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All Journal International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology E-Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika (Journal of Tropical Agroecotechnology) Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture
I Gede Ketut Susrama
Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science

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ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI (AMF) IN CASHEW PLANTS (Anacardium occindentale L.) IN DATAH VILLAGE, ABANG DISTRICT OF KARANGASEM REGENCY I Ketut Suada; Evy Prima; Made Sritamin; I Wayan Adiartayasa; I Gede Ketut Susrama; I Gede Putu Wirawan
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 5 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (578.137 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2018.v05.i02.p10

Abstract

Isolation and identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in cashew plants was carried out in Datah Village, Abang District of Karangasem Regency. This study aims to determine the diversity of mycorrhizal spores in the cashew rhizosphere and AMF infections in the roots of cashew plants. The result in microscopic observations found 5 genera of AMF spores such as Glomus, Racocetra, Entrophospora, Septoglomus, and Acaulospora and the population of the genus Glomus were found most dominant in the rhizosphere of cashew plants. The result of staining root with trypan blue obtained the internal structure of AMF in the form of vesicles, arbuscules and hyphae found in root tissue of cashew plants. The result of AMF DNA amplification with primer NS31 and AML2 showed 560 bp bands in electrophoresis with 1% agarose gel determined AMF infection in root of cashew plants.
CROP IMPROVEMENT THROUGH INDUCING MUTAGENESIS IN VIVO USING COLCHICINE ON COWPEA (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) I Gede Ketut Susrama; I Gede Putu Wirawan
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 4 No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (394.566 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2017.v04.i02.p02

Abstract

Colchicine treatments of 0.005% and 0.01% either in distilled water or in hydrogen peroxide 3% were caused temporary leaf shape changes on cowpea. Treatment of colchicine in hydrogen peroxide 3% resulted in green pod color change to purple however treatment of just hydrogen peroxide 3% and colchicine in hydrogen peroxide 3% caused 8.8-10.7% dwarf cowpea. As a preliminary data, we also observed that cowpea crops grown from seeds treated with colchicine in distillate water attacked by bean leaf beetle much earlier compare to the treatment with colchicine in hydrogen peroxide 3%.
IDENTIFICATION OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI IN RHIZOSPHERE SOIL OF SEVERAL GRASS SPECIES AND CACAO (Theobroma cacao L.) BASED ON ITS SPORE MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ni Kadek Sintya Dewi; I Gede Ketut Susrama; Made Sritamin; Made Adnyana; I Gede Putu Wirawan
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 2 No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi live in a symbiotic mutualism with plant roots and helps plant absorbnutrients and also able to live in various places. The study aimed to identify arbuscular mycorrhizal fungiin rizhosphere of several grass and cacao through microscopic method based on morphologicalcharacteristics and was conducted from December 2013 to March 2014. The methods used in this studywere spore isolation using wet sieving and root staining techniques. The results showed that arbuscularmycorrhizal fungi spores found in Imperata cylindrica L. were spores of Glomus (Glomales: Glomeaceae)with its vesicular and hyphae structure. The presence of spores and structures in Paspalum notatum wereAcaulospora (Glomales: Acaulosporaceae) and Gigaspora with its arbuscules, vesicules and hyphae structure.Spores and structures found in the Pennisetum purpureum were belong to genus of Glomus with hyphaeand arbuscular structure. Spores and structures of mycorrhizal fungi in Cyperus rotundus are spores of thegenus of Gigaspora (Glomales: Gigasporineae) and spores of Glomus with internal hyphae structure. Whilespores and mycorrhizal structures in Cacao were found two types of spore belong to genus of Glomus withhyphae and vesicular structures.
IN VIVO MULTISTEP MUTAGENESIS INDUCTION USING COLCHICINE ON COWPEA MUTANT 1 (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) I Gede Ketut Susrama; I Gede Putu Wirawan
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 5 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (207.357 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2018.v05.i02.p04

Abstract

In the previous research, we obtained three catagories of M1 mutant cowpea namely 1) purple pod mutant cowpea, 2) green pod mutant cowpea which has three pods in a stalk, and 3) green pod mutant cowpea which has two pods in a stalk. All those three catagories of M1 mutant cowpeas were treated again with colchicine in a multistep mutagenesis proses in vivo. Then, we found changes in number of leaflet in a petiole to 4 leaflets (quadrifoliate) and to five leaflets in a petiole (pentafoliate). These changes are indications that beside as a chromosome multipying alkaloid, colchicine causes other genetic changes as well. Through this mutagenesis research, we created gigas mutant cowpea that having longer leaves, longer pods and heavier seeds. The accurrence of two kinds of insect pests attack were found namely cowpea aphid Aphis craccivora and pod sucking bug Riptortus linearis.
INDUCED IN VIVO MUTAGENESIS USING COLCHICINE IN HYDROGEN PEROXIDE ON M2 COWPEA, YARDLONG BEAN AND COMMON BEAN I Gede Ketut Susrama; Ni Luh Made Pradnyawathi
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 7 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (262.413 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2019.v07.i01.p01

