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INDONESIA
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14101637     EISSN : 25484788     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 509 Documents
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Arah Pengembangan Biosistematika di Indonesia Soenartono Adisoemarto; Yayuk R. Suhardjono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (1997)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12909

Abstract

To be able to see general picture of organism diversity, including their interrelationships, biosystematics is applied. Usefulness of these interrelationships is related to the positions of each of the units, which can be determined only by biosystematics. However, not too many biosystematicist are aware of the usefulness of these interrelationships. To reveal the interrelationships and hierarchy restructurization of the grouping in needed. There are two approaches proposed to do the restructurization : through concept of biosystematics and through biosystematics units. The biosystematic units approach has been selected. In the short term program, identification of biosystematic categories with high priority is suggested to be selected as the units to be handled. ln this respect, it is relevant to the management of agricultural pests and weeds, especially on rice. Special efforts must be given to biotype development, seasonal forms, complex species, and indication of evolutionary tendency of important species. The lack of data and information on these aspects will hinder the roles and function of biosystematics. For long term program, the activities will be focused on the identification of groups and research aspects which support their biosystematic endeavour. The suggested high prioritized group is Pyralidae as rice pests, followed by soil insect of agricultural importance, fruit flies of the family Tephtritidae, and horticultural, plantation and wood pests. For health aspect, focusing on sibling and complex species is needed, especially on the vectors of malaria and dengue haemorrhagic fever. Short term program projection is the availability and adequacy of data for treatment in short period. For long term program the formulation for anticipating the impacts of the development on the selected groups. Both of these program projections are also needed by the educational institutions for planning and determining human resources needed for conducting the program.
Efektivitas Nematoda Patogenik Serangga (Rhabditida: Steinernema dan Heterorhabditis) terhadap Penggerek Batang Padi Putih (Scirpophaga innotata) Chaerani Chaerani; Bebet Nurbaeti
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 12, No 2 (2006)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12071

Abstract

White rice stem borer (Scirpophaga innotata) is a destructive insect pest which is difficult to control with various tactics. The possibility of the use of non-endemic natural enemies such as entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernema and Heterorhabditis) has been investigated in green house trials. Test of 12 isolates and species of Steinernema and Heterorhabditis originated from local and exotic sources revealed that H. indicus INA H4 was the most efficacious nematode by causing 74% larval and pupal mortality within rice stems. Reduction in plant damage due to nematode application could not be demonstrated as the experiment was limited to potted plants. Subsequent test using H. indicus INA H4 showed that increasing nematode concentration from 0.5 to 2.0x10^4 IJs/ml did not significantly affect insect mortality. The survival ability of H. indicus INA H4 infective juveniles on rice plant was less than 96 hours. Improvement of nematode application strategies including repeated spray, addition of antidesiccant, increasing spray volume and application at plant damage threshold or plant critical stage are therefore necessary to increase nematode effectiveness and simultaneously to reduce plant damage in field.
Increasing Soil Suppressivity to Fusarium Wilt Of Banana Through Banana Intercropping with Allium spp. Arif Wibowo; Aulia Rahman Alboneh; Medina Uli Alba Somala; Siti Subandiyah; Tony Pattison; Agustin Molina
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 19, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.16344

