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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,001 Documents
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The Use of Natural Phenomenon in Obtaining Pregnant Rats and Mice as Experimental Animals with The Same Gestational Ages Teguh Wahju Sardjono; Harry Kurniawan Gondo; Rivo Yudhinata Brian Nugraha; Anisa Tiara Putri; Meyland Citra Oktri Sienty Effendy
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 9 No. 3 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Hormonal oestrus synchronization is often used to obtain the same gestational ages animal models, but it may not physiologic nor practical. This research was conducted to find out a simple method in obtaining physiologic pregnant experimental animals. We used 120 female rats and mice each, divided into 16 groups with 15 members each. They were classified according to the state of parities, pair or group mating, and synchronization of oestrous. The estrous synchronization is done by utilizing the natural phenomenon (Lee-Boot, Pheromone, and Whitten effect). All nulliparous and multiparous models then were simultaneously mated for one night in pairs (1:1) or in groups (1:5) subsequently. Pregnancy rates were noted based on the number of models delivering pups on day 19-23 post-mating. The highest pregnancy rate was noted in group of multiparous, synchronized and monogamous rats (86.7%), followed by nulliparous, synchronized and monogamous rats (73.3%) and multiparous, synchronized and monogamous mice (60%) (p<0.05). Synchronization of the estrous and monogamous mating of rats or mice had significant roles in pregnancy rates (p<0.05). To get a high number of pregnant rats or mice models, we suggest to use the multiparous, estrous synchronized and monogamous simultaneous mating within one night.
Malondialdehyde (MDA) Ovary and Estradiol Blood Serum Levels of Premenopause White Rat (Rattus norvegicus) after Turmeric Powder (Curcuma longa L.) Treatment Teguh Suprihatin; Sri Widyarti; Muhaimin Rifa'i; Sri Rahayu
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 9 No. 3 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Premenopause is a physiological condition in a female individual that has entered the aging period, a condition usually characterized by elevated MDA levels and decreased estrogen levels. The objective of this study was to determine the level of ovarian MDA and estradiol serum levels of premenopausal white rat blood after oral turmeric powder treatment. The animals used were 30 female Wistar strains white rat, age 12 months with an average body weight 200-250 g. The animals were divided into 6 groups, namely the negative control group (P0) with 4 ml/day distilled water treatment; positive control group (P1), this group was treated with pure curcumin powder 6.75 mg/kg BW; treatment group 1 (P2), group was treated with turmeric powder 100 mg/kg BW; treatment group 2 (P3); treatment group 3 (P4); and treatment group 4 (P5), these group were treated with turmeric powder at 200 mg/kg BW; 400 mg/kg BW; and 800 mg/kg BW dose respectively. Oral Treatment was administered daily for 27 days. Blood collection was performed on days 0, 14, and 28. The ovarian collection was conducted on day 28. MDA ovarian level was measured using TBA method and blood serum estradiol level was measured using ELISA method. The results exhibited that the positive control group (P1) and the treatment group (P2-P5) showed significantly lower ovarian MDA levels compared with the negative control group (P0). The turmeric powder dose 200 mg/kg BW (P3) can increase estradiol levels by day 14 (3.32 ± 0.26 ρg/mL) and at day 28 (4.01 ± 0.26 ρg/mL).
Fingerprint pattern of major ethnic groups among students of Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University Lapai, Nigeria Mohammed Chado Isah; Alfa Maali Muhammed; Fatima Isah Yabagi; Safiya Yunusa Mohammed
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 10 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

