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Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia

jpti
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 14101637 EISSN : 25484788 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 509 Documents

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Ketahanan Beberapa Jamur Patogen terhadap Fungisida Christanti Sumardiyono; Nursamsi Pusposendjojo; Sri Trisnowati
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 1, No 1 (1995)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Chemical control of plant pathogens have been done for a long time using contact and systemic fungicides. Resistance of the pathogens to fungicides may caused failure of disease control program. Studies by in vitro, in green house and fields were done at Yogyakarta to know the fungal which were resistant to several fungicides after treatment. The pathogen tested to fungicides were Colletotrichum capsici on red pepper to propineb, mancozeb, mixture of carbendazim and mancozeb, and thiophanate methyl, Alternaria porri on garlic to thiophanate methyl, Phytophthora palmivora on cocoa to Al-fosetyl, metalaxyl, mancozeb, and Copper Oxychloride, and Peronosclerospora maydis on corn to metalaxyl. The study indicated that C. capsici was resistant to propineb, mancozeb, and mixture of carbendazim and mancozeb, but sensitive to thiophanate methyl. A. porri from plant treated with thiophanate methyl indicated resistant to the fungicides. ED50 of Al-fosetyl and metalaxyl on P. palmivora were higher than on mancozeb and copper oxychloride, so that it was resistance strain.

Penyakit-Penyakit Penting Buah Naga di Tiga Sentra Pertanaman di Jawa Tengah Arif Wibowo; Ani Widiastuti; Wahyu Agustina
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 17, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The objective of this study was to identify the causal agent of some dragon fruit disease emerging in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) and Central Java. Samples were taken from the dragon fruit plantation from the district of Sleman and Kulonprogo, Province of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta as well as Magelang, Province of Central Java. Isolation of pathogen from symptomatic plant tissue was performed on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) for fungi and Nutrient Agar (NA) for bacteria and continued with Koch's postulates testing. The results of field observation showed that the disease commonly occured in all 3 plantations of dragon fruit were stem rot caused by Erwinia sp. and scab caused by Pestalotiopsis sp. Other miscellaneous diseases found among the plantations were brown spot (Fusarium sp.), anthracnose (Colletotrichum sp.), mosaic that might be caused by Cactus Virus X, root knotnematode (Meloidogyne sp.), black rot and red spot which were still unidentified.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penyakit-penyait penting pada tanaman buah naga yang ditanam pada sentra pertanaman buah naga di Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) dan Jawa Tengah, serta untuk mengidentifikasi penyebab penyakit penting tersebut. Sampel tanaman buah naga diambil dari pertanaman buah naga di Kabupaten Sleman dan Kulon Progo untuk Provinsi DIY serta Magelang untuk Propinsi Jawa Tengah. Isolasi patogen dari jaringan tanaman bergejala dilakukan pada medium Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) untuk jamur dan Nutrient Agar (NA) untuk bakteri serta dilanjutkan dengan uji Postulat Koch. Hasil pengamatan di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa penyakit yang umum terdapat di 3 lokasi pertanaman buah naga tersebut adalah busuk batang yang disebabkan oleh Erwinia sp. dan kudis yang disebabkan oleh Pestalotiopsis sp. Adapun penyakit-penyakit lain yang dijumpai antara lain bercak coklat (Fusarium sp.), antraknosa (Colletotrichum sp.), mosaik yang kemungkinan disebabkan oleh Cactus Virus X, puru akar (Meloidogyne sp.), serta busuk hitam dan bercak merah yang belum teridentifikasi penyebabnya.

The Current Status of Baculovirus and Their Implication for Insect Pest Control Arman Wijonarko
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 7, No 1 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10014

Baculovirus have been promoted as the promising bioinsecticides for their pest control potential for more than half a century. But only a few have been successful as biological control agent, and almost none has been proven as commercial success, or widely used for large-scale insect pest control. The bioinsecticides currently represent only a small fraction of the world pesticide market. The successful of the Bt crop marked a special achievement in the bioinsecticide market growth. How about the baculoviruses? The main hurdle for baculovirus to be developed as bioinsecticide is its poor performance compare to synthetic chemical ones, include the speed of kill, and host range. It is important to understand the nature of baculovirus, and explore the possibilities to develop new way in applying the baculovirus as bioinsecticides.

