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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 986 Documents
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Reinstatement and Lectotypification of Memecylon deccanense (Melastomataceae): An Endemic Species of the Western Ghats, India. Santhosh Kumar; R Raj Vikraman; Shailajakumari S; P K Suresh Kumar; R S Sreelekshmy
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 10 No. 3 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.10.03.01

Abstract

As part of the ex-situ conservation of the wild ornamental plants at JNTBGRI, several species of Memecylon were collected and introduced from the Western Ghats. While working on the taxonomy of the collected plants, it was found that a well defined species Memecylon deccanense C.B.Clarke  has been reduced recently to the synonym of M.heyneanum Benth. ex Wight & Arn. A detailed study by relevant literature, live and herbarium specimens, and type specimens housed at different herbaria, it is reinstated as a distinct species and a lectotype is designated here. Relevant photographs and images of type specimens of M.deccanense and M.heyneanum also provided to facilitate its easy identification.
A checklist of Zingiberaceae species from Mt. Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary, Davao Oriental, Philippines Mark Arcebal Kling Naive
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 11 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.11.01.14

Abstract

Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary is a center of botanical diversity throughout the Philippine archipelago. However, as to how many Zingiberaceae species are present in the area is still unknown. Thus, floristic surveys were made and collections were conducted from July 2016 to September 2018. In total, 16 species belonging to eight genera representing three tribes of the family were recorded. The most species rich tribe belongs to Alpinieae with 13 species in 5 genera. This study presents a checklist of Zingiberaceae species found in the sanctuary which is beneficial for its efficient biological resource mangement. 
Optimization of Culture Conditions for Growth of Marine Phytoplankton Kunguma Kannika Maharajan; Panneerselvam Karthikeyan; Shambanagouda Rudragouda Marigoudar; Krishna Venkatarama Sharma; Kasthuri Revathi
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 10 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.10.01.10

Abstract

The present study investigated the optimum levels of ambient temperature, salinity and light intensity for the growth of marine diatoms and microalgae. The marine diatoms Thalassiosira subtilis, Entomoneis paludosa and microalgae Isochrysis galbana were optimized for the growth. Subcultures were prepared in filtered natural seawater enriched with f/2 media for diatoms and Conway media for I.galbana. Cultures were grown under three different levels of three parameters consists of 27 combinations in 96 well plates. Ten replicates of cultures were maintained for each combination of ambient levels. The algal density was determined by spectrometric absorbance of culture at 680 nm. Likewise, the growth was estimated from the rate of increase in the absorbance values over a period of time. The durations of growth differed between the species. The I.galbana was grown for prolonged culture duration up to 15 days followed by E.paludosa with 12 days and T.subtilis with 8 days. Levels of ambient temperature and light intensity are the driving parameters for optimum growth of the species studied while the optimum salinity of 30 psu was observed for all species.Ambient levels of 28 °C, 30 psu and 2500 lux were found optimum for the growth of T. subtilis and E.paludosa attained its optimum growth at 24 °C, 30 psu and 2500 lux. The higher light intensity (4500 lux) hasenhanced the growth of I.galbanaalong with 24 °C of temperature and 30 psu of salinity.
Promegranate Peel as Prophylactic Agent of Rheumatoid Arthritis : Study on MMP-9, IL-6, TNF- α, and Arthritic Score of Rheumatoid-arthritic Rats Doti Wahyuningsih; Annisa Amilia; Meilano Setiawan Amiruddin; Asri Cahyaningrum; Laili Cinthianur Kurniasari
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 10 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.10.01.08

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a joint disease, chronically cause permanent joint impairment leading to inability of daily life activities. Early diagnosis and preven-tive managements of RA are recommended to overcome the disease. The current drugs provide benefits for RA patients, unfortunately could not be used for long period and as prevention agents, due to the adverse effects.  Even though clinical and laboratory studies of pomegranate for osteoarthritis and RA had been done, the effects of the pomegranate peel on MMP-9, TNF-α, and IL-6 of RA are still unrevealed. TNF-α promotes inflammation process in RA and collaborates with osteoclasts to trigger osteoporosis. IL-6 shows negative effect on osteoblasts dif-ferentiation and MMP-9 stimulates cartilage degradation and inflammation mediat-ed by synovial fibroblast. This study measured TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-9, and arthri-tis score (AS) of RA rats treated with ethanolic extract of pomegranate peel (EPP) to evaluate its potency as a RA prevention agent. Male Lewis rats (three groups, five each), 200 g, received 80 mg, 160 mg, and 320 mg of EPP/rat respectively, in alternate day, within 60 days. On the 30th day, the rats were subcutaneously in-jected with 0,1 ml mycobacterium-complete Freund’s adjuvant (1 mg/mL) on plan-tar of the right hind paws to induce RA. Serum IL-6 and TNF-α were determined by ELISA.  Immunohistochemistry processed-synovial MMP-9 slices of ankle joints were evaluated by light microscope (400× magnification).  Arthritis score of Smit was used to determined AS. Data were analyzed by Kruskall Wallis, Mann Whitney U, and Pearson correlation test. p < 0.05 was significant. The EPP of 320 mg corrected serum TNF-α and IL-6, and synovial MMP-9 of RA rats (p < 0.05). No significant change was observed in arthritic score following the EPP treatment (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the results indicate the EPP may potential to be devel-oped as preventive agent of rheumatoid arthritis.
A Comparative Genomics Pipeline for In Silico Characterization and Functional Annotation of Short Hypothetical Proteins Soumyajit Guha; Shuvam Das; Sayak Ganguli
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 10 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.10.02.06