This study is aimed at identifying fingerprint pattern of major ethnic groups among the students of Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University (IBBU) Lapai, which can be helpful in resource management for Niger State of Nigeria. The students were grouped into Nupe, Gwari, Kambari and Non-Nigerlites. Occasions for specific ethnic groups were target for data collection which exclude exclusion criteria. The types of finger print patterns considered include Ulnar Loop, Radial Loop, Plain Arch, Tented Arch and Accidental Whorl, Plain Whorl, Double Loop Whorl and Central Pocket Whorl. The respondents’ fingerprints were collected using inked stamp pad, printed onto designated potions on coded paper. The data collected were represented in percentage occurrence of the fingerprint patterns for each group. Ulnar Loop was the commonest fingerprint pattern among the students of IBBU Lapai. Also common to the groups of the students are absence of Double Loop Whorl on the right ring finger, left and right little fingers as well as Tented Arch not on the right Thumb of the students. The finger print marker for the groups were absence of Double Loop Whorl on the right ring finger and absence of Tented Arch on the left Thumb of Nupe, absence of Double Loop Whorl on the left index fingers of Gwari, Tented Arch not on left and right little fingers of Kambari speaking people studying in IBBU Lapai, those of the Non-Nigerlite students of IBBU Lapai lack Tented Arch on all their fingers and Double Loop Whorl not on the right index finger.
Anti-Apoptotic Activity of Anthocyanins has Potential to inhibit Caspase-3 Signaling Dewi Ratih Tirto Sari; Anna Safitri; James Robert Ketudat Cairns; Fatchiyah Fatchiyah
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 10 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.10.01.03

Abstract

Caspase-3 is a biochemical marker for cell apoptosis. Several studies focused on exploring caspase inhibitor potential in natural compounds. Hence, in this study investigated the anthocyanins as anti-apoptotic potential activity through caspase-3 using molecular docking. Six types of anthocyanin were retrieved from PubChem database and caspase-3 protein was downloaded from Protein Data Bank. Anthocyanins and caspase-3 protein were docked using HEX 8.0 program and visualized using Discovery Studio 4.1 software. The interaction among cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside, peonidin-3-O-glucoside and petunidin-3-O-glucoside showed similar binding pattern on caspase-3 protein. All of them bind to BIR2 region and allosteric site of caspase-3, which are a crucial site for apoptosis regulation. Interestingly, malvidin-3-O-glucoside also interacted with caspase-3 in BIR1, BIR2 and BIR3 regions. In addition, anthocyanins-caspase-3 complex showed low energy and demonstrated several hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions and van der Waals interactions, which indicated stable interaction. This study implies that all anthocyanins have potential as inhibitor of caspase-3 protein and might have potential as anti-apoptosis. Further in-vitro and in-vivo studies are need to confirm this experimental.
The DNA Sequence Encoding Actin (ACT1) of Pandan (Benstonea sp.) Dewi Indriyani Roslim; Herman Herman
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 9 No. 3 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.09.03.06

Abstract

One of housekeeping genes is actin gene. This gene is frequently used in gene expression studies as an internal control. The DNA sequence encoding actin from Pandan (Benstonea sp.) clone Riau has not been reported, therefore, this study investigated the DNA sequence encoding actin isolated from Benstonea sp. clone Riau. Total DNA isolation was performed in fresh leaves, total RNA isolation from stem, total cDNA synthesis, polymerase chain reaction using degenerate actin primer, electrophoresis, cloning, transformation, blue white colony selection, colony PCR, sequencing, data analysis using BioEdit and MEGA6 softwares and BLASTn program. The partial DNA sequence encoding actin from Benstonea sp. clone Riau obtained was 1,403 bp. The sequence was grouped as part of actin1 (ACT1) and it was consisted of two exons and one intron. The predicted coding and peptide sequences were 616 bp and 205 amino acids, respectively.  The predicted coding sequence had 90% similarity to some ACT1 mRNA from some plants species but none of which belongs to Benstonea genus or Pandanaceae family. The deduced peptide sequence had similarity to some ACT1 peptide from some plant species of up to 99% and also none of them belongs to Benstonea genus or Pandanaceae family. Thus, the partial ACT1 gene obtained in this study was the first sequence reported from Benstonea genus. Furthermore, this sequence can be used as a reference to isolate actin genes from other species within Benstonea genus for gene expression analysis purposes.
Ecology of Rafflesia arnoldii (Rafflesiaceae) in Pandam Gadang West Sumatra Syafroni Pranata; Sulistijorini Sulistijorini; Tatik Chikmawati
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 9 No. 3 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.09.03.02