Abstract

Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc), is one of the most destructive diseases of banana and has spread in many plantation areas in Indonesia. Until today, the effective ways to control banana fusarium wilt disease have not yet been found. Some studies indicated thatAllium spp. could be used to suppress plant diseases caused by Fusarium. Allium spp. are important horticultural crops which are generally cultivated in some areas in Indonesia. This research was conducted to determine the effect of several species ofAllium spp. intercropped with banana to improve soil suppressiveness against banana fusarium wilt disease. The results showed that up to 12 months after planting, from 3 species ofAllium spp. (A. tuberosum/ Chinese leek, A. fistulosum/ bunching onion, and A. cepa var. aggregatum/ shallot) intercropped with banana Ambon Kuning (AAA) cultivar, Chinese leek and shallot were able to suppress the incidence of fusarium wilt disease of banana by 46 and 33% respectively. Soil analysis on the rhizosphere of banana intercropped with Chinese leek and shallot had lower population of total Fusarium compared to the other treatments. Analysis of fluorescein diacetate (3’.6’-diacetylfluoerescein) or FDA also showed that total microbial activity in the rhizosphere of banana intercropped withAllium spp. was also lower compared to control treatment (without intercropping). The observation of the effect ofAllium spp. extracts on Foc showed that Allium spp. extracts were able to suppress the development of the colony and spore germination of Foc in vitro. INTISARILayu Fusarium, yang disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc), merupakan salah satu penyakit tanaman pisang yang paling merusak dan telah tersebar di berbagai daerah di Indonesia. Sampai saat ini cara yang efektif untuk mengendalikan penyakit layu fusarium pisang belum ditemukan. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Allium spp. dapat dipergunakan untuk menekan penyakit tumbuhan yang disebabkan oleh Fusarium. Allium spp. adalah tanaman hortikultura penting yang banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh beberapa spesiesAllium spp. yang ditumpangsarikan dengan tanaman pisang untuk meningkatkan supresifitas tanah dalam menekan penyakit layu fusarium pisang. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa sampai 12 bulan setelah tanam, dari 3 spesiesAllium spp. (A. tuberosum/kucai, A. fistulosum/loncang, dan A. cepa var. aggregatum/bawang merah) yang ditumpangsarikan dengan pisang kultivar Ambon Kuning (AAA), kucai dan bawang merah mampu menekan insidensi penyakit layu fusarium pisang berturut-turut sebesar 46% dan 33%. Analisis tanah rhizosfer pisang yang ditumpang sari dengan kucai dan bawang merah menunjukkan populasi total Fusarium yang lebih rendah daripada perlakuan lainnya. Analisis fluorescein diacetate (3’.6’-diacetylfluoerescein) atau FDA juga menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas total mikrobia pada rhizosfer pisang yang ditumpang sari dengan Allium spp. lebih rendah jika dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol (tanpa tumpang sari). Pengamatan pengaruh ekstrak Allium spp. terhadap Foc menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak Allium spp. mampu menekan perkembangan koloni dan perkecambahan spora Foc secara in vitro.
Peranan Asam Salisilat pada Interaksi Inang-Patogen Penyakit Kudis Ubijalar (Elsinoe batatas) Eko Agus Martanto; Christanti Sumardiyono; Haryono Semangun; Bambang Hadisutrisno
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 9, No 2 (2003)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12243

Abstract

The role of salicylic acid on host-pathogen interactions of sweet potato scab disease (E. batatas) was done by measuring (1) the level of resistance of sweet potato cultivars to scab disease, (2) salicylic acid content in sweet potato leaves before inoculation, 3 days, 6 days, and 9 days after inoculation, and (3) effect of salicylic acid to the germination of E. batatas conidia. The result showed that there were different responses of sweet potato cultivars to pathogens infection. Inoculation with E. batatas isolate from Wonosobo (WO2) showed resistant reaction on Muaratakus, moderate resistant on Cangkuang, moderate susceptible on Malothok, and susceptible on Mlg 12549. Resistant cultivar (Muaratakus) has higher salicylic acid content than moderate resistant (Cangkuang), moderate susceptible (Malothok), and susceptible cultivar (Mlg 12549). Salicylic acid inhibited germination of E. batatas conidia.
Resistance Test of Several Tomato Varieties to Bacterial Wilt Diseases Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum Putri Laeshita; Triwidodo Arwiyanto
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 21, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.23171

Abstract

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Penyakit Karat Putih Krisan di Sekitar Bandungan, Ambarawa Haryono Semangun; Wikan Radityo; Lilik Nurcholis; Martanto Martosupono; Djoko Murdono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 16, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.11729

