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INDONESIA
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14101637     EISSN : 25484788     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 516 Documents
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Elektron Mikroskopi dan Imunogenisitas Baculovirus oryctes Isolat Yogyakarta Y. B. Sumardiyono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 1, No 1 (1995)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (6147.914 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.9349

Abstract

Palm rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros) was infected per os with Yogyakarta isolate of Baculovirus oryctes in laboratory condition. Midguts of infected beetle obtained were then extracted for further nucleoprotein purification by centrifugation method. Electron microscopy studies on purified nucleoprotein revealed rod-shape viruses with rounded end measured 190×94 nm in average. One end of the particle showed tail-like structure. Antibodies against the virus were obtained by immunization to rabbit, and reacted against either purified virus or extract of infected beetle, but not against extract of healthy beetle. 
Uji Efektivitas Pestisida terhadap Beberapa Patogen Penyebab Penyakit Penting pada Buah Naga (Hylocereus sp.) secara In Vitro Ani Widiastuti; Wahyu Agustina; Arif Wibowo; Christanti Sumardiyono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 17, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (82.825 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.9828

Abstract

Problem caused by pathogen in Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus sp.) cultivation became very important because it decreased significantly the quantity and quality of the fruit production. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of some pesticides against pathogens that cause diseases of dragon fruit in several plantations in the DIY (Sleman and Kulon Progo) and Central Java (Magelang and Batang). Test of fungicide effectiveness was done in vitro on PDA medium (potato dextrose agar) by poisoned food technique. The fungicides were mancozeb 80 %, methyl tiofanat 70 %, copper hydroxide 80 %, chlorotalonil 75 %, mancozeb 64 % + metalaxyl 4 %, mancozeb karbendazim 73.8 % + 6.8 %,benomyl 50 % at a concentration of 1g/L. The bactericides used were streptomycin sulfate 20 % and oxytetracycline 150 AL with each concentration of 1 g/L and 1 mL /L. The results showed that benomyl 50 % was the most effective fungicide to suppress the growth of Fusarium sp. (brown spot), Colletotrichum sp. (anthracnose) and Pestalotiopsis sp. (scab), followed by mancozeb 73.8 % +karbendazim 6.8 % and 73.8 % mancozeb. Bactericide which was able to suppress the growth of Erwinia sp. (stem rot) was streptomycin sulfate 20 %. Gangguan patogen pada buah naga (Hylocereus sp.) saat ini menjadi masalah penting karena secara signifikan menurunkan kuantitas dan kualitas hasil panen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektivan beberapa pestisida terhadap patogen penyebab penyakit-penyakit penting pada tanaman buah naga yang ditanaman pada beberapa sentra pertanaman di Propinsi DIY (Sleman dan Kulon Progo) dan Jawa Tengah (Magelang dan Batang). Uji keefektivan pestisida dilakukan secara in vitro pada medium PDA (potato dextrose agar) dengan metode teknik makanan beracun (poisoned food technique). Fungisida yang dipergunakan adalah mankozeb 80%, tiofanat metil 70%, tembaga hidroksida 80%, klorotalonil 75%, mankozeb 64% + metalaksil 4%, mankozeb 73,8% + karbendazim 6,8%, benomil 50% dengan konsentrasi 1g/L, sedangkan bakterisida yang dipergunakan adalah streptomisin sulfat 20% dan oksitetrasiklin 150 AL dengan konsentrasi masing-masing 1 g/L dan 1 mL/L. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari enam jenis fungisida yang dipergunakan, benomil 50% merupakan fungisida yang paling efektif untuk menekan pertumbuhan Fusarium sp. (bercak cokelat), Colletotrichum sp. (antraknos), dan Pestalotiopsis sp. (kudis), diikuti oleh mankozeb 73,8% + karbendazim 6,8% serta mankozeb 73,8%. Untuk fungisida yang lain, efektifitasnya tidak terlalu tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol. Bakterisida yang mampu menekan perkembangan Erwinia sp. (busuk batang) adalah streptomisin sulfat 20%.
Pencemaran Tanah dan Air Tanah oleh Pestisida dan Cara Menanggulanginya Rachman Sutanto
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 7, No 1 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10015