Abstract

Pandam Gadang has tropical forests which become the habitat of Rafflesia (Rafflesia arnoldii) which grows as a parasite of Tetrastigma (Vitaceae). Study on R. arnoldii is needed since its population continuously decrease as a result of habitat destruction of its host. The aim of the study was to determine habitat conditions, vegetation structure, and characteristic of the host species of Rafflesia; to identify environmental factors, and determine the Rafflesia habitat suitability in Pandam Gadang Koto Tinggi Village, West Sumatra. Analysis of vegetation in the habitat where Rafflesia grows using a circular plot. The number of individuals Rafflesia found was recorded and completed with observations of its morphology. Micro-climate measurements were carried out together with data collection in the field. Flower morphological analysis was descriptively presented. Environmental parameters were-processed with Canoco software 4.56 using Canonical Correspondence Analysis. Habitat suitability was analyzed using Maximum Entropy. The 17 Rafflesia individuals found on Pandam Gadang were R. arnoldii, known as "Cendawan Biriang", living parasitically on Tetrastigma leucostaphylum. The results of analysis of vegetation in the Rafflesia habitat showed that there were 250 individual plants consisting of 42 species and 21 genera. Seedlings most dominant was Lauraceae, belt were dominated by Moraceae, Meliaceae, and Euphorbiaceae. Trees were dominated by Euphorbiaceae, Moraceae, and Meliaceae. Existence and survival of R. arnoldii depended on soil pH 7-7.8, environmental humidity 83-91.8 % and distance from the nearest river 3-27.8 m.
Assessment of Biological Spectrum and Phenological Behaviours of Coastal Vegetation in East Midnapore District, Eastern India Uday Kumar Sen; Ram Kumar Bhakat
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 10 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.10.02.05

Abstract

The open coastlines of the world are dominated by sand dunes and salt marshes. They are the primary areas for human recreation and provide a wide range of frequently overlooked ecosystem services. Their intrinsic ecological significance lies in having unique biological assemblies and supporting a range of ecological processes, such as water filtration and nutrient cycling. In addition, in the coastal zone, these areas link marine and terrestrial systems. The objective of this paper is to check the psammophytic species diversity, conservation status and threat; and also prepare a biological spectrum m in the Costal East Midnapore (CEM) district's sand dune and salt marsh areas. A part of floristic inventories in the CEM, various field trips in different season were carried out, quadrate method is done to examine the ecological impact and richness. Specimens were collected, prepared voucher specimen and enlisted according APG IV classification system to prepare biological spectrum. CEM vegetation was diverse and composed of 162 species of 132 genera distributed among 52 families of 28 orders according to APG IV classification, of which 37 species were exotics. Fabales (19.14%) and Fabaceae (19.14%) were the dominant order and family. Biological spectrum shows the study area was classified as “thero-chamaephytic” type of phytoclimate. Mesophyll (24.07%) and lanceolate as well as oblong (19.14%) were found to be high in the leaf size spectrum and lamina. The area of study was highly ecotonal potential and fairly undisturbed. This study is useful in comparing and contrasting the adjacent natural vegetation along the gradients of the environment; and recommends effective long-term conservation and better management of the coastal area.
Nanoelicitors Application Promote Antioxidant Capacity of Asparagus officinalis (In Vitro): Nanoelicitors Application Promote Antioxidant Capacity Reza Mohammadhassan; Annahid Ferdosi; Alexander Marcus Seifalian; Maral Seifalian; Shiva Malmir
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 11 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.11.03.01

