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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
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Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)" : 12 Documents clear
Assessment of vegetative Phenology with respect to leaf elongation pattern of Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata in Hajambro creek, Indus delta, Pakistan Zafar Farooqui; Pirzada Jamal Siddiqui
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
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Abstract

Leaves emergence and the rate of elongation have been studied in Hajambro creek in Indus deltaic region, Pakistan. Leaves emergence was found higher during the summer months (mostly pre-monsoon period), that was March April, May and June. Leaves of A. marina that were observed from March to July, till the leaves reached their maximum length (about 77 mm), showed a gradual increase in their length, reaching maximum in April. Leaves of Avicennia marina reached their maximum length (about 77 mm) in about 113 days. The leaves showed gradual increase in their length, reaching maximum in April (0.97mm d-1). The per-day increment in length was 0.54 mm d-1. As reaching their maximum length (77mm), the per-day increment in the length gradually slower down. The leaves of Rhizophora mucronata were observed from February to November. The leaves of Rhizophora mucronata showed elongation rate of 0.24 mm d-1 from the day of the first observation till the leaves reached their maximum length (120 mm). The maximum time required by the leaves to reach their maximum length (120 mm) was 236 days. The rates of elongation of leaves are also fast in summer. The rate of elongation of the leaves was found to be highly correlated with the temperature (p
Toll Like Receptor 4 (Tlr4) And p65 Nuclear Factor Kappa B (Nf-Kb) Expression In Monocyte Cell Of Children With Steroid Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome Tikto Wahyono; Krisni Subandiyah; Loeki Enggar Fitri; Agustina Tri Endharti
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
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This study aimed to prove the difference of TLR4 and subunit p65NF-kB expression between children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) and those with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) and to find out the correlation between expression of TLR4 and p65NF-kB on children with SRNS. Twenty three patients of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome patients (INS) were enrolled in this study and classified into two groups—those with SSNS (11 patients) and SRNS (12 patients). Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC) isolation was performed, taken from 5 ml patients blood samples, followed by monocyte isolation of PMBC using monocyte culture. Examination of TLR4 and p65 NF-kB expression from monocyte's cells culture was performed using flow cytometry. All data were processed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 15) for Windows. From 11 patients that were classified into SSNS group, 81.8% having good nutritional status and 18.2% comprising undernourished status compared to 12 patients of the SRNS group, in which 6 accounting for 41.7% having good nutritional status, 50% having undernourished status and 8.3% having malnourishment status. The average age is 7.59 ± 3.52 and six years old is the highest age studied. Based on normality tests using Shapiro-Wilk, variables of TLR4 have p value of 0.620 and p65 NF-kB have p value of 0.027, showing that the data of TLR4 was distributed normally but p65 NF-kB data was not distributed normally. The test on TLR4 data variation using Levene Test showed its significance value of p was 0.318, meaning that the data was homogeneous. Using unpaired t-test, the differences of TLR4 expression between SSNS and SRNS was significant (p=0.012), while using Mann-Whitney test, the differences of p65 NF-kB expression between SSNS and SRNS showed an insignificant correlation (p=0.880). Pearson correlation test between the expression of TLR4 and p65 NF-kB showed no significant correlation (p=0.472), while Spearman correlation test to see the relationship between expression of TLR4 and SRNS produced correlation value of 0.512 and its importance p value was 0.013 (p
The Effect of Different Orthodontic Force on MMP 9 Expression in a Rat Diabetic Model Hafiedz Maulana; Nuzulul Hikmah; Amandia Dewi permana Shita; Nur Permatasari; Sri Widyarti
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
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Orthodontic forces produce alveolar bone and periodontal ligament remodeling that cause tooth movement. Diabetes can increase tissue damage and, therefore, contributes to the process of orthodontic tooth movement. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of differently orthodontic forces on the expression of MMP nine in rat diabetic model. Twenty four male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of control and three groups of treatment streptozotocin-induced diabetes with stratified doses. Application of orthodontic appliance was performed with different forces (10, 20 and 30 grF). Orthodontic appliance was performed on both upper incisors. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis was used to observe the expression of MMP 9 and HE (Hematoxylen Eosin) staining to observe the number of fibroblasts. Statistical analysis was carried out using t-test and Spearman correlation analysis to determine the difference of MMP nine expression and number of fibroblasts between groups, and determine the correlation of both. The results showed an increased expression of MMP 9 and decreased of fibroblasts number in diabetic rats, along with increasing magnitude of orthodontic forces. The different orthodontic forces given to diabetic rats affect the expression of MMP 9 and the number of fibroblasts, in which the expression of MMP 9 increased along with the increase of orthodontic forces, both at pressure and tension sides.
