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Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian)
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25023012     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24843/JBETA.2025.v13.i02
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) memuat hasil penelitian di bidang teknik biosistem (biosystem engineering). Cakupan dari jurnal ini merentang dari aplikasi ilmu keteknikan untuk pertanian. Diantara bidang ilmu tersebut, yang menjadi fokus adalah Bidang Manajemen Keteknikan Pertanian, Teknologi Pascapanen khususnya produk Hortikultura, Rekayasa dan Ergonomika, Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam, serta khusus tentang aplikasi Instrumentasi dan Sistem kontrol dalam bidang pertanian.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 740 Documents
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Pengembangan Algoritma Image Processing untuk Menduga Hasil Panen Padi Made Arya Bhaskara Putra; I Made Anom S. Wijaya; Yohanes - Setiyo
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 3 No 1 (2015): Maret
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

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Abstract

The aims of this research were to develop image processing algorithm that can be used for rice yield estimation. This research consist of: 1) image acquisition, 2) image analysis with Adobe Photoshop Cs 4 and MATLAB R2009B, and 3) make the algorithm that suitable for rice yield estimation. This research was testing three method of image processing, i.e. manual pre-processing, thresholding method, and shape of Structuring Elements (SE). Forming algorithm was done by analyzing image yield and be compare with real image. More like image yield with real image, then this method was suitable for doing rice image analysis. The result of analysis showed that process of rice image analysis have to be started with manual pre-processing, using custom thresholding method, and morphology with SE shape disk. The result image of the algorithm showed the most appropriate grain image with real image, and there’s no more image that identified as a grain. Based on number of pixel, the image yield of this method is 117.407 pixel. In conclusion, the algorithm for estimation of rice yield, consist of: image acquisition, manual pre-processing, gray scaling, thresholding custom, morphology with SE shape disk, image resize, and calculation of the number of pixel grain.
Pengaruh Perlakuan Uap Etanol Terhadap Mutu dan Masa Simpan Buah Manggis (Garcinia Mangostana L.) I Gusti Ayu Prapti Pundari; I Made Supartha Utama; Ni Luh Yulianti
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 7 No 1 (2019): Maret
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (481.091 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JBETA.2019.v07.i01.p09

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan uap etanol terhadap mutu dan masa simpan buah manggis pada suhu ruang. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 ragam volume etanol ; 0 ml, 2 ml, dan 4 ml masing-masing diperangkap dalam 5 gram karagenan dan dimasukkan ke dalam sachet teh. Sachet kemudian ditempatkan pada alas styrofoam dimana terdapat 5 buah manggis, selanjutnya ditutup dengan plastik film regang LDPE. Buah manggis tanpa perlakuan atau kontrol disediakan sebagai pembanding. Buah selanjutnya disimpan pada suhu kamar (28±2?). Susut bobot, intensitas kerusakan, vitamin C, total padatan terlarut, warna, kekerasan dan uji organoleptik diamati selama penyimpanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan uap etanol secara umum berpengaruh nyata dalam menurunkan tingkat kerusakan, susut bobot, memperlambat laju perubahan kekerasan, warna kulit dan aril, serta total padatan terlarut dan vitamin C dibandingkan buah kontrol. Demikian pula uap etanol mampu memberikan nilai tingkat kesukaan panelis lebih tinggi terhadap warna dan rasa aril serta penampilan secara kesuluruhan dibandingkan dengan buah kontol. Dari ragam perlakuan volume etanol, 4 mL etanol per kemasan mengkreasi uap terbaik untuk memperlambat laju kerusakan, perubahan mutu, menurunkan susut dan meningkatkan kesukaan panelis. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of etanol vapor on the quality and the shelf life of mangosteen at the room temperature. Three different volumes of ethanol, namely 0 ml, 2 ml and 4 ml, were trapped in the 5 gram carrageenan placed in the tea sachets. The sachet was then put on the basal of styrofoam tray on which 5 fruits were placed and then wraped by streching film LDPE. Control fruits or un-treated fruits were also provided as comparison. The result showed that the ethanol vapor treatments, in general, significantly reduced the intensity of damage, weidght loss, slowing the change rate of texture, color of fruit surface and aril, total soluble solid and vitamin C of the aril, compared to the control fruits. The ethanol vapor was also able to give better preferences of panelists on the color and flavor of the aril, as well as the overall performances of the fruits compared to the controls. The 4 mL ethanol per package created ethanol vapor of which the best vapor to reduce the rate of damage and the change of quality and increase the panelists preferences.
Modifikasi Instalasi Biogas Kotoran Sapi Tipe Fixed Dome di Anggota Kelompok Tani Kanti Sembada Desa Candikuning roy zulkarnaen; IB. Putu Gunadnya; Yohanes Setiyo
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 5 No 1 (2017): maret
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