Abstract

Research on doubling plant chromosome using colchicine has been carried out for years with water as its solvent. In this study, an innovation was carried out by trying to do colchicine treatment in hydrogen peroxide. In this in vivo induced mutagenesis research, colchicine in hydrogen peroxide was administered as mutagen on seeds three species of crops i.e. mutan M2 cowpea, yardlong bean, and common bean by soaking method. The results of this research showed that three times multistep mutant (M3) of cowpea was having mutant characteristics that the shape of its leaflet changed from rhombus to ovate. Besides, both yardlong bean varieties used in this research (BLR and KTR) showed indication of a mutant crop that having compound leaves with more than three leaflets in a stalk. Common bean of PTW variety was not attacked by any aphid but it was attacked by leafminer. Finally, we found “rainbow common bean” from this research.
AGARWOOD PRODUCING FUNGAL INOCULANT FORMULATION IN KETIMUNAN TREE (Gyrinops versteegii DOMKE) I Made Mega; Dewa Ketut Suanda; Desak Nyoman Kasniari; I Gede Ketut Susrama
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 3 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Abstract

This study aimed to find out the agarwood producing fungal inoculant formulation that infect Ketimunan tree (Gyrinops versteegii DOMKE) effectively and resulted in high quality of agarwood. Randomized Completely Block Design was applied in this study with formulation of Fusarium solani and Rhizopus sp inoculant in liquid and solid form were combined as treatments. Treatments were: solid Fusarium solani inoculant, solid Rhizopus sp inoculant, mixture of solid Fusarium solani inoculant and solid Rhizopus sp inoculant, liquid Fusarium solani inoculant, liquid Rhizopus sp inoculant, mixture of liquid Fusarium solani inoculant and liquid Rhizopus sp inoculant, and mixture of solid and liquid of Fusarium solani and Rhizopus sp inoculants. There are three replicates for each treatment. Parameters measured were level of fragrance, agarwood color, and its resin content. The result showed that all formulations affected resin content significantly compared to control of agarwood. Mixture of liquid Fusarium solani and liquid Rhizopus sp inoculant showed the best quality agarwood with quality characteristics: brownish black or agarwood with black and brownish black color, very strong fragrance, and with 13.58% resin content.
Identifikasi Mikoriza Vesikular Arbuskular (MVA) pada Rhizosfer Tanaman Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.) dan Ubi Kayu (Manihot esculenta Crantz) serta Perbanyakannya dengan Media Zeolit PUTU SENA WIDIATMA; I GEDE PUTU WIRAWAN; I GEDE KETUT SUSRAMA
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika (Journal of Tropical Agroecotechnology) Vol.4, No.4, Oktober 2015
Publisher : Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Vesicular Arbucular Mycorrhizae (VAM) Identification of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) and Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Rhizosphere and Its Spore Multiplication in Zeolite Media Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae is an obligate symbiont that live in a symbiotic mutualism with plant roots and grow inside root cortical cells helping absorption of nutrients which necessary for plant growth. This research aimed to determine VAM species in sweet potato and cassava rhizosphere and also to determine effectiveness of zeolite media as a multiplication medium. The research has been conducted from October 2014 through December 2014. Spore isolation was done by conducting wet sieving method. Roots colonization percentages were calculated with gridline section method and spores multiplication through trapping culture method. Results showed that there were four VAM genera consist of 16 species from rhizosphere of both sample plants. Those four genera identified as Acaulospora (2 species), Gigaspora (1 species), Glomus (1 species), and Scutellospora (1 species) from rhizosphere of sweet potato and 3 genera identified as Acaulospora (3 species), Gigaspora (3 species), and Glomus (5 species) from rhizosphere of cassava. Colonization is characterized by special structure of VAM such as arbucule and vesicule in plant roots tissue. Inner spores of VAM were discovered in all three kind of plants used in this research. Spore multiplication with trapping culture method using zeolite media and corn as a symbionts can be considered as an effective method for VAM spore multiplication indicated by density increase of VAM spores. Keywords : Colonization, Cortical Cell, Inner Spore, Symbiont, Trapping Culture
Identifikasi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular Secara Mikroskopis pada Rhizosfer Tanaman Alang-Alang (Imperata Cylindrica L.) di Desa Sanur Kaja ROMAULI THERESIA NAINGGOLAN; I GEDE PUTU WIRAWAN; I GEDE KETUT SUSRAMA
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika (Journal of Tropical Agroecotechnology) Vol.3, No.4, Oktober 2014
Publisher : Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Identification of Mikoriza Arbuskular Fungi in Microscopic the Rhizosphere of Reed (Imperatacylindric L.) in Sanur Kaja Village.   Mycorrhiza is a form of symbiosis between the fungus with a high level of plant (vascular plants, Tracheophyta), especially on the rooting. There is also a fungus with the other symbiotes, but the term mycorrhiza are typically for symbiotic plant roots which infect by fungus. This research aims to know the diversity of the genus or species of  mycorrhiza fungi arbuskular on the rhizosfer plant reeds in the village of Sanur Kaja, and to know whether or not there was colonization of mycorrhiza fungi arbuskular on the net root crops the reeds in the village of Sanur Kaja. The results of this research show that the symbiotes spores in the rhizosfer plant reeds is the genus Glomus multicaule spores, Glomus ambisporum, Acaulospora foveata, Gigaspora gigantae. Analysis on the plant roots mycorrhiza colonization reed showed a spherical structure called vesikular, while arbuskular is a structure on the hypha branches that resemble haustorium. (forming the pattern dikotom).   Key words: Acaulospora sp, Gigaspora sp, Glomus sp.
Uji Aktivitas Antimikroba Beberapa Ekstrak Bumbu Dapur terhadap Pertumbuhan Jamur Curvularia lunata (Wakk.) Boed. dan Aspergillus flavus LINK. IRMA SELVYANA Br. SITEPU; I KETUT SUADA; I GEDE KETUT SUSRAMA
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika (Journal of Tropical Agroecotechnology) Vol. 1, No. 2, Oktober 2012
Publisher : Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