Penghambatan Penyakit Damping Off (Rebah Semai) pada Semai Pinus dengan Ekstrak Biji Nyiri (Xylocarpus granatum) Siti Muslimah Widyastuti
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 2, No 1 (1996)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Forest Development inIndonesiais based on sustainable concept. To support this policy, forest protection must be done based on environmental approach. In this approach the use of synthetic pesticide must be minimized. Consequently it is necessary to find out alternative method to substitute the use of synthetic pesticide. Phytofungicide is one of the alternative for the synthetic pesticide. The aim of the research was to evaluate the potential of nyiri (Xylocarpus granatum Koen) seed as phytofungicide for controlling Fusarium sp., a pathogen of pine damping off disease. Evaluation was done based on the activity of the extracted nyiri seeds collected from Cilacap mangrove in inhibiting the spore germination and germ tube length in the laboratory, and suppressing the disease intensity in green house. The result showed that the extract of nyiri had antifungal activity against the pathogen tested. This is the first report on the activity of nyiri as phytofungicide for plant pathogens.

Pemanfaatan Beberapa Kaldu Hewan sebagai Bahan Formula Cair Pseudomonas fluorescens P60 untuk Mengendalikan Sclerotium rolfsii pada Tanaman Mentimun Loekas Soesanto; Endang Mugiastuti; Ruth Feti Rahayuniati
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 17, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

A research aiming at knowing the potency of several animal broths as organic liquid formula of Pseudomonas fluorescens P60, soaking period of Sclerotium rolfsii sclerotia, and its application method on cucumber stem-end rot was done. Completely randomized design and randomized block design both arranged by factorial were used for in vitro and in planta tests, respectively. The first factor was six kinds of animal broth, i.e., golden snail, local chicken,broiler chicken, catfish, cow bone, and rat. The second one for in vitro test was the soaking period in the Pseudomonas fluorescens P60 formula, i.e., 0, 1, 10, and 100 hours and for in planta one was application methods, i.e., seed soaking or crop spraying. Result of the research showed that the best animal broth as liquid formula for Pseudomonas fluorescens P60 was golden snail broth indicated by suppression of sclerotial germination up to 97.4% after soaking for 100 hours. The best application method to suppress the disease was spraying method showed by suppressed of sclerotial germination, longer incubation period, and suppressed disease incidence and sclerotial late population of 55.79, 147.35, 66.67, and 59.68%, repectively. Spraying the formula could also increase crop height difference, fresh and dry weight of crop, fresh and dry weight of root, and root length to 146.83, 86.62, 112.5, 87.88, 140, and 159.68%, respectively.

Peran Sklerotium dan Bentuk Lain Patogen Rhizoctonia solani sebagai Sumber Inokulum Awal Penyakit Hawar Pelepah Padi Suparyono Suparyono; Sudir Sudir
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 5, No 1 (1999)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Experiments were conducted in Sukamandi Experimental Station of the Research Institute for Rice (RIR), to evaluate the importance of sclerotia and other propagules as the primary inoculum of rice sheath blight. The trials were conducted during the growing season of 1996/1997. Two elite varieties, namely IR64 and Cisadane, were planted in plots of 2×2 m in size. Subplots were three different ways of crop establishment, i.e. transplanting with 20×20 cm distance, transplanting in-row with 10×40 cm, and direct seeding in row. Sub-sub plots were 6 different form of inoculum of R. solani, namely sclerotia, sclerotia+mycelium, fresh infected rice straw, decomposed infected rice straw, fresh infected weeds, and decomposed infected weeds. Checks were plots with no additional inoculum of R. solani. Disease incidence of sheath blight was observed once a week started at 2 week after planting. Data indicated that in both season, form of inoculum significantly affect the development of rice sheath blight. Highest disease incidence was observed in plots receiving fresh infected rice straw as the primary inoculum, indicating that this form of inoculum was the most efficient for rice sheath blight development. The other form appeared to be effective as primary source of inoculum, were decomposed infected rice straw and fresh infected weeds. In tropical rice ecosystem such as in Indonesia, sclerotia appeared to be not as an important primary inoculum for rice sheath blight. Such information would be of important as the basic of sheath blight management in Indonesia, since incorporation of fresh rice straw into the paddy field prior to planting is a common practice in Indonesian rice ecosystem.