Abstract

The large increase in the use of modern agricultural chemicals, including pesticides and fertilizers has made agriculture an important non-point source of soil and groundwater contamination. Nitrogen, heavy metals, and organic associated with pesticides are presumably the most common contaminants introduced into the environment by modern agricultural practices. The present and abundance of the chemical contaminants in the soil and underlying groundwater largely depends on their chemical species as well as the various physical, biological and chemical properties of the soil. Understanding these processes and interactions between the contaminants and soil constituents would be useful in identifying effective techniques to restore the soil and groundwater contaminated by modern agricultural practices and others modern society activities. When the level of these contaminants in the soil are such that the quality of the plants, food crops and the groundwater are being compromised, then remedial actions are necessary. Such remediation could include in situ technologies, including bioremediation or phytoremediation combined as well as agronomic-types approaches. The best strategy in reducing soil contamination is to reduce pollution at the source and to use best management practices, such as adopting the most appropriate land use for a given type of soil contamination.
Kajian Bioekologi Pasteuria penetrans Mulyadi Mulyadi; B. Triman; Bambang Rahayu TP
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 2, No 1 (1996)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (7627.048 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.9363

Abstract

In bioecological studies of P. penetrans, six experiments were done i.e. study the nematode hosts of P. penetrans; the effect of temperature, soil moisture, spores storage length, soil chemicals (compound  fertilizer, carbofuran, and mancozeb) and methods of application on the pathogenicity of P. penetrans. The research results are as follows:  (1) nematode hosts of P. penetrans are M. incognita, M. javanica, and M. graminicola; (2) temperature tested up to 100oC did not affect on the infectivity of P. penetrans; (3) the highest infectivity of P. penetrans was found on soil moisture 45% than on 0%-30%; (4) spores storage for one, two, and three year after effected the infectivity of P. penetrans; (5) treatment with carbofuran, mancozeb, and compound fertilizer did not affect on the infectivity of P. penetrans; and (6) the used of spores of P. penetrans in grounded tomato roots more effective than in soil and water suspension and more efficient than in soil.
Aktivitas Ngengat Scirpophaga incertulas di Wilayah Kabupaten Klaten Mohammad Yunus; Edhi Martono; Arman Wijonarko; RC Hidayat Soesilohadi
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 17, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (193.658 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.9389

Abstract

The activities of Scirpophaga incertulas adult from Klaten Regency were studied from April to November 2010. The purposes of this study were to observe the activity of moth after adult emergence, their flying activity, and eggs oviposition. Two hundred pupae were collected from the field, then incubated in the laboratory and observed every hour for 72 hours. Flying activity was observed every hour by counting the number of moths that were found in the light traps. This observation was replicated three times during the dark; from 6:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m. Oviposition activity of moths was observed by infesting twenty females of insect on the rice plants planted in the polybag and covered with plastic sheet. This oviposition activity was also observed every hour during the dark; from 6:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m. in order to get the number of egg-laying moths. The results showed that the emergence of S. incertulas moth was mainly from 2:00 to 4:00 a.m., the flying activity was detected mostly from 6:00 p.m. to 1:00 a.m., and the moths ovipositing activity was mainly occured from 7:00 to 11:00 p.m. In addition, we found that the intensity of light affected the number of moths coming into the light trap. The light exposed from the 23 Watt lamp (1,500 lumen) was twice more effective in attracting the moths than the 11 Watt lamp (700 lumen).
Kajian Keragaman Genetik Isolat Ralstonia solanacearum BIOVAR 3 menggunakan Penanda REP-PCR Yadi Suryadi
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 5, No 1 (1999)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.9957

Abstract

Study of DNA fingerprinting of genomic DNA of Australian Ralstonia solanacearum biovar 3 was characterized by a DNA BOX primer that correspond with repetitive sequence using PCR amplification (rep-PCR). Based on rep-PCR DNA profiles different band mobility were observed among Australian biovar 3. Most of isolates have shown common DNA amplification product at 600 bp. Cluster analysis to the DNA profiles showed two different DNA banding patterns that correlated with geographical origins of the isolates. Subgroup A correspond well with isolates from South Queensland/New South Wales, whilst subgroup B correspond with isolates from North Queensland origin.
Jenis-Jenis Tikus (Rodentia: Muridae) dan Pakan Alaminya di Daerah Pertanian Sekitar Hutan di Kabupaten Banggai, Sulawesi Tengah Bambang Agus Suripto; Aganto Seno; Sudarmaji Sudarmaji
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 8, No 1 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10108