Abstract

Hypothetical proteins are the proteins whose existence has been anticipated, but for which there are certain scarcities of experimental evidences about its structure, function or linkage to any known genes. Sequencing of several genomes has resulted in numerous predicted open reading frames to which structure or function(s) cannot be readily assigned and sometimes they can make up a significant portion of a genome. In this study, we designed a pipeline for the study and efficient functional annotation of short hypothetical proteins (only which were < 400 amino acids) comparing two case studies, using amino acid sequence informations retrieved from two different protein databases. The investigation and in-silico analysis of likely functional aspects of hypothetical proteins were performed employing various computational methods and tools based on sequence similarity, identification of targeting signals, presence of known protein domains, physicochemical characterization, etc. Our annotation pipeline was able to annotate 90 hypothetical proteins out of 100 compared to evolutionary genealogy of genes: Non-supervised Orthologous Groups (eggNOG) databases' annotation of 82 proteins, which is about 8% more compared to eggNOG for case study 1 and 78 hypothetical proteins out of 96 compared to eggNOG’s annotation of 58 proteins, which is about 20.83% more compared to eggNOG for case study 2. It was also seen that some hypothetical proteins had a high aliphatic index, indicating higher thermostability in extreme environments. From this study subcellular localization involving cytoplasmic proteins and membrane proteins were also predicted with higher accuracies than other proteins. Hypothetical proteins can provide an insight of different unknown structures and functions of proteins and can be an important area for further research.
Length Weight Relationship and Relative Condition Factor Study in Sahyadria chalakkudiensis Inhabiting Western Ghat River Systems of South India Anju Pulapparambil; Mini Sekharan Nirichan; Harikrishnan Mahadevan; Sariga Palacode Karuppaswamy
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 10 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/10.01.09

Abstract

A trend on unethical and unsustainable use of resources to meet the high demand in the trade of indigenous ornamental fishes is widespread. This increased exploitation calls for regulation. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), an apex body having a central role in regulating the trade of any living organisms including indigenous ornamental fishes and preventing the species from being left as extinct. To enlist a species in trade by CITES, formulation of baseline data on its biology, population size, length-weight relations, condition factor, and habitat ecology are necessary. This paper looks into one such consideration on Sahyadria chalakkudiensis inhabiting Western Ghat rivers of Kerala. The length-weight relationships in respect of males and females inhabiting Chalakudy river are expressed as LogW = -3.800 + 2.43 LogL and LogW = -4.333 + 2.69 LogL while the same in males and females inhabiting Pooyamkutty river are LogW = -4.545 + 2.76 LogL and LogW = -5.290 + 3.12 LogL respectively .There is a regular seasonal cycle in relative condition factor with a peak in August (Kn=1.33; Chalakudy population) and September (Kn = 1.15; Pooyamkutty population).The results indicated that management of stock of S. chalakkudiensis is very essential to ensure sustainability of its trade.
A Review of Pharmaceutical Recombinant Proteins and Gene Transformation Approaches in Transgenic Poultry Sepideh Fallahi; Reza Mohammadhassan
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 10 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.10.02.09

Abstract

Transgenic animals are employed to synthesize pharmaceutical recombinant proteins for three decades.  There are many problems to use farm mammalian animals for recombinant production such as high cost of production and maintenance, long generation interval, toxic effects of some human-source pharmaceutical proteins in other mammalian and incompatibility of human-source glycosylation with the other mammalian' glycosylation that all lead to low efficiency. Thus, transgenic poultry has been considered as the bioreactor of recombinant protein production. Increasing demand for pharmaceutical human proteins caused to make considerable efforts to develop transgenic poultry producing eggs contain recombinant protein. In the present review, at the first, transgenic animal and poultry are compared for their benefits and limitations. Then, the protein content of the egg, the features, gene and promoter of the egg are studied. After that, the recent achievements of the producing pharmaceutical recombinant proteins are considered. In the following, there are some explanations about gene transformation approaches in poultry, including sperm-, testis-, PGCs, and blastocyst-mediated methods depending on CRISPR/Cas9, Retroviral vectors, and DNA microinjection techniques, and embryonic manipulation approaches such as windowing and Ex ovo for introducing and injecting transformed cells into eggs.
Antibacterial Screening of Mangrove Extract Library Showed Potential Activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus Kholis Abdurachim Audah; Razethy Batubara; Julkipli Julkipli; Elza Wijaya; Evi Kurniawaty; Irmanida Batubara
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 10 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.10.02.03

Abstract

Humans are at a continuous battle against different types of diseases, so that extraordinary effort to accelerate drug discovery has become a necessity. Indonesian biodiversity is abundant natural resources that can be utilized as potential drug sources. Mangroves are among potential plant medicines that grow nearly at all Indonesian coastlines. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of mangrove extracts (extract library) as antibacterial agents. In this study, eight mangroves species with 16 samples from different parts of the plants such as leaf, bark or root were collected. Four types of solvents with different polarity, namely water, ethanol, ethyl acetate and hexane were used in maceration of samples producing 64 extracts. Disk diffusion method was used for antibacterial screening using five bacterial strains. There were 37 extracts showed antibacterial potential with the lowest and the highest inhibition indexes were 0.0283 and 1.8983, respectively. The highest inhibition index was recorded for ethyl acetate extract of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza root (BgR (Ea)) against Escherichia coli. The second highest inhibition index was 0.7867 recorded water extract of Avicennia marina leaf (AmL (A)) against Staphylococcus aureus. Almost all of extract showed saponin and tannin in considerable amount. This supported the data that mangrove extracts were potential as antibacterial agents.
Species Richness and Endemism of Zingiberaceae in Cinchona Forest Reserve, Lantapan, Bukidnon, Philippines John Austin Lennox Faro Jayme; Noe Polo Mendez; Rainear Auxtero Mendez; Daniel F Somera; Alma B Mohagan
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 10 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.10.02.10

Abstract

This study was carried out to provide information on species richness and endemism of Zingiberaceae in Cinchona Forest Reserve, Kaatuan, Lantapan, Bukidnon, Philippines. Transect walks, opportunistic sampling and collection within the sampling quadrats were conducted along established forest trails to collect ginger species. A total of 11 species of Zingiberaceae were documented belonging to two subfamilies (Alpinioideae and Zingiberoideae) and three tribes (Alpinieae, Hedychieae, and Zingibereae). The species recorded include Adelmeria alpina Elmer, Alpinia haenkei C.Presl, A. rufa C.Presl, Etlingera fimbriobracteata (K.Schum.) R.M.Sm., E. pubimarginata (Elmer) A.D.Poulsen, Hedychium philippinense K.Schum., Hornstedtia conoidea Ridl., H. lophophora Ridl., Meistera muricarpa (Elmer) Škorničk. & M.F.Newman, Zingiber banahaoense Mood & Theilade, and Zingiber sp. Of these, H. philippinense is the only threatened species recorded. All species are endemic to the Philippines except for E. fimbriobracteata which is native to Borneo and Zingiber sp. which is unidentified to the species level. These species represent 41% of the total genera and 9% of the total species of Zingiberaceae in the Philippines. The high endemicity (82%) in the total collected species in this study and the presence of a threatened species in this area calls for protection and conservation by the stakeholders.
Effect of essential oils on seed borne Fusarium sp., and seed quality of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) K GIRISH; Chaithra T S; Syeda Kousar Fathima
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 11 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.11.01.13

Abstract

Sesame is as an important oilseed crop and seed borne fungi are reducing the yield as well as quality of the seeds produced. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of essential oils for control of seed borne fungi as well as enhancement of seed quality of sesame. Fusarium sp., was isolated from sesame seeds by agar plate method. Four essential oils such as camphor oil, cinnamon oil, clove oil and rose oil were screened for their antifungal potential against the isolated Fusarium sp., by poisoned food method. Selected essential oils were tested at different concentrations of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm concentrations for their ability to inhibit the mycelial growth of test fungi. All the oils completely inhibited the mycelial growth of test fungi at 500 ppm concentration. The effect of selected essential oils on sesame seed quality was analyzed by standard blotter method. All the four oils increased the germination percentage and seed vigour while the fungal infection was completely inhibited without any phytotoxic effects. These results observed of the essential oils indicate the possible usage of them for the sesame seed treatment following further investigations.

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