ABSTRACT The Antimicrobial Activity Test of Some Kitchen Seasoning Extracts on Growth of Fungus Curvularia lunata (Wakk.) Boed. and Aspergillus flavus LINK. This research was aimed to determine the ability of herbs extract in inhibiting the growth of fungus C. lunata and A. flavus and to determine the minimum inhibition concentration of each extracts as well. The results showed that the extracts could inhibit the growth of the two fungus. The most effective extract was turmeric against C. lunata and galangal extract against A. flavus with each inhibition was 38,6% and 26,6% respectively. The minimum inhibition concentration of all extracts were 0,5% on both C. lunata and A. flavus. Keyword : Antimicrobial, Kitchen seasoning, Curvularia lunata, Aspergillus flavus
Identifikasi Mikoriza Vesikular Arbuskular (MVA) dari Rhizosfer Tanaman Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) dan Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.) serta Perbanyakannya Menggunakan Media Zeolit I WAYAN EKA ADI WIRAWAN; I KETUT SUADA; I GEDE KETUT SUSRAMA
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika (Journal of Tropical Agroecotechnology) Vol.4, No.4, Oktober 2015
Publisher : Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizae (VAM) Identification of Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) and Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Rhizosphere and Its Spore Multiplication in Zeolite Media Various attempts have been made to increase the production of chilli and tomato plants by farmers, including by using  inorganic fertilizer application on and on going basis. Considering potential problems that may occured due to inorganic fertilizer use, aplication of  biological fertilizer which one of them is containing vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) could be expected to assist the growth of chilli and tomato in more naturally manner. This study was aimed to determine genus and species of VAM in chilli and tomato rhizosphere, its colonization in root tissue, and to examine zeolite media compatibility with corn as a symbiont. Based on the results of the study, it was found four species namely Acaulospora fofeata, A. colombiana, A. Laevis, and Glomus ambisporum in chilli and four species in tomato that were identified as A. fofeata, A. colombiana, Scutellospora calospora, and G. ambisporum. Colonization were found in roots of chilli, tomato, and corn indicated by symbiotic structures arbuscules, vesicles, and inner spores. Zeolite media with corn as symbiotic plant is considered suitable for VAM spore propagation. Keywords: rhizosphere, Acaulospora fofeata, zeolite, inner spore
Co-Authors D.N. KASNIARI Dewa Ketut Suanda Evy Prima I GEDE PUTU WIRAWAN I Ketut Suada I Made Mega I WAYAN EKA ADI WIRAWAN I WAYAN PRASTITA DIASTAMA IRMA SELVYANA Br. SITEPU KETUT AYU YULIADHI Made Adnyana MADE SRITAMIN NADIAH SILITONGA Ni Kadek Sintya Dewi NI LUH MADE PRADNYAWATHI NI MADE TRIGUNASIH NI NYOMAN ARI MAYADEWI PUTU SENA WIDIATMA ROMAULI THERESIA NAINGGOLAN WAYAN ADIARTAYASA YOLANDA HASSIAN MANALU Yundari, Yundari