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International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 23033371     EISSN : 26559994     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Social,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology provides a unique venue for publishing original researches in biosciences and biotechnology, and ensures that authors could reach the widest possible audience. It publishes both full-length articles and short communications on all aspects of biotechnology and biosciences
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 2 No 1 (2014)" : 8 Documents clear
SUGAR PRODUCTION BY DIGESTING OF OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH USING EXTRACELLULAR ENZYMES FROM Aspergillus niger AND Trichoderma reesei FOR ETHANOL PRODUCTION Kahar Muzakhar; Sutoyo S; Siswoyo S
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 2 No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Abstract

Extracellular enzymes which obtained from 4 days cultivation Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma reesei onsolid state fermentation of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) were used for lignocellulosic-­??rich OPEFBdigestion. The enzymes were concentrated using 70% saturated ammonium sulphate, dialysed against20mM acetate buffer at pH 5 and adjusted one tenth (v/v) from the initial volume with the same buffer.The concentrated enzymes were then used in hydrolysation of powdered OPEFB. Amount of 10.65 mg/ mland 11.47 mg/ml sugars were produced when each concetrated enzyme A. niger and T. reesei mixedwith2%OPEFB. These hydrolysation were done on 100 ml total volume, incubated at 37oC with 100 rpmshaken for 36 hours. Further, both hydrolyzates results were sterilised and fermented anaerobically usingSaccharomycess cerevisiae at concentration 0.5mg/ml cells and incubated in 30oC for 24 hours. Colorimetricanalysis using QuantiChrom Kit DIET-­??500 at OD 580nm gave results the alcohol production were 0.86%and 0.92% which were similar with Gas Chromatograph analysis that of 0.83% and 0.93%, respectively.
IDENTIFICATION OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI IN RHIZOSPHERE SOIL OF SEVERAL GRASS SPECIES AND CACAO (Theobroma cacao L.) BASED ON ITS SPORE MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ni Kadek Sintya Dewi; I Gede Ketut Susrama; Made Sritamin; Made Adnyana; I Gede Putu Wirawan
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 2 No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi live in a symbiotic mutualism with plant roots and helps plant absorbnutrients and also able to live in various places. The study aimed to identify arbuscular mycorrhizal fungiin rizhosphere of several grass and cacao through microscopic method based on morphologicalcharacteristics and was conducted from December 2013 to March 2014. The methods used in this studywere spore isolation using wet sieving and root staining techniques. The results showed that arbuscularmycorrhizal fungi spores found in Imperata cylindrica L. were spores of Glomus (Glomales: Glomeaceae)with its vesicular and hyphae structure. The presence of spores and structures in Paspalum notatum wereAcaulospora (Glomales: Acaulosporaceae) and Gigaspora with its arbuscules, vesicules and hyphae structure.Spores and structures found in the Pennisetum purpureum were belong to genus of Glomus with hyphaeand arbuscular structure. Spores and structures of mycorrhizal fungi in Cyperus rotundus are spores of thegenus of Gigaspora (Glomales: Gigasporineae) and spores of Glomus with internal hyphae structure. Whilespores and mycorrhizal structures in Cacao were found two types of spore belong to genus of Glomus withhyphae and vesicular structures.
forewords forewords forewords
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 2 No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Abstract

forewords
THE WATER EXTRACT OF Saragassum fusiforme IS A POTENTIAL ELICITOR OF INDUCED RESISTANCE IN SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM BUT NOT IN Nicotiana benthamiana Layth Sbaihat; Daigo Takemoto; Kazuhito Kawakita
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 2 No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Abstract