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Abstract

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang bioreaktor tipe kubah tetap dan untuk menguji kinerjanya. Pada proses pembuatan biogas dari kotoran sapi dengan suhu proses yang optimal. Komponen bioreaktor adalah: bak pemasukan, tangki pencernaan, mantel bioreaktor, kubah bioreaktor, dan bak pengeluaran. Berdasarkan analisis diproleh spesifikasi bioreaktor adalah panjang 426 cm, diameter 160 cm, tinggi 200 cm dan volume total 2,78 m3. Mantel bioreaktor setebal 10 cm diisi dengan pasir. Hasil uji kinerja bioreaktor selama 35 hari menunjukkan bahwa suhu biomassa dalam bioreaktor lebih besar dari suhu lingkungan. Kesenjangan yang terbesar antara kedua suhu adalah 6,8 °C yang dicapai pada hari ke-27 fermentasi dan suhu biomassa adalah 31 °C. Tekanan gas di dalam bioreaktor meningkat sesuai dengan peningkatan suhu biomassa. produksi biogas per hari rata rata mencapai 2,31 liter.pada tekanan 2,5 cmH2O. The purpose of this study were to design fixed-dome typebioreactor and to measure its performance. The biogas was made from cow dung feces withoptimal process temperature. The components of the bioreactor were: biomass inlet, digestion tank, the bioreactor mantle, the bioreactor dome, and outlet basin for sludge. Specification of bioreactor was 426 cm long, diameter of 160 cm, 200 cm height and a total volume of 3.04 m3. The mantle of bioreactor which 10 cm thick was filled with sand. Results of bioreactor performance test showed that for 35 days the temperature of the biomass in the bioreactor was greater than the ambient temperature. The larger gap between both temperature was 6.8° C which achieved at day 27th of fermentation and the biomass temperature was 31° C. The gas pressure inside the bioreactor increased in accordance with the increase of biomass temperature. Biogas production per day achieved at average of 2.,31 liter. Modification Of The Installation Of Biogas Type Fixed Dome From Cow Manure At Member Of Kanti Sembada Farmers Group in Candikuning Village
Tingkat Erodibilitas Tanah pada Budidaya Tanaman Tomat (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) dengan Berbagai Jenis Mulsa Plastik dan Jerami I Muna Bhaskara; I Wayan Tika; I Made Anom S. Wijaya
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 8 No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (330.003 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JBETA.2020.v08.i01.p14