Hubungan Antara Serangan Hama dan Penggunaan Pestisida: Pendekatan Analisis Ekonometrik pada Padi dan Kedelai Joko Mariyono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 8, No 1 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10107

Pesticide is one of the pest control agents. Before concept of economic threshold was introduced, pesticide was used under scheduled method based on life cycle of insect pests. Therefore, pests damage was influenced by pesticide application, and resulting one-way relationship between pest attack and pesticide application. After the economic threshold concept was introduced as pest control strategy, the relationship becomes two-directions, namely pest attack is affected by pesticide application, and vice versa. Therefore, the simple relationship does not reflect the real condition. The unbiased relationship can be overcame by econometric approach called two stage least square, including new relevant independent variables. The objective of this study is determining the reversible relationship between pest attack and pesticide application. For this purpose, the time series data-containing pest attack level and pesticide application on rice and soybean during 1990–1998 were required. The result of analysis in rice indicated that the irreplaceable phenomenon that is increasing pest attack caused by rising pesticide application, but in soybean indicated common condition that is pest attack reduced when pesticide application increase. On the other hand, both pesticides application on rice and soybean were influenced by pests attack condition. Higher pest attack causes increasing pesticides application.

Peran Infeksi Jamur dalam Memperparah Kerusakan Buah Kakao Akibat Serangan Helopeltis sp. Toekidjo Martoredjo; Djungdjunan Ardy; Hermansyah Hermansyah; Tri Sunardi
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 1, No 1 (1995)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Cocoa pod devastation caused by combine inoculations between pest and pathogen., either between Helopeltis theobromae and Botryodiplodia theobromae or between H. theobromae and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, more sever than total single inoculation only by pest (H. theobromae) or pathogen (B. theobromae and C. gloeosporioides).

Reaktivitas Antibodi Poliklonal SSV terhadap Antigen Homolog dan Heterolog Sri Sulandari; Y. B. Sumardiyono; M. Roechan
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 4, No 1 (1998)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Polyclonal antibodies for Soybean Stunt Virus (SSV) were produced in white rabbit through the following procedures: approximately 100 mg of purified virions emulsified in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) were injected intramuscularly first. In the second and third injection 150 mg of purified virions in Incomplete Freund’s Adjuvant (IFA) per injection were injected intramuscularly. Finally, about 300 mg of purified virions were injected intravenously as a booster. The injection were done at 2 weeks interval. Antiserum was collected 5 days after the final injection. Antisera was purified by precipitation in saturated ammonium sulfate. Purified antibody was tested for the titer and reactivity of antibodies against the homologous and heterologous antigen. The studies were conducted with non-precoated I-ELISA test. This research was able to obtain about 25 ml of crude antisera for SSV, the concentration of purified polyclonal antibodies was about 9 mg/ml. the titer of polyclonal antibodies was 10.000 in I-ELISA. Without absorbtion with sap of healthy plant, the antibodies could not be use to identify the infected and healthy plant samples. In the following test, the absorbed antibody was used. Using antibodies to SSV at a dilution of 1:1000 and 1:10.000 against sap extracts sample of healthy and infected plant at a dilution of 1:10 by non-precoated I-ELISA test, indicated that the antibody could be used to identify the healthy and infected samples. By the same test, the antibody could be reacted to both homologous antigen (SSV) and heterologous antigen (CMV isolated from banana).

Suppression of Sheath Blight of Rice with Antagonistic Bacteria Arif Wibowo
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 7, No 2 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Eleven bacterial isolates were isolated from wet rice field in Wates, Kulon Progo. The result of antagonism test on nutrient agar (NA) showed that only two isolates (WKP-4 and WKP-6) were antagonistic to Rhizoctonia solani. Determination on these two isolates showed that they were belong to the group of fluorescent pseudomonads. In the glass house trial, only WKP-6 suppressed the relative lesion height of sheath blight of rice variety IR 50.

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Y. Andi Trisyono

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

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Reviewer

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Contact Name Y. Andi Trisyono

Contact Email anditrisyono@ugm.ac.id

Phone +62274-523926

Journal Mail Official jpti.faperta@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address Jalan Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55281

Location Kab. sleman, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Y. Andi Trisyono

Contact Email
anditrisyono@ugm.ac.id

Phone
+62274-523926

Journal Mail Official
jpti.faperta@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address
Jalan Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55281

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA