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Journal of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Research Published by Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang Jl Prof. Dr. Hamka Kampus III Ngaliyan Semarang 50185 Website: https://journal.walisongo.ac.id/index.php/JNSMR Email:jnsmr@walisongo.ac.id
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INDONESIA
Journal of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Research
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang
ISSN : 26146487     EISSN : 24604453     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21580/jnsmr
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
Journal of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Research, an international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to natural sciences and mathematics research. Scientific articles dealing with fundamental sciences, material sciences, mathematics, materials characterization, etc. are particularly welcome. The journal encompasses research articles, original research report, reviews, short communications and scientific commentaries in fundamental sciences and mathematics including: fundamental sciences, fundamental physics, fundamental chemistry, fundamental biology, mathematics, applied sciences, applied physics, applied chemistry,applied biology,applied mathematics and materials characterization.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 222 Documents
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Shrimp cracker industrial wastewater treatment with aerobic biological properties utilizing modified Contact-Stabilization method Sintha Soraya Santi; Kindriari Nurma Wahyusi; Ketut Sumada; Srie Muljani
Journal of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Research Vol 7, No 2 (2021): December
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/jnsmr.2021.7.2.11284

Abstract

The prawn cracker industry is one of the most common types of food industry in Indonesia. The existence of this industry has a positive impact in maintaining and improving the Indonesian economy, but it can also have a negative impact on the environment in particular, because this industry produces wastewater which can have a negative impact on the aquatic environment if the wastewater is directly discharged into the river. Based on the results of the analysis of the quality of wastewater from one of the shrimp cracker industries, it is known that wastewater contains Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) which is 3446 mg/L, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) 1118.9 mg/L and acidity (pH) 5.88 – 6.13. Referring to the wastewater quality standards for the shrimp cracker industry, namely COD: 120 mg/L, BOD: 50 mg/L, and acidity pH: 6-9, the shrimp cracker industrial wastewater must be treated first before being channeled into the body. river receiving water. In this study, the treatment process used is an aerobic biological process with a modified contact-stabilization method. This method is the development of the contact-stabilization method, where in this modified method the wastewater from the treatment is recycled to the stabilization tank and together with the bacteria is transferred to the contact tank. Variations carried out in this study are the incoming wastewater flow rate (liters/hour): 4,5 ; 5.5; 6.5 ; 7.5 and 8.5 and flow rate of recycled water from treatment to stabilization tank (%) : 10 ; 20 ; 30 of the incoming wastewater flow rate. The best results were obtained at the wastewater flow rate of 5.5 liters/hour and the recycled water flow rate from the treatment to the stabilization tank 20% with a decrease in the COD value of 97.3% and BOD of 98.4% and the pH of the treated water 6.9.©2021 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Identification of the Subsurface Structure of Geothermal Working Area of the Hamiding Mountain, North Maluku through Land Surface Temperature (LST) Data and Forward Modeling with the Gravity Method Muhammad Nafian; Belista Gunawan; Nanda Ridki Permana; Rofiqul Umam
Journal of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Research Vol 8, No 1 (2022): June
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/jnsmr.2022.8.1.11902

Abstract

The Mount Hamiding area has one of the largest geothermal potentials in Indonesia to be exploited. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of knowing the subsurface structure in the area using the gravity method. To correlate gravity data in order to obtain parameters to measure the increase in surface temperature using supporting data is land surface temperature. Derivative analysis and 2D modeling carried out by forward modeling is one method that can strengthen the geothermal potential in the area. Based on the Land Surface Temperature map, the temperature around the geothermal prospect area is 22 – 25 0C. The results of the derivative analysis show that the geothermal prospect of Mount Hamiding is controlled by two different faults, a fault due to the depression of the old Hamiding caldera and a local fault under the surface of Mount Dukono, which is confirmed as a reverse fault. While the 2D modeling identified the geothermal reservoir layer, which is estimated to have a density of 1.59 gr/cc and consists of a mixture of tuff and minor lava, where the contents of this reservoir are water dominant due to the relatively low-density value with a depth of -411 – (-1280) m, above the reservoir layer it is suspected that the tuff and clay insert layer has a density of 2.56 gr/cc with a depth of 310 – (-1280) m, and the covering layer which is presumed to be a clay cap layer has a density of 1.39 gr/cc with a depth of 870 – (-620). ©2022 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Analysis of the optical properties of ZnO thin films deposited on a glass substrate by the So-gel method Wilda Amananti; Riky Ardiyanto; Heri Sutanto; Iis Nurhasanah; Inur Tivani
Journal of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Research Vol 8, No 1 (2022): June
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/jnsmr.2022.8.1.9623

Abstract

Zinc oxide (ZnO) has attracted the attention of researchers as a photocatalyst material, because ZnO has a wide direct band gap (3.37 eV) and is a semiconductor material with a large excitation binding energy (60 meV). ZnO is a photocatalyst that has many advantages, namely cheap, non-toxic, and theoretically very active under UV irradiation. The most interesting thing about ZnO semiconductor compared to other semiconductors is that ZnO can absorb most of the solar spectrum. However, there is a weakness of the ZnO semiconductor, namely the very fast recombination of charge carriers and the ZnO semiconductor has a low efficiency in the visible region which causes the ZnO semiconductor to have a wide band gap. that is the weakness of ZnO. it is necessary to choose the right method to overcome this deficiency of ZnO. one way that can be done is to increase the photocatalytic ability of zinc oxide, it is necessary to develop it in the manufacture of thin films. The method used in the manufacture of Thin Film is using the sol-gel spray coating method. the first stage is through the manufacture of ZnO precursors by dissolving zinc acetate dehydrate with isopropanol solvent through stirring. then the second stage by adding Monoethanolamine. This stirring lasted for 30 minutes at a temperature of 70°C, the precursor concentration was prepared with three different concentrations which included concentrations of 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 M. ZnO precursor deposited on the substrate glass is blown at 400 °C. Optical properties are carried out by recording the transmittance and absorbance which are affected by increasing concentrations. The optical transmission spectra show that the transmission increases with decreasing concentration and the maximum transmission in the visible region is about 90% for ZnO thin films prepared with 0.1 M. The optical band gap value produced by the thin film of 0.1 M precursor concentration resulted in an energy band gap of 3.11 eV; thin films of 0.3 M precursor concentration produced an energy band gap of 3.07 eV; and thin film of 0.5M precursor concentration produced an energy band gap of 3.06 eV.©2022 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Application of the Smith Waterman and Jukes Cantor Algorithm in the Arrangement of the SARS CoV-2 Virus Tony Yulianto; Mohamad Tafrikan; Rica Amalia; Emi Yunita; Moch. Haikal; Fathorrozi Ariyanto; Zuhrotul Hasanah
Journal of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Research Vol 8, No 1 (2022): June
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/jnsmr.2022.8.1.10887

Abstract

In early 2020, the world was shocked by an outbreak of a new pneumonia that started in Wuhan, Hubei Province, which then spread rapidly to more than 190 countries and territories. This outbreak was named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The spread of this disease has had a wide social and economic impact. There is still a lot of controversy surrounding this disease, including in the aspects of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Therefore, a study was carried out on studies related to COVID-19 that have been widely published since the beginning of 2020 until the end of March 2020.So to overcome this problem, the Smith Waterman Jukes Cantor Algorithm was made to align Covid19 by taking the a pair of DNA and RNA sequencesto align protein sequences. From this alignment, the percentage of identical and mutations will be known. The identical percentage in the genetic code will prove that although the symptoms caused by the disease are almost the same, the protein sequences are not necessarily the same. Based on the simulation results of the distance between sequences that produce a phylogenetic tree using the jukes cantor method, it was obtained that 4 groups of 26 sequences were divided into groups, namely, group 1 consists of 16 sequences, group 2 consists of 6 sequences, group 3 consists of 2 sequences, group 4 consists of 2 sequences. Based on these groups, it turns out that the China Wuhan sequence (sequence MT291826) is located in group 1 and other countries that are almost similar to the sequence in China Wuhan, namely the country of Timoe Leste with the sequence MT641766 also located in group 1.©2022 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
The analysis of Reservoar Porosity Calculation based on Well Log in Bintuni Basin Area Suwondo Suwondo; Warto Utomo; Tati Zera; Muhammad Thariq Almuqtadir
Journal of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Research Vol 8, No 1 (2022): June
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/jnsmr.2022.8.1.11259

Abstract

The  Bintuni Basin is one of several  oil and gas producing basin in Eastern Indonesia.  This basin has one of the hydrocarbon-producing reservoir in the Kais Formation. The carbonate reservoir in Kais Formation is Middle to Upper Miocene age. The understanding of reservoirs is important for further field development. Petrophysical analysis is a method for understanding reservoirs especially  porosity parameter and estimation of hydrocarbon reserve. The data used in study is  well data including, mudlog report, well report, Gamma Ray (GR), Sonic, Resistivity (ILD, ILS, MSFL), density (RHOB) and NPHI logs. The aim study is to analyze the reservoir using Gamma Ray log and porosity calculation using Sonic, RHOB and NPHI logs. The study method includes regional geological literature review, marker analysis, Gamma Ray picking, and reservoir porosity calculations. According to Gamma Ray picking analysis, the Kais Formation GR has values of  GRsand = 25 API and values of GRshale = 80 API. The Low Gamma Ray  below 60 API is interpretated as carbonate reservoir. For porosity validation, the porosity of routine core analysis (RCAL) data is plotted into porosity logs (porosity calculation using Sonic, RHOB and NPHI logs). Based on the porosity calculation using three porosity logs(Sonic, Density, NPHI Logs), the porosity estimated from density log is more match with the porosity of routine core analysis (RCAL) data. According to porosity calculation at WTU Well, the porosity from log density in the Kais Formation has value from 2% - 25%. The porosity in Carbonate  has large value  as a result of secondary porosity.©2022 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
The analysis of differences at Binary Image in COVID-19 and ARDS Patients from chest X-Ray examination Syntia Anggraeni; Siska Nuryani; Heni Sumarti; Samuel Gideon
Journal of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Research Vol 8, No 1 (2022): June
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/jnsmr.2022.8.1.10890

Abstract

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a viral infection that was discovered at the end of December 2019 in Wuhan, China. The spread and transmission of this virus is very fast even to all countries in the world. Meanwhile, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is an emergency condition in the field of pulmonology that occurs due to fluid accumulation in the alveoli causes gas exchange disorders so that oxygen distribution to tissues were reduced. In this study, Chest X-Ray (CXR) image processing done in COVID-19 and ARDS patients with the aim of analyzing the differences in binary image using the Otsu Thresholding method. This study prioritizes improving the quality of the original CXR image by segmentation using calculating the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Mean Square Error (MSE) values. The results showed that the difference between CXR images in COVID-19 patients and ARDS lies in the extent of spread, in COVID-19 patients the extent of spread varies depending on the length of time the virus has invaded and not all of it starts from the alveolus, while ARDS tends to be constant and starts from the lungs. The lower part of the lung, specifically the alveoli. ©2022 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
A glimpse of the Nitrogen-Fixing Wheat possibility Lee James Watson; Tara Puri Ducha Rahmani
Journal of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Research Vol 8, No 1 (2022): June
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/jnsmr.2022.8.1.11766

Abstract

As the world's population grows at an exponential rate, greater food production becomes a requirement. Intensive agricultural methods, which are now used to produce the bulk of food, are unsustainable and will be unable to supply demand when natural resources become scarce. The industry faces a significant nitrogen demand, which must be met in order to combat hunger in emerging countries. This study used a literature review technique to investigate the potential for improved wheat crop yield through nitrogen fixation. It has been demonstrated that utilizing microorganisms such as cyanobacteria as biofertilizers or phytopathogen antagonists can boost the development and productivity of non-leguminous agricultural crops. Finally, the possible end result outweighs the costs. It's impossible to argue against the development of nitrogen-fixing wheat at this point in the technology's development. Whether it is possible to develop crops that rely solely on dinitrogen as a nitrogen source, or if the result is only a slight boost in wheat yields, the need to improve global food production needs research like the one described in this article.©2022 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Modified Variational Iteration Method with Chebyshev Polynomials for Solving 12th order Boundary Value problems Jonathan Tsetimi; Ogeh K.O; Disu A. B
Journal of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Research Vol 8, No 1 (2022): June
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/jnsmr.2022.8.1.2693

