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Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry)
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 19079850     EISSN : 25992740     DOI : 10.24843/JCHEM
Core Subject : Science,
Chemistry
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) publishes papers on all aspects of fundamental and applied chemistry. The journal is naturally broad in scope, welcomes submissions from across a range of disciplines, and reports both theoretical and experimental studies.
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 518 Documents
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OPTIMASI KONDISI REAKSI HIDROGENASI METIL ESTER DALAM PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS SURFAKTAN BERBASIS MINYAK JELANTAH I Made Siaka; Yuky Astary Hermanto; Ida Ayu Gede Widihati
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 6, No. 2 Juli 2012
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (268.278 KB)

Abstract

This paper discusses the optimization of reaction condition of methyl ester hydrogenation in the process of making surfactant from used cooking oil. The synthesis of surfactant involved the esterification reaction of used cooking oil, base-catalyzed transesterification, and hydrogenation reaction of methyl ester (methyl laurate), followed by the sulfatation using sulfuric acid and neutralization using sodium hydroxide. The hydrogenation reaction was performed in the presence of Zn, as the catalyst, at various temperatures (200oC, 220oC, and 240oC) and reaction times (1, 1½, and 2 hours). The surfactant activities testing was conducted through surface tension measurement using the drop weight method and emulsion stability duration testing to find out the optimum condition of each variable.The result indicated that the temperature of the hydrogenation reaction had no effect to the activities of surfactant produced, but the time reaction had. The surfactant activities testing showed that the reaction time of the hydrogenation reaction needed to give the smallest surface tension of water (32 dyne/cm average) was 1½ to 2 hours. More over, the reaction times ware also able to give the longest emulsion stability of 450.6 seconds for cooking oil-water emulsion and 454.6 seconds for used cooking oil-water emulsion. Therefore, the reaction times of 1½-2 hours  could be categorized as the optimum reaction time.
PEMBUATAN DAN KARAKTERISASI ARANG AKTIF DARI BATANG TANAMAN GUMITIR (Tagetes erecta) YANG DIAKTIVASI DENGAN H3PO4 Emmy - Sahara; Wahyu Dwijani Sulihingtyas; I Putu Adi Surya Mahardika
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 11. No. 1 Januari 2017
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (411.368 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JCHEM.2017.v11.i01.p01

Abstract

Paper ini membahas pembuatan dan karakterisasi arang aktif dari batang tanaman gumitir (Tagetes erecta) dengan aktivator H3PO4. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat dan menentukan karakteristik arang aktif dari limbah batang tanaman gumitir serta menentukan konsentrasi optimum H3PO4 yang dibutuhkan untuk mendapatkan arang aktif dengan karakteristik yang baik ditinjau dari kadar air, kadar zat mudah menguap, kadar abu total, kadar karbon, daya serap terhadap metilen biru, dan daya serap terhadap iod. Selain itu, dilakukan juga analisis spektra secara FTIR terhadap arang aktif dengan karakteristik yang terbaik. Secara umum, bila dibandingkan dengan standar mutu SNI 06-3730-1995 tentang arang aktif teknis maka aktivasi dengan berbagai konsentrasi H3PO4 dalam penelitian ini menghasilkan arang aktif dengan karakteristik yang baik, akan tetapi aktivasi dengan asam fosfat sebesar 15% menunjukkan karakteristik yang terbaik yaitu: kadar air 4,67 ± 0,33%, kadar zat mudah menguap 5,59 ± 0,33%, kadar abu 5,67 ± 0,33%, kadar karbon 84,33%, daya serap terhadap metilen biru sebesar 162,84 ± 0,50 mg/g dan daya serap terhadap I2 sebesar 759,62 ± 3,07 mg/g. Hasil identifikasi dengan spektrofotometer FTIR menunjukkan bahwa arang aktif tersebut mengandung gugus fungsi OH, C-H alifatik, P=O dan P-OH.
THE QUALITY OF COCONUT OIL PREPARED USING HEATING TECHNIQUE WITH ADDITION OF CARROT POWDER (Daucus carrota L) AS NATURAL ANTIOXIDANT N. M. Suaniti; M. Manurung; O. Ratnayani; A. A. I. S. J. Dewi
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol.13 No.1 Januari 2019
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (681.734 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JCHEM.2019.v13.i01.p17

Abstract

Spoilage of coconut oil is indicated by rancidity caused by the oxidation and hydrolysis reactions. One of the efforts that can be carried out to inhibit the rancidity is by adding a natural antioxidant, such as carrot (Daucus carrota L) powder, into the coconut oil. This research aimed to find out the effect of the addition of carrot powder into the coconut oil on some parameters namely iodine number, peroxide number, FFA level, acid value and water content. The coconut oil was prepared by heating technique followed by the addition of carrot powder in the ratio of coconut oil:carrot of 100:1, 100:2, 100:3, 100:4, 100:5, and coconut oil:BHT (Butyl Hydroxy Toluene) of 100:1 as the positive control. The results were then compared to the Indonesian National Standard of SNI 01-2902-1992. It was found that the coconut oil added with carrot powder in the ratio of 100:4 showed the best quality with iodine number of 8.4092 ± 0.5761g iodine/100g, peroxide number of 3.2363 ± 1.9168mg O2/100g, Free Fatty Acid level (FFA) of 0.1676 ± 0.0037 %, acid value of 0.4656 ± 0.0119mg KOH/g and water content of 0.1038 ± 0.0068 %. The characterization using FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) of such quality of coconut oil indicated some functional groups of OH, CH, CH3, C=O, CºC aliphatic and C=C aliphatic were contained.
DESAIN PRIMER UNTUK AMPLIFIKASI GEN katG MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE TUBERCULOSIS (MDR-TB) DENGAN METODE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR) Putu Tedi Suryadi; Ketut Ratnayani; Sagung Chandra Yowani
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 8, No. 1 Januari 2014
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (235.693 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JCHEM.2014.v08.i01.p13

Abstract

Tuberculosis, the world’s major diseases, is one of the emerging infectious disease. The tuberculosis problem has become complicated and burdensome due to the emergence of drug resistant such as isoniazid (INH) resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mutation in katG gene is the main mechanism of INH-resistance in most strains. Amplification of M. tuberculosis katG gene was performance by using PCR for detect the mutation. A pair of specific PCR primers (forward and reverse) was the most important factor to limit the target region of amplification. Primer designing is preceedly carried out for producing the specific primer desired. The aim of this study was to design the specific primers for a fragment of katG gene. In silico primer design was carried out by using Clone Manager Suite 6. DNA sequence template used in this primer design was downloaded from www.ncbi.nml.nih.gov. M. tuberculosis H37Rv katG gene with genbank code X68081.1 was choosen. This study was successfully designed the forward primer (5' GAAGTACGGCAAGAAGCTCTC 3') and reverse one (5' CGTGATCCGCTCATAGATCG 3') which was length of 21 and 20 nucleotide, respectively. These pair of primers were meet the requirement of a good primer include primer length, Tm value, percentage of GC content, no hairpins, limited dimers and runs. In conclusion, the result of this research showed that the primer designed were acceptable to amplify the fragment of 724 bp of katG gene in silico.
PENGARUH RASIO MOLAR MINYAK JELANTAH DENGAN METANOL DAN SUHU REAKSI DALAM REAKSI TRANSESTERFKASI TERKATALIS CaO/ZEOLIT ALAM TERHADAP YIELD BIODIESEL Ana Malia; Putu Suarya; Ida Ayu Raka Astiti Asih; I Made Wisnu Adhi Putra
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 10, No. 1 Januari 2016
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (249.262 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JCHEM.2016.v10.i01.p07

Abstract

The research of transesterification reaction catalyzed by CaO/natural zeolite has been carried out. This work was aimed to obtain the high yield of biodiesel. The supporting process of CaO on natural zeolite (CaO/ZAA) was done by using wet impregnation method and characterization of CaO/ZAA was performed using XRD, FTIR and the determination of specific surface area of natural zeolite as CaO supporter was performed by BET method. This research aims to study the influence of transesterification reaction which was executed by varying molar ratio of oil to methanol and reaction temperature. Analysis of functional groups and minerals using FTIR and XRD, respectively, showed no significant changes before and after the impregnation of CaO on natural zeolites. CaO supported on natural zeolite was undetected by FTIR. Instead, it was detected by the vibration of carbonate groups as the result of the CO2 absorption by CaO and the result of surface area analysis using BET method showed that the greater the size of natural zeolite, the smaller the specific surface area of catalyst. The result analysis using BET method showed that the spesific surface area of 200 mesh sized natural zeolite as CaO supporter was 9.993 m2/g. The simple gravimetric test revealed that  the amount of CaO supported on 200 mesh sized natural zeolite was 0.2155 g/g. It was concluded that CaO/ZAA 200 mesh was the most suitable catalyst which was then used in the production of biodiesel. The transesterification result showed that the highest biodiesel yield of 98.34% was gained at molar ratio of oil to methanol of 1:15 and at the temperature of 60 oC. The GC-MS analysis indicated that the main components of the biodiesel were methyl palmitate and methyl oleate.
EVALUASI KANDUNGAN SELULOSA MIKROKRISTAL DARI JERAMI PADI (Oryza sativa L.) VARIETAS IR64 I G. N. J. A. Prasetia; I D. A. Yuliandari; D. G. Ulandari; C. I. S Arisanti; A. A. I. S. H Dewandari
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol.12 No.2 Juli 2018
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (155.055 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JCHEM.2018.v12.i02.p01

Abstract

Pemanfaatan limbah hasil pertanian yang berupa jerami padi varietas IR64 di Bali belum optimal. Jerami padi yang merupakan suatu biomassa lignoselulosa dengan kandungan selulosa sekitar 40% dapat dikembangkan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kandungan alfa, beta dan gamma selulosa dari selulosa mikrokristal yang dihasilkan. Kandungan alfa selulosa merupakan komponen selulosa utama yang berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kemurnian dari suatu selulosa mikrokristal. Metode pembuatan selulosa mikrokristal dari jerami padi dilakukan dengan proses delignifikasi dengan NaOH 15% dan proses hidrolisis menggunakan variasi konsentrasi HCl yaitu 1,5N; 2N; 2,5N; 3N dan 3,5N. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar alfa selulosa tertinggi yang diperoleh adalah 91,95%. Dari hasil penelitian ini, terlihat bahwa penggunaan NaOH dalam proses delignifikasi dan HCl 3,5N sebagai agen penghidrolisis pada jerami padi varietas IR64 mampu menghasilkan selulosa mikrokristal dengan kandungan alfa selulosa tertinggi.
PENGARUH ISOLAT HERBA VERNONIA CINEREA TERHADAP SPERMATOGENESIS TIKUS PUTIH I G. B. Gupta Widotama
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 2, No. 2 Juli 2008
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (81.802 KB)

Abstract

The influence of Vernonia cinerea Less. on spermatogenesis of rat has been investigated. This research washeld into two steps. The first activity was isolation and purification of the herb of. V. cinerea Less.. The purity ofisolate was showed by the appearance of only one spot on chromatogram and its physical characteristic. The secondstep was identification the spermatogenesis using three groups of rat for 49 days namely i.e. normal group that wasadministered by normal saline, group I that is administered by 0.05 mg/g body weight of V. cinerea Less. isolate i.p.,and group II that was administered by 0.025 mg/g B.W of V. cinerea Less. isolate i.p. Histological preparat withPAS- Hematoxylin dyeing was used in tubulus seminiferus observation. The result showed the cocci form of tubulusseminiferus and basalis membrane appearance. This concluded that the isolate of V. cinerea Less. herbs influencedthe spermatogenesis of rat.
OPTIMASI FORMULA SEDIAAN SABUN MANDI CAIR DARI EKSTRAK KULIT MANGGIS (Garcinia Mangostana Linn.) Putu Yunia Irmayanti; Ni Putu Ayu Dewi Wijayanti; Cokorda Istri Sri Arisanti
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 8, No. 2 Juli 2014
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (50.375 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JCHEM.2014.v08.i02.p15

Abstract

Mangosteen rind is a valuable waste, rich in saponins, xanton, and tannin. Liquid soap was made by saponification reaction of ethanol extract of mangosteen rind and fats are reacted with KOH. This study aims to perform the optimization of liquid soap formula and determine its physical and chemical properties. Extract of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) obtained by maceration for 3 days with 70% ethanol, and vaccuum evaporated. Liquid soap was prepared by heating method for ± 3 hours. The evaluation consists of organoleptic test, pH, and specific gravity determination. The results show that the liquid soap from 2% ethanol extract of mangosteen rind is dark brown, homogenous liquid, has a characteristic odor and specific gravity between 1.022 to 1.036 g / ml, and pH between 12.16 to 12, 92. From the test results, liquid soap formulas which meet commercial criteria are formula V and VI.
KADAR THIAMIN HIDROKLORIDA (VITAMIN B1) PADA NASI BERAS PUTIH DAN BERAS MERAH PADA BERBAGAI WAKTU PENYIMPANAN PADA ALAT MAGIC-COM A. A. I. A. Mayun Laksmiwati; Ketut Ratnayani; Ni Wayan Agustini
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 6, No. 1 Januari 2012
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (193.08 KB)

Abstract

This paper discusses the influence of storage time on the thiamine hydrochloride content in rice. White rice (C36) and red rice were stored in a magic-com for a period of time, of 0 hours, 6 hours and 12 hours. Thiamine hydrochloride contents in rice were separated with the use of a chromatography column with alumina oxide, while and the measurement was carried out by UV-Vis spectrophotometry.It was found that the thiamine hydrochloride content in red rice stored within 0 hours, 6 hours and 12 hours were, 5.3 mg/kg, 4.5 mg/kg and 2.8 mg/kg, respectively, while in white rice they were found to be 2.6 mg/kg, 2.0 mg/kg and 1.4 mg/kg, respectively.
EKSTRAKSI DAN KARAKTERISASI HIDROKSIAPATIT DARI LIMBAH KERAJINAN TULANG SAPI MENGGUNAKAN METODE KOMBINASI ALKALI HIDROTERMAL DENGAN DEKOMPOSISI TERMAL I Gede Andy Andika Parahita; I Nengah Simpen; Ni Gusti Ayu Made Dwi Adhi Suastuti
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 10, No. 2 Juli 2016
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (221.78 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JCHEM.2016.v10.i02.p09

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengekstraksi hidroksiapatit dari limbah kerajinan tulang dan mengkarakterisasinya. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kombinasi alkali hidrotermal dengan dekomposisi termal, yang dilakukan dengan cara menginteraksikan serbuk tulang dengan NaOH 5% dan dikalsinasi pada suhu 400, 750, 950 dan 1100oC (TB1, TB2, TB3 dan TB4). Nilai yield hidroksiapatit  rata-rata yang dihasilkan adalah 68,82%. Karakterisasi kebasaan permukaan tertinggi dimiliki TB1 adalah 2,8345 ± 1,5166 x 10-2 mmol/gram. Karakterisasi FTIR menghasilkan gugus fungsi yang sesuai dengan senyawa hidroksiapatit. Luas permukaan tertinggi dimiliki TB1 adalah 34,4811 m2/gram. Perbandingan Ca/P rata-rata yang didapatkan adalah 1,6838. Karakterisasi XRD menunjukkan penambahan suhu mengakibatkan puncak difraksi yang dihasilkan semakin tajam yang menunjukkan struktur kristal yang dihasilkan semakin tajam.  

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