Abstract

Chrysanthemum white rust (CWR) caused by Puccinia horiana creates severe losses on chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum grandiflorum, Dendranthema grandiflora) in plastic houses in Bandungan (750–1050 masl.) and its surrounding. In lower elevations higher disease intensities were found around roof leakages and ventilations. In Sumowono (1000–1050 masl.) the disease was spread evenly in plastic houses. Teliospores of P. horiana develop in form of basidia (promycelia) at midnight which directly form basidiospores (sporidia). Spreading of basidiospores occur at 2 to 4 in the morning, especially at 3 a.m. Infection takes place through lower or upper surface of the leaves, as the two sides have stomata. Incubation time in this trial is 8–11 hours. Vegetative as well as generative phase of chrysanthemum have the same susceptibility. Many farmers applied inappropriate fungicides in controlling CWR. It is recommended to apply carbendazim as systemic fungicide alternated by protectant fungicides as mancozeb.
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Kitinase Akar Tusam (Pinus merkusii Jungh. et de Vriese) Roots yang Bersimbiosis dengan Fungi Ektomikoriza A. Handayani; S. M. Wisyastuti; S. Margino
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 11, No 2 (2005)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12099

Abstract

The experiment was aimed to detect the activity and characterize the chitinase of tusam root during ectomycorrhizal symbiosis. Tusam inoculated with tusam stands soil from Kaliurang as fungi inocula. Crude proteins were isolated from 4, 6, and 8 weeks age of tusam. Chitinase activity and isoform were detected using glycol chitin as a subtrat. The enzyme was purified by ammonium sulfat precipitation, dialysis, followed by gel filtration chromatography. The results showed that tusam prodced chitinasse with a molecular weight of approximately 52kDa. The optimum activity was at pH 5 and temperature of 30°C.
Pengimbasan Ketahanan Pisang terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium dengan Asam Salisilat In Vitro Suryanti Suryanti; Yufita Dwi Chinta; Christanti Sumardiyono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 15, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.11770

Abstract

Salicylic acid (SA) is an important signal in plant defense. It is used as induced resistance agent against Fusarium wilt. An artificial induction was conducted by shaking the shoot groups of banana tissue culture in liquid medium of Murashige-Skoog (MS). MS medium was added with 0 ppm (as control), ⅛ LC50, ¼ LC50, ½ LC50, and LC50 concentration of SA. Alive shoot groups were subcultured for about three months and were acclimated. Resistance test had been conducted in glass house by inoculated six months old banana seedlings with Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc). Leaves symptom were observed based on Leaf Symptom Index (LSI) and corm discoloration based on Rhizome Discoloration Index (RDI). The result of this research showed that induced banana seedlings had higher plant resistance to Fusarium wilt than control.
Deteksi Strain Pseudomonas solanacearum Penghasil Bakteriosin Triwidodo Arwiyanto; Sudarmadi Sudarmadi; I. Hartana
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 2, No 2 (1996)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12890

Abstract

The capability of Pseudornonas solanacearum to produce bacteriocin was investigated with theuse oj Casamino-acid Peptone Glucose Agar. All strains tested produce bacteriocm withvarious spectra. Strain 6, 36 and ./9 inhibited almost all of the other strains. The avirulenttype of those three strains. i.e. 6-op. 36-op and -19-op, still produced bacteriocln on the samemedium. The.concentratlon of carbon source and acidity of the medium did not have any effecton the bacteriocin production. The bacterioctn produced by strains 6-op, 36-op and 49-opwere inactivated at 70°C for 30 minutes.
Penyakit Daun Keriting Kuning Cabai di Indonesia Sri Sulandari
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.11941

Abstract

The epidemic of pepper yellow leaf curl disease caused by Begomovirus has been observed in Indonesia since 2000. The virus can not be transmitted either by seed or mechanical inoculation. In the laboratory the virus can be transmitted by grafting and in the field, the disease spread over only by Bemisia tabaci Genn as a vector of the disease in persistant .manner. The disease widespread at some pepper production centers in Java,Sumatera, Bali, Kalimantan, and Sulawesi. The epidemic of the disease is influenced by some factors such as, changing of the planting pattern, the influence of global warming, planting of the new susceptible cultivars, and the formation of new virulence strain of Begomovirus. Beside attacking pepper, the virus can infect other plants and weeds that belong to Solanaceae, Compositae and some Leguminosae. The best method to control the disease is by the integrated program such as plantingthe healthy seedling of pepper, sanitation of weeds that grown souronding the pepper plantation, planting the tolerant cultivars of pepper, improving the planting pattern, and controlling the vector of the disease.

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