Abstract

Nanoparticles recently play remarkable roles in modern agriculture and biotechnology due to specific exclusively physicochemical and biological characteristics of the particles. In recent years, nanoparticles are been using as fertilizers and elicitors to improve crops. Nutritionists are constantly seeking natural antioxidants without side effects to using for healthcare and treatment. Asparagus officinalis L. as medicinal plant treated by iron (0, 10, 50 and 100 mg/L) and selenium (0, 0.5,and 1 mg/L) nanoparticles as nano elicitors. Then the antioxidant capacity of A. officinalis L. was detected and measured by α, α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, for assessment of the antioxidant activity. The iron nanoparticlesconcentration significantly increases the antioxidant activity of both male and female asparagus stem, as well as selenium nanoparticles. When combined iron and selenium used as nano elicitors then cause the antioxidant activity significantly decreases. But the integration of two nano elicitors (iron and selenium) decreased antioxidant capacity while the use of nano-selenium could enhance antioxidant capacity. The application of nano elicitor increased antioxidant capacity in the female stem than male.
Niche Overlap between Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii and Helarctos malayanus Raffles within Small Scale Habitat in Punggualas Area, Sebangau National Park Adventus Panda; Widya Krestina
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 11 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.11.03.08

Abstract

The Sebangau National Park is a major stronghold for Bornean Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) ranging from 6000 – 9000 individuals. In comparison with Bornean Orangutans, very little ecological fieldwork has been conducted to investigate sun bear biology, and there have been no thorough surveys of distribution or population densities. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the basic information on niche overlap between these two endangered species, specifically to quantify their relationship within the small-scale habitat in Punggualas area, SNP. Data was collected and measured during 15 – 21 June 2019; using line transects methods. A total of 6580 m was walked along 8 consecutive transects. Bear and aging sign follow Augeri protocols. A total 18 printed mark-claw and 17 Orangutan nests was measured according to the mentioned methodology.  The relationships between signs use binary logistic regressions (StatPlus for Mac) and PCA model (using R), while interspecific relationships use Co-Occurrence modeling, ESP for Windows. The results showed that there is no difference between bear sign and orangutan nest (c2: 26.249; df :1, p-value : 0.001); While the results on habitat selection between transects is failed to reject the null hypothesis (c2 = 0.29; df :1, p-value : 0.490). The Mann-Whitney U test, also confirmed no distinctive overlap between the Orangutan and the Sun Bear (Z: 0.84; p-value: 0.40). The co-occurrence simulations also revealed significant results (C-Score = 1.00), by means both target animals co-existed in the habitat.  Obviously, the Orangutan and Sun Bear occupy the same habitat. There is no distinctive overlap between them in terms of tree species selection and having a close interrelationship in terms of feeding ground, whereas the fruiting is not available. The only distinctive difference is that the Bear sign was tend hindering waterlogged terrain.
Nutritional Content and Characteristics of Antimicrobial Compounds from Fermented Oil Palm Fronds (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Dewi Febriana; Syukria Ikhsan Zam; Rahmi Febriyanti; Zumarni Zumarni; Jepri Juliantoni; Abdul Fatah
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 10 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.10.01.04

Abstract

This research was conducted to determine physical quality, the nutritional quality and characteristics of antimicrobial compounds from fermented oil palm fronds (FOPF). This research was carried out using a Complete Randomized Design with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The following treatments were performed by the addition of different additives namely: 10% poultry manure, 10% cow feces, 5% urea and 5% molasses. All treatments were extracted in stages using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. The observed parameters were physical quality (pH, aroma, color, and texture), nutritional quality (neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin), yield of extract, class of bioactive compounds and the antimicrobial activity test of extracted compounds. The data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance and differences between treatments were tested using Duncan's multiple range test. The addition of different additives has a very significant effect (P < 0.01) on the lignin content; significant effect (P < 0.05) on pH, aroma, color and texture; and no effect on the content of NDF, ADF, hemicellulose and cellulose. The highest yield of extract was obtained from methanol extract with the addition of poultry manure. The methanol extract on the addition of poultry manure and urea were identified as compounds in the steroid, tannin and phenolic classes. The highest antimicrobial activity test against Escherichia coli (12.83 mm) was obtained from FOPF extract (1%) with addition of poultry manure, while highest antimicrobial activity test against Staphylococcus aureus (11.67 mm) was obtained from FOPF extract (4%) with addition of molasses. The conclusion of this research was FOPF with addition of poultry manure provides good physical quality, nutritional quality and can inhibit the growth of E. coli and S. aureus at a concentration of 1%.

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