Abstract

Erodibility of the soil is the sensitivity of the soil to erosion, the higher erodibility value of the soil the easier the soil erodes. One way to reduce the rate of erosion is by covering the soil with mulch. The purpose of this study is (1) to know the effect of plastic mulch and straw on the cultivation of tomato plants on the level of soil erodibility and (2) to know the type of mulch which gives the lowest soil erodibility level in tomato cultivation. The design in this study uses a Completely Randomized Design with treatment consisting of tomato plants planted without mulch, tomato plants planted using black plastic mulch, tomato plants planted using silver plastic mulch, tomato plants planted using transparent and tomato plants planted using straw. The results showed that the treatment without mulch and treatment with straw had increased erodibility values, while the treatment using black plastic and using silver plastic had decreased erodibility value. In the treatment with transparent mulch there is no effect in erodibility value. Each treatment had different values but had the same level of category, which is very high. The type of mulch who had the lowest value is the treatment silver plastic mulch with an erodibilitas value of 0,58 at the beginning of cultivation and 0,55 at three months of planting age. Keywords: Soil erodibility, tomato plants, mulch.
IDENTIFIKASI HARAPAN PELANGGAN TERHADAP MUTU PELAYANAN DAN MUTU PROSES PRODUKSI OLAHAN IKAN DI CV. MINA UTAMA Dian Asgar Paradisa; I Wayan Widia; I. G. N. Apriadi Aviantara
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 2 No 2 (2014): Agustus
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi (1) signifikansi kualitas layanan dan (2) faktor kualitas ikan olahan produksi, sesuai dengan harapan pelanggan di perusahaan CV. Mina Utama. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survei. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kepuasan tertinggi terhadap faktor kualitas pelayanan ditunjukkan oleh variabel empati dan tingkat kepentingan tertinggi terhadap faktor-faktor yang ditunjukkan oleh variabel jaminan kualitas pelayanan, sedangkan faktor kualitas aspek aspek produksi diolah variabel bahan baku menunjukkan bahwa dari segi tingkat kepuasan juga dari segi tingkat minat memiliki tingkat tertinggi. Hasil analisis faktor konfirmatori menunjukkan bahwa, lima variabel signifikan yang mempengaruhi kualitas layanan yaitu, variabel tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, dan empathy, dengan variabel reliability faktor terbesar dalam kepuasan dan dalam hal variabel tingkat minat variabel responsiveness memiliki faktor terbesar, hasil analisis faktor konfirmatori berikutnya menunjukkan bahwa, lima variabel signifikan mempengaruhi kualitas proses produksi yaitu, variabel bahan baku, sarana produksi, produksi, pengemasan, dan deskripsi produk, dengan variabel bahan baku memiliki faktor terbesar dalam kepuasan dan dalam hal tingkat variabel tertarik kemasan faktor terbesar. The research aimed to identify (1) the significant of quality service and (2) the quality factor of the production processing fish, in according to the expectations of customers in the company CV. Mina Utama. The method used in the research, was a survey. Results of this research showed that the highest level of satisfaction towards quality service factors indicated by the variable of empathy and the highest level of importance to the factors indicated by the variable of quality service assurance, while the quality factor the aspects of the production processed variable raw materials showed that in terms of the level satisfaction as well in terms of level interest has the highest level. The results were of confirmatory factor analysis showed that, five significant variables affecting the quality service that was, the variable tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy, with variable reliability biggest factor in satisfaction and in terms of the interested rate variable responsiveness has the largest factor, the next results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that, five significant variables affecting the quality of the production processing that was, the variable raw materials, means of production, production, packaging, and product descriptions, with variable raw material has the largest factor in satisfaction and in terms of the level variable interested packaging biggest factor.
Analisis Kinerja Sistem Penggilingan Gabah Sebagai Penunjang Usaha Pertanian Berkelanjutan (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Penebel, Kabupaten Tabanan) Ni Made Ayu Manik Suantari; I G.N. Apriadi Aviantara; I. A. Rina Protiwi Pudja
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 6 No 2 (2018): September
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (380.309 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JBETA.2018.v06.i02.p08