Molecules called elicitors induce plants’ defense responses.Elicitor -­??induced resistance rarely leads tocomplete pathogen control, but reduce lesion size and/or number instead. We investigated a novel elicitorextractedfrom the brown sea algae (Saragassum fusiforme), whichis sowed to induce reactive oxygen speciesproduction and protection against powdery mildew and late blight diseasesoftomato (Solanum lycopersicum,cultivar Lady First)plants. On the other hand, the studied elicitor did not induce reactive oxygen speciesproduction in Nicotiana benthamiana plants nor protected them against late blight disease .
ANALYSIS OF GENE TARGETING EVENTS IN BUCKWHEAT (Fagopyrum esculentum) TRANSFORMED b THE MUTANT STRAINS OF Agrobacterium tumefaciens THAT HAVE DEFICIENCY IN T-­??DNA INTEGRATION STEP INTO PLANT GENOME Mineo Kojima; Putu Suparthana; Tsutomu Shimizu; Masahiro Nogawa
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 2 No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Abstract

Gene targeting events were analyzed in buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum, var. Shinano No. 1) that werein planta transformed (T1) by the three strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring a gene targetingvector for an endogenous gene (acc.no.AB327276); M-­??1 mutant (abvA::Tn5) and M-­??31 mutant (virA::Tn5)strains, both of which are capable of transferring its T-­??DNA into nucleus of host plant cell, but have adeficiency in T-­??DNA integration step into chromosome and LBA4404 strain, being a commonly usedstrain. The results of both phenotype examination and Southern blot analysis implied that a targetingconstruct(s) was integrated into a different locus (loci) each depending on the strain of A. tumefaciens usedfor transformation. Both 5’-­??end and 3’-­??end flanking DNA segments that were expected from preciseinsertion of targeting construct into the endogenous U-­??gene locus were obtained by PCR with 3 (23%)transformants out of the randomly selected 13 transformants by M-­??1 mutant strain, while only 3’-­??endflanking DNA segment was obtained with 3(21%) transformants out of 14 transformants by M-­??31 strain.Taken together, the results suggested the potential of usage of a mutant strain of A. tumefaciens for genetargeting which has a deficiency in T-­??DNA integration step into plant genome.
INCREASING LOCAL FRUITS COMPETITIVENESS IN ENTERING THE TOURISM MARKET IN BALI I Gede Putu Wirawan; Ketut Srie Marhaeni Julyasih; Wayan Adiartayasa; I Nyoman Wijaya; I Putu Anom
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 2 No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Abstract

The study focused on improving the fruit quality supported by handling of the cultivation, harvest and post-­??harve st handling such as fruit packing, transportation, storage, and others, as well as marketing strategiesand regulations that are ne eded locally, so local Bali fruits can compete better in the Bali tourism market.The purposes of this study were to find some problems face by the local fruits to e nter the tourism marke t inBali. The local fruits studied were citrus, salacca, mangoes, mangosteen, banana, and papaya. This study wasthrough multiple surveys such as, inte rviews with farme rs, whole salers, fruit suppliers, and the manage rsof the hote ls and restaurants. The results of this study found some local fruits have e nte red the tourismmarket in Bali, in addition, local people in Bali te nd to consume the imported fruits for some culturalceremony, events and others.The results of this study showthat the main problems in the local fruits suchas citrus and banana were harvesting, packaging, storage, and transportation. The laboratory studies foundthat some microbes and inse cts infe cted local fruits due to the lackof handling such as packaging, storage,and transportation. The findings of this study was local fruits such as orange s and bananas face manyobstacles ranging from harvest, post-­??harvest management, transportation, and the marketing strategies.Many problem has found on bananas such as damaged on storage, as well as citrus fruits. Improvements tothe appearance of the fruit has been tried to do by the application of emulsion of he rbal oils, oleic acid, wax,twee n, and the results showe d the fruits still in a fre sh condition afte r four weeks of treatme nt while theuntre ated fruits were rotten due tothe infe ction of microbes. The blackspots of insects ormicrobes infectionson the treated fruits can be eliminated as well. Some inse cts and microbial attacks were found that leads tofruit rot which can essentially be removed by tre atment with antimicrobial tre atment. This research tries tochart the effects on the competitiveness of local fruits, such as continuity of production, standardization andregulation which could be developed at the local level in the village community.
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International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 2 No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 2 No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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