Abstract

The species diversity of rats (Fam. Muridae) differs on each island in Indonesia. There are at least 16 genera of 41 species of rats in Sulawesi Island. Recently it has been reported that rats attack relatively new paddy field surrounding forest, but the identity of the species is still unknown. The objectives of this research are to assess the rat’s diversity and the guilds of rats living around the forest. The research was done in agricultural area surrounding forest in Siuna, foothill of Tompotika Mt, Banggai Regency, Central Sulawesi. Rats in the forest and coconut plantation were captured using Shermann traps, which were randomly situated. Rats in paddy field were captured by trap barrier system (TBS). Habitat condition and the presence of predators were recorded. All rat specimens were identified to their scientific names using Corbert & Hill (1992). Their stomach contents was put in 70% alcohol, taken 5 samples for each stomach, and analyzed under a microscope to determine their feed. The data were interpreted descriptively, which was emphasizing its potency as a pest. The result shows that there are 7 genera i.e. Bunomys, Maxomys, Taeromys, Paruromys, Tateomys, Mus, Rattus and 18 species of rats. Bunomys sp., B. penitus, B. prolatus, Maxomys sp., M. musschenbroekii, M. dollmani, Taeromys sp., T. callitrichus, T. celebensis, T. rhinogradoide, Paruromys ursinus, P. camurus, and P. dominator occupy the forest. B. heinrichi, B. prolatus, M. musschenbroekii, P. camurus, Mus musculus; and Rattus nitidus ocupy coconut plantation. R. argentiventer, R. exulans and R. nitidus occupies the paddy field. The stomach content examination shows that B. prolatus, M. musschenbroekii, R. exulans, R. nitidus, and T. rhinogradoide eat mostly animal materials, especially member of Phylum Arthropoda; R. argentiventer mostly eat plant material, especially member of Family Graminae (grass family). Unfortunately the stomach contents B. heinrichi, B. penitus, M. musculus, and T. callitrichus couldn’t identified since it was either empty and or severely damaged. The field data and literature study, suggest that R. argentiventer and R. exulans are pests or at least potential pests in the paddy field. B. heinrichi, B. penitus, B. prolatus, M. musschenbroekii, M. musculus, R. nitidus, and T. callitrichus are potential pests, since those species are basically omnivorous. However M. musculus prefers to eat grains. Meanwhile T. rhinogradoides is not potential to be a pest since it is carnivorous.
Various Stages of Pink Fungus (Upasia salmonicolor) in Java Ambarwati Harsojo Tjokrosoedarmo
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 1, No 1 (1995)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.9305

Abstract

Pink fungus in Java is classified as Upasia salmonicolor (Basidiomycetes: Corticiaceae) and its anamorph is Necator decretus. This fungus is a serious pathogen which attacks many woody plants. The pink fungus in Java exhibits five developmental stages on the surface of the host bark: I. An initial cobweb stage as thin, white, cobweb-like hyphal layer, which creeps over the surface of the bark, during which penetration of the host occurs; II. Pseudonodular stage, as conical white pustules occurring only on lenticels or cracks, and only on shady side of branches; III. Teleomorph, occurs as pink incrustation and pink pustules on shady side of branches; IV. Nodular stages, as globose white pustules occurring chiefly on intact bark, but also on the lenticels or cracks, on exposed side of branches; V. Anamorph, as small orange-red sporodochium, on exposed side of branches.
Pembiakan Massal Lyriomiza huidobrensis dengan Pakan Daun Kacang Babi (Vicia faba) Suputa Suputa; Edhi Martono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 4, No 1 (1998)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (10203.391 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.9885

Abstract

Mass rearing of Lyriomiza huidobrensis, a relatively new leaf miner known to attack potato, was done by using Vicia faba leaf as feed. The leaf miner was able to survive well on this feed, which in the field provide the larvae with alternative host. Result of the rearing was as follows: egg stadium, 4–5 days; larval stadium, 8–9 days; pupal stadium, 12–14 days; male adult longevity, 7–32 days; female adult longevity, 13–41 days. The number of eggs deposited by an average female varied between 114 to 592, with viability of 69.93 to 97.78%, and an average daily deposit of 8–25 eggs. The most important environmental factor in this mass rearing is temperature.
Pemurnian dan Karakterisasi Enzim Endokitinase dari Agen Pengendali Hayati Trichoderma reesei Harjono Harjono; S. M. Widyastuti; S. Margino
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 7, No 2 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (9594.734 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.10074

Abstract

This experiment was aimed to purify and characterize the endochitinase of Trichoderma reesei. Extracellular endochitinase was produced by T. reesei strain T13, a fungal biocontrol agent in colloidal chitin medium as sole carbon source. The enzyme was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, followed by gel filtration chromatography and chromatofocusing. The results showed that T. reesei produced endochitinase with molecular weight of 32 kDa and the activity was optimum at pH of 5,5 and temperature of 30 to 35oC.

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