Abstract

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi kinerja mesin dari penggilingan gabah dan mengetahui berapa persen kapasitas yang terpakai dalam penggilingan gabah sehingga dapat mengukur dan menilai keberlanjutan dari produktivitas finansial pada usaha penggilingan gabah. Analisis keberlanjutan finansial menggunakan analisis menghitung NPV (Net Present Value), IRR (Internal Rate of Return), dan BCR (Benefit Cost Ratio). NPV (Net Present Value) adalah salah satu kriteria terpenting dalam evaluasi sebuah investasi, menunjukkan bahwa selisih jumlah kas yang dihasilkan proyek investasi dan nilai investasi yang diperlukan. IRR (Internal Rate of Return) adalah suatu investasi dapat dilakukan apabila laju pengembaliannya lebih besar daripada laju pengembalian investasi ditempat lain. BCR (Benefit Cost Ratio) merupakan suatu analisis yang diperlukan untuk melihat sudah sampai sejauh mana perbandingan antara nilai manfaat terhadap nilai biaya jika dilihat pada kondisi nilai saat ini PV (Present Value). Berdasarkan pada tabel Analisis kinerja operasional produktivitas didapatkan kontribusi terhadap kinerja pada PGK yaitu 21,1%, PGM 32.3% dan PGB 47,5%. Sehingga dalam penggilingan gabah berdasarkan hasil sampling rata-rata yang ada di Kecamatan Penebel untuk PGB mempunyai kontribusi terhadap kinerja operasional yang paling besar dan pada tabel kondisi kinerja mesin penggilingan gabah dalam Intensitas Operasi yang dikerjakan dimana pelaku usaha penggilingan gabah yaitu penggilingan kapasitas besar, menengah ini memiliki kegiatan investasi yang bisa dikatakan layak untuk dilanjutkan atau dikembangkan kembali namun tidak dengan kapasitas kecil karena penggilingan tersebut dikatakan tidak layak untuk dilanjutkan. Hal ini didasarkan pada hasil sampling rata-rata pada setiap kapasitas penggilingan gabah yang terpasang dengan analisis kelayakan finansial yaitu NPV (Net Present Value) yang setiap kapasitasnya berbeda yaitu kapasitas besar Rp. 306.400.273, kapasitas menengah Rp. 190.596.835 dan kapasitas kecil Rp. -15.890.115. IRR (Internal Rate of Return) kapasitas besar 48%, kapasitas menengah 24% dan kapasitas kecil 0.6%. B/C Ratio (Benefit Cost Ratio) kapasitas besar mendapatkan 2,18 dan kapasitas menengah mendapatkan 1,75 sedangkan kapasitas kecil hanya 1,0. The purpose of this study are to know the condition og grain milling machine performance and to know the percentage of capacity used in the machine, thus can measure and assess the sustainability of the financial productivity of the grain milling business. Financial sustainability analyzes use NPV (Net Present Value), IRR (Internal Rate of Return), and BCR (Benefit Cost Ratio) calculations. NPV (Net Present Value) is one of the most important criteria in the evaluation of an investment, indicating that the difference in the amount of cash generated by the investment project and the value of the investment required. IRR (Internal Rate of Return) is an investment can be done if the rate of return is greater than the rate of return on investment at another place. BCR (Benefit Cost Ratio) is an analysis required to see how far the comparison between the value of benefits to the value of the cost when viewed at the current value of PV (Present Value). Based on the table of operational performance of productivity analysis, contribution to performance on small capacity is 21,1%, medium capacity is 32.3%, and large capacity is 47,5%. Therefore, based on the average sampling results in Penebel Sub-district, grain milling with large capacity has the greatest contribution to operational performance and on the table of grinding machine performance conditions in the Operation Intensity done where the grain milling business actors namely the milling of large, medium, capacity has investment activities that can be said worthy to be continued or developed again but not with a small capacity because the milling is said to be inappropriate to continu. Based on the average sampling result on each grain milling capacity installed with a financial feasibility analysis of NPV (Net Present Value) has different capacity where large capacity is Rp. 306.400.273, medium capacity is Rp. 190.596.835, and small capacity is Rp. -15.890.115. In IRR (Internal Rate of Return) large capacity is 48%, medium capacity is 24%, and small capacity is 0,6%. In B / C Ratio (Benefit Cost Ratio), large capacity is 2.18, medium capacity is 1.75, meanwhile small capacity is 1,0.
Kajian Proses Pengomposan Berbahan Baku Limbah Kotoran Sapi dan Kotoran Ayam Putu Citra Dewi; Yohanes Setiyo; I.G.N. Apriadi Aviantara
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 5 No 2 (2017): September
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