Dose Optimization of Calcusolâ„¢ and Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate (COM) on Primary Renal Epithelial Cells Cultures of Mice (Mus musculus) Ahmad Soni; Muhammad Sasmito Djati; Sri Widyarti
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
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Kidney stones are one of the urologic diseases that have plagued mankind for centuries. The main constituents of stones in the kidney are calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals. Nowadays, there are varieties of drugs and treatments that can be made to minimize the grievances due to kidney stone disease. The treatment can be done either by using chemicals or traditional medicine. Calcusolâ„¢ is one of the popular herbal products that have been used by Indonesian people in curing the kidney stone disease. The main constituent that was contained in Calcusolâ„¢ is an extract of the tempuyung leaves (Sonchus arvensis L.), which is expected could cure the kidney stone disease. This study used primary cultured renal epithelial cells of mice to determine the optimal dose of Calcusol and the optimal dose of COM. The primary Kidney epithelial cell were treated with Calcusolâ„¢ and COM at various doses. The analysis of the cell death either by necrosis or apoptosis pathways was analyzed by flow cytometric analysis. The results that were obtained is the percentage of cell death that is then analyzed by using a complete randomized design (CRD) One Way Anova. Based on the results that were obtained, it is known that the optimal dose of Calcusolâ„¢ in vitro were ranging from 75 ppm to 100 ppm, whereas the optimal dose of COM suggested for 500 ppm.
Excess Fibrin Deposits Decrease Fetal Weight of Pregnant Mice Infected by Plasmodium berghei Desy Andari; Zainabur Rahma; Yuliyanik yuliyanik; Sujarot Dwi Sasmito; Karyono Mintaroem; Loeki Enggar Fitri
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
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Low birth weight is commonly attributed to malaria in pregnancy, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie this poor birth outcome are incompletely understood. A universally described histopathological feature of placental malaria is excessive deposition of fibrin, the end-product of the coagulation cascade. This study was conducted to compare fibrin deposit in pregnant mice that infected by Plasmodium berghei (treatment group) to the normal pregnant mice (control group) and its association with fetal weight. This research is in vivo experimental laboratory study that used 18 pregnant Balb/c mice which divided to the control the group (8 mice) and treatment group (9 mice infected by P.berghei). Placentas were staining with Haematoxylin-Eosin (HE) for fibrin deposits examination whereas fetal weight was performed with Mettler analytical balance AE 50. Fetal weight of the treatment group was lower than those of the control group (t test, p=0,002). Fibrin deposits were increased in the treatment group (t test, p=0,005) and influenced weight of fetuses (Spearman r=-0,586, p=0,014). Weights of fetuses are interfered by fibrin deposits during malaria infection.
The Correlation between Serum Concentration of Vitamin D with Vitamin D Receptor Expression and Disease Activity in Indonesian Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Preliminary Study Kusworini Handono; Laksmi Karunia Tanuwijaya; Loeki Enggar Fitri; Handono Kalim
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
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The vitamin D role on the immune response of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patient is mediated by vitamin D receptor (VDR). Low level of vitamin D correlated with disease activity in SLE patients, and circulating levels of activated vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) contribute to VDR protein levels and its function. The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between vitamin D status with expression of VDR in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and the disease activity in SLE patients. The Research Subjects were 15 SLE patients (ACR 1997 criteria) from the Rheumato-Immunology Division, dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang and 5 healthy controls. Serum vitamin D (25(OH)D3) level was assessed using ELISA method. VDR expression in PBMC was assessed using immunocytochemistry technique. The disease activity was measured by Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score. This study showed no difference on VDR expression in PBMC between patient and healthy control group, but patient with vitamin D deficiency had lower VDR expression in PBMC than the other group. No difference on SLEDAI score between the group. Vitamin D status correlated positively with VDR expression in PBMC (p < 0,035, r = 0,473). However vitamin D status did not correlate with disease activity scores (p = 0,686).
Organic Agroedu-Tourism Attractions Toward An Interesting Outdoor Environmental Education To Junior High School Students Ayu Raisa Khairun Nisa'; Setijono Samino; Endang Arisoesilaningsih
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate two organic agroedu-tourism attractions developed to 42 students of eight graders of three junior high schools in the village and one school in the city. Organic agroedu-tourism offers two tour programs namely Organic Garden Tour and Organic Farming Technology. Appreciations of the participants were determined by pre and post test after joining the organic agroedu-tourism. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. This study shows that 78.6 % of the participants prefer the Organic Garden Tour and 21.4% find that the Organic Farming Technology is better. Organic agroedu-tourism can improve cognitive aspect of participants from score 1 turned into 3. Most participants had a high interest in joining the organic egroedu-tourism. Organic agroedu-tourism is also able to meet the expectations of participants that are indicated by an increase in the skills and experience of participants from score 2 to 5. Satisfaction of the participants can also be assessed from the high appreciation average before and after joining Organic agroedu-tourism, which are score 4. The appreciation of the participant is shown by their willingness to invite other people to join. Factors affecting participants satisfaction were family background, socio-economy background, personal perception and knowledge. Based on the result, organic agroedu-tourism shows strength to develop the participants understanding, knowledge and skills in integrated organic farming system, even though not all participants are interested to join all programs provided. Farmer groups need to improve the quality of organic agroedu-tourism, for example, completing the facilities and agreed on tourism attractions, enhancing farmers skills as tour guide, providing organic agroedu-tourism program relevant to the school curriculum, and promoting it to public.
Morphological Variation of Six Pigmented Rice Local Varieties Grown in Organic Rice Field at Sengguruh Village, Kepanjen Subdistrict, Malang District Shinta Shinta; Serafinah Indriyani; Endang Arisoesilaningsih
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
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Indonesia is the third richest country for pigmented rice source. Morphological character of pigmented rice in Indonesia is less reported since recent publications and descriptions of pigmented rice are only limited to black rice of Cempo Ireng variety and red rice of Aek Sibundong variety. Pigmented rice varieties in Indonesia are cultivated in an organic way. These varieties are Wojalaka black rice of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), Manggarai of NTT, Toraja of South Sulawesi, Cempo Ireng of Central Java and red rice of Aek Sibundong (leading variety) and Baubau of Southeast Sulawesi. The objective of research was to compare the morphological variation of root, stem, leaf, panicle, floret and the colour of milk mature grain and mature grain by observing the vegetative and generative parts of six local rice varieties. Research had been conducted from February 2012 to February 2014 in Sengguruh Village, Kepanjen District, Malang Regency. This study type was quasi-experiment with eleven replications. Group Random Design was used. The observation was given upon vegetative, reproductive and maturity phases as groups. Independent variables in this research were six rice varieties, while the dependent variable was morphological variation (root, stem, leaf, panicle, floret, milk mature grain and mature grain). The data of morphological variation were tabulated through MS Excel 2007 for windows. Descriptive data analysis was used to determine the average rate and the deviation standard of each variable. Data were analyzed by ANOVA at a cut off value of &alpha; of 0.05. It was followed by HSD Tukey Test facilitated by SPSS 16.0. The analysis of multivariate data in cluster and biplot was carried out with PAST. The result of the study indicated that there was morphological difference on stem, leaf, panicle, floret, milk mature grain and mature grain. The colour of the stem in Aek Sibundong variety was purple, while that of other varieties was green. Toraja and Manggarai varieties had the highest height with 163-168 cm, followed by Cempo Ireng with 139 cm, Wojalaka and Baubau with 110-112 cm. Aek Sibundong Variety had the lowest height with 99 cm. Aek Sibundong and Wojalaka varieties had 6-7 internodes which were the greatest number of internode, while other varieties only had 4-5 internodes. Some varieties, such as Aek Sibundong, Wojalaka and Baubau had short and small leaf. The leaflet angle of Aek Sibundong and Baubau were 140 and it might be said as upright, while that of Wojalaka was 430 or moderate. Cempo Ireng, Manggarai and Toraja had its 63-880 of the leaflet angle or it was said as flat. Cempo Ireng and Wojalaka were included into Rice Indica Group while Toraja, Manggarai, Cempo Ireng and Baubau belonged to Rice Javanica Group. There were two morphological groups. Group 1 included Toraja, Manggarai and Cempo Ireng, while Group 2 consisted of Aek Sibundong, Baubau and Wojalaka.