Abstract

We consider in this paper an illustration of the modified variational iteration method (MVIM) as an effective and accurate solver of 12th order boundary value problem (BVP). For this reason, the Chebyshev polynomials of the principal kind was utilized as a premise capabilities in the guess of the logical capability of the given issue. The strategy is applied in an immediate manner without utilizing linearization or irritation. The subsequent mathematical confirmations recommend that the strategy is without a doubt successful and exact as applied to a few direct and nonlinear issues as mathematical trial and error. Maple 18 was used for all computational simulations carried out in this research.©2022 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Bioplastic from Cassava peel and eggshell waste Nila Tanyela Berghuis; Diah Kemala Mutmainah; Meliana Nur Savitri; Meri Arizki; Dyas Dwi Yunita; Fahdly Awaluddin; Rehan Rizkyta Peranginangin; Athirah Nursalsabila; Ris Kevin Bramasta
Journal of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Research Vol 8, No 2 (2022): December
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/jnsmr.2022.8.2.13696

Abstract

The accumulation of plastic waste and excessive use of plastic is a common environmental issue in Indonesia. Plastics are synthetic polymers that are stable, water-resistant, light, flexible, and firm but very difficult to break down by microorganisms. Decomposition of plastic waste by burning can cause other environmental issues and, during the combustion process can produce dioxin compounds that are harmful to health. An available and affordable alternative to reduce the use of plastic is by using bioplastics. Bioplastics are plastics made from natural materials that microorganisms can break down, so they are more environmentally friendly than commercial plastics. Generally, the main ingredients for making bioplastics are starch or chitosan. The source of starch used in this project comes from cassava peel waste. In this project, researchers also utilize waste from chicken eggshells. The function of adding eggshell waste is to give biodegradable plastic complex characteristics. The ratio between cassava peel and eggshell used was 1:0, 1:1, 1:3, and 1:5. With a 1:1 ratio is the most optimal. The addition of eggshells with the correct ratio (1:1) increased the ability of biodegradation of bioplastics. The results of the Tensile Strength Test of Bioplastic Samples with a ratio of 1:0, 1:1, 1:3, and 1:5 are 9.2 x10-3kgf/cm2, 4.4 x10-3 kgf/cm2, 2 x10-3 kgf/cm2, and 2 x10-3 kgf/cm2.©2022 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
The inhibition of Fusarium wilt in Chili by Endophytic Fungi isolated from Green Betel (Piper betle L.) Leaf Andang Syaifudin; Rina Sri Kasiamdari
Journal of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Research Vol 8, No 2 (2022): December
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/jnsmr.2022.8.2.13795

Abstract

Green Betel (Piper betle L.) leaves are often used as medicine by local people because they contain antibacterial and antifungal substances. These substances can be produced by plant metabolites and are also the results of metabolites produced by endophytic fungi. Endophytic fungus is an organism that is associated with healthy host tissues without causing disease symptoms. Endophytic fungi from betel leaf are used as biocontrol agents against Fusarium oxysporum causes wilt disease that attacks Chili (Capsicum annuum L.), which is one of the main agricultural commodities in Indonesia. Fusarium wilt disease is a disease that significantly reduces crop yields based on crop yields. This research was conducted in a chili farm in Cangkringan, Sleman, Yogyakarta. This study aimed to test the antagonism of endophytic fungi with the dual culture technique. Three types of green betel leaf endophytic fungi were used for dual culture test against Fusarium oxysporum. The observation result showed the highest inhibition ability of 73.37% dual culture method. The inhibitory mechanisms of green betel leaf endophytic fungal isolates include parasitism, antibiosis, and competition. Endophytic fungi of green betel leaf are effective as biocontrol agents of wilt Fusarium chili disease. ©2022 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.

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