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Abstract

Penggunaan kompos sebagai pupuk organik merupakan upaya implementasi sistem low external input on sustainable agriculture (LEISA), penerapan sistem ini dapat (1) meningkatkan proses perbaikan kesehatan lahan, (2) peningkatan kesuburan lahan, dan (3) perbaikan sifat fisik tanah. Permasalahan utama di beberapa SIMANTRI proses pembuatan kompos belum menghasilkan kompos yang memenuhi standar SNI, terutama karena penggunaan bahan baku yang belum memenuhi standar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan komposisi bahan yang terbaik antar kotoran sapi dan kotoran ayam untuk membuat kompos sesuai dengan standar kualitas kompos. Percobaan dengan 5 pelakuan yaitu KS= kotoran sapi, KA= kotoran ayam, KSKA 2:1= kotoran sapi: kotoran ayam 2:1, KSKA 3:1 = kotoran sapi : kotoran ayam 3:1, KSKA 4:1 = kotoran sapi : kotoran ayam 4:1. Analisa dilakukan di laboratorium Ilmu Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Udayana. Proses pengomposan berlangsung selama 2 bulan dengan suhu pengomposan mulai dari 22 0C sampai 53 0C dan pengomposan pada pH mulai dari 4 sampai 7. Bentuk fisik kompos sudah menyerupai tanah yang berwarna hitam kecoklatan. Secara umum, kualitas kompos yang dihasilkan dari lima diperlakukan sesuai dengan SNI 19-7030-2004 dengan hasil akhir kotoran sapi berbanding kotoran ayam 2:1. Suhu 25.71; pH 6.91; karbon 11.14 % ; nitrogen 0.66 % and C / N ratio 15.82 %. The use of compost as organic fertilizer is an effort to implement low external input on sustainable agriculture (LEISA) system, the application of this system can (1) improve the process of land health improvement, (2) increase of soil fertility, and (3) improvement of soil physical properties. The main problem in some SIMANTRI is the process of composting did not produce a good quality compost that meets SNI ( Indonesian National Standard), mainly due to the use of raw materials that have not met the standard. This study aimsed to determine the best composition between cow manure and chicken manure to make compost in accordance with compost quality standards. Experiments trough 5 treatments were KS = cow manure, KA = chicken manure, KSKA 2: 1 = cow manure: chicken manure 2: 1, KSKA 3: 1 = cow manure: chicken manure 3: 1, KSKA 4: 1 = cow manure : chicken manure 4 : 1. The compost analysis compost was conducted in the Soil Science Laboratory of Faculty of Agriculture Udayana University. The composting process has done for 2 months with composting temperatures rangied from 22 0C to 53 0C and composting at pH rangied from 4 to 7. Physical form of compost already resembles a brownish-black soil. Generally, the quality of the compost produced has fullfiled with SNI 19-7030-2004 with the final result of cow dung versus 2: 1 chicken feces. Temperature 27.04 0C, pH 6.85, Carbon 11.14%, Nitrogen 0.64% and C/N ratio of 15.82%.
Pengaruh Pemberian Kompos pada Budidaya Tanaman Kacang Tunggak Terhadap Erodibilitas Tanah Ronni Agriva Sembiring; Yohanes Setiyo; Sumiyati - Sumiyati
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 1 No 1 (2013): Maret
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

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Abstract

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kompos pada budidaya kacang tunggak terhadap erodibilitas tanah. Penelitian ini juga diharapkan dapat memperbaiki sifat fisik tanah dan mengurangi erosi suatu tanah. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok di mana perbandingan tanah dan kompos terdiri dari 6 tingkatan yaitu tanah 100%; 97,5% tanah : 2,5% kompos; 95% tanah : 5% kompos; 92,5% tanah : 7,5% kompos; 90% tanah : 10% kompos; 87,5% tanah : 12,5% kompos; dan 85% tanah :15% kompos. Penelitian diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah sifat fisik tanah antara lain: struktur tanah, permeabilitas tanah, tekstur tanah, dan sifat kimia tanah yaitu bahan C-organik tanah, maupun penentuan nilai erodibilitas tanah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kompos pada tanah dalam budidaya kacang tunggak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tekstur tanah, permeabilitas tanah, dan bahan C-organik tanah tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap struktur tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbandingan tanah dan kompos pada budidaya kacang tunggak85% : 15% merupakan perlakuan terbaik untuk mendapatkan nilai erodibilitas tanah yang rendah. This research was conducted to determine the effect of provision compost in cowpea cultivation against soil erodibility. It was also expected that the research can improve soil physical characteristics and reduce soil erosion.The design used during this research was randomized group design with the ratio of soil and compost. Ratio of soil and compost consists of six levels; soil 100%, 97.5% soil: 2.5% compost, 95% soil: 5% compost; 92.5% soil: 7.5% compost 90% soil: 10 %compost; 87.5% soil: 12.5% compost and 85% soil: 15% compost. The research was repeated three times. Parameters observed in this study were the physical characteristics of soil, those are: soil structure, soil permeability, soil texture and chemical characteristics of soil that is C-organic material, as well as the determination of soil erodibility values.The results of this research showed that the ratio of soil and compost at cowpea cultivation significantly affected on soil texture, soil permeability, and C-organic materials; however it did not significantly affect the soil structure. Therefore, the best ratio of the soil and compost in cowpea cultivation is 85%: 15% to produce low soil erodibility values.
Penerapan Koefisien Pemias untuk Redesain Bangunan Tembuku Pengalapan pada Jaringan Irigasi Subak I Made Marta Supriawan; I Wayan Tika; I Made Anom Sutrisna Wijaya
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 6 No 1 (2018): Maret
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