The Correlation Between IL-1β and IL-10 Levels in Estimating The Risk of Febrile Seizures Andi Gunawan; M Muid; Hidayat Suyudi; Barlianto wisnu; Krisni Subandiyah
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
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Febrile seizures are the most common forms of seizures in children with fever. A data from clinical and experimental studies suggest the potential role of immune generate products in their genesis. The balance between proinflammatory (IL-1β) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines influences the regulation of infections and plays a role in the pathogenesis of febrile seizures. In existing literature, there is no research on the correlation between IL-1β and IL-10 levels as well as the ratio of IL-1β to IL-10 in estimating the risk of febrile seizures in seizure prone children aged between 3 months and 5 years. In this study, IL-1β, IL-10 levels and ratio of IL-1β to IL-10 in the risk of febrile seizures were investigated, and respondents were divided into three groups: febrile seizures, febrile without seizures and healthy children without histories of febrile seizure. This study has used A cross-sectional design, and each group had 17 co-respondents. IL-1β and IL-10 levels were measured by ELISA. Data were analyzed by SPSS 15. Findings showed there were significant differences between IL-1β and IL-10 as well as in the ratio of IL-1β to IL-10 between febrile seizure patients and healthy children. It was concluded that there were significant correlations between IL-1β and IL-10 levels as well as IL-1β to IL-10 ratios in estimating the risk of febrile seizures.
Pharmacognostic Investigation of Clerodendrum phlomidis Linn. f. Root Dinesh Kumar; Ajay Kumar; Om Prakash
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
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The present study was aimed to perform the pharmacognostic evaluation of Clerodendrum phlomidis Linn. f. root in terms of organoleptic, macro-microscopy, fluorescence analysis and physicochemical parameters. The characteristic macroscopic features showed that the root consists of 7-15 cm long, 0.2 -3.0 cm thick pieces which are cylindrical, tough and yellowish-brown externally, with hard fracture and slightly astringent taste. The main microscopic characters of the root shows exfoliating cork, having 10-15 rows of tangentially elongated, thick-walled cells. Cortex consists of round to oval parenchymatous cells, a few containing rhomboidal shaped calcium oxalate crystals. Endodermis consists of 3-4 layers of non-lignified, thick-walled rounded parenchymatous cells followed by a single pericyclic layer. Phloem consists of isodiametric, thin-walled, parenchymatous cells whereas xylem contains lignified pitted vessels. Medullary rays consisting of biseriate layer of lignified and radially elongated parenchymatous cells, is narrower in the xylem region while wider in the phloem region. Further, physicochemical analysis of the root power reports total ash, water soluble ash, sulphated ash as 7.8, 0.9 and 10.3 % w/w respectively. Successive extraction of the root powder with petroleum ether, chloroform, alcohol, water yielded 2.2, 2.4, 12.4 and 9.6 % w/w extracts respectively. Fluorescence study imparted characteristic colours to the root powder when observed under visible, short and long wavelength light. Various pharmacognostic parameters evaluated in this study helps in botanical identification and standardization of Clerodendrum phlomidis L. root part in crude form and provide the authentic data for the researchers and scientists involved in carrying out further research on this plant part.

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