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Abstract

Bangunan bagi tembuku pengalapan merupakan salah satu bangunan bagi sadap yang digunakan pada subak. Adanya infiltrasi, evaporasi, dan bocoran pada saluran irigasi di subak menyebabkan berkurangnya debit air yang seharusnya diterima oleh petani. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) untuk mengetahui koefisien pemias pada saluran kuarter atau telabah penyahcah di subak, dan (2) untuk mendapatkan dimensi bangunan bagi sadap individual (tembuku pengalapan) yang memberi keadilan secara proporsional dengan luas lahan yang dialiri ditinjau dari aspek pemias dalam rangka untuk mendesain ulang bangunan bagi. Analisis debit riil dilakukan dengan mengukur lebar ambang dan tinggi air pada bangunan bagi dan debit seharusnya dihitung dengan menggunakan perbandingan luas lahan yang dialiri. Debit riil dan debit seharusnya digunakan untuk menentukan koefisien pemias dan koefisien pemias digunakan untuk menentukan desain lebar ambang seharusnya pada bangunan bagi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis rata-rata koefisien pemias adalah sebesar 0.024. Nilai RMSE pada tembuku pengalapan adalah 13,2 %. Disain ulang pada bangunan bagi tembuku pengalapan dengan menerapkan koefisien pemias secara teoritis menghasilkan nilai RMSE dibawah 10%. Tembuku Pengalapan is one of the dividing and tappping structure which used in subak irrigation. The infiltration, evaporation, and leakage in the subak irrigation channel can cause the decreasing discharge which should be propertly accepted by farmer. The purpose of this reasearce are: (1) to know the pemias coefisien in the quarter channel or telabah penyahcah in the subak irrigation. (2) to get the dimension of the individual dividing and tapping structure which can give proporsionally justice correspond to the area of land being flow in term of pemias aspect for redesign the dividing and tapping structure. The analysis of real discharge conducted by measured the width and high of water in the dividing and tapping structure, while the propertly discharge measure by use the area of land being flow. The real discharge were use to determine the pemias coefisien and those was used to determine the pemias width in the dividing and tapping structure. Based on the analysis result, the average of pemias coefisien was 0,024. The RMSE value in tembuku pengalapan was 13,2 %. By redisgn the tembuku pengalapan based on pemias coefisien, teoritically result the RMSE value under 10 %.
Karakteristik Asap Cair Batang Bambu Tabah (Gigantochloa nigrociliata BUSE-KURZ) yang Dipirolisis pada Suhu yang Berbeda I Gusti Ngurah Agung Yogi Angga Diatmika; Pande Ketut Diah Kencana; Gede Arda
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 7 No 2 (2019): September
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (502.842 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JBETA.2019.v07.i02.p07

Abstract

Asap cair merupakan asam cuka (vinegar) yang diperoleh dengan cara pirolisis seperti kayu, tempurung kelapa, cangkang kelapa sawit dan serabut kelapa yang kemudian diikuti dengan proses kondensasi dalam kondensor berpendingin air. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui rendemen dan karakteristik asap cair yang dihasilkan dari proses pirolisis batang bambu tabah dengan perlakuan suhu yang berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan batang bambu tabah yang sudah dipotong dengan panjang 5 cm. Masing-masing perlakuan menggunakan 3 kg batang bambu tabah. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu, reaktor pirolisis berbentuk tabung dengan diameter 38 cm dan tinggi 50 cm. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan suhu pirolisis yang berbeda yaitu perlakuan suhu pirolisis 200oC, 300oC dan 400oC. Karakteristik asap cair yang diamati adalah pH, rendemen, total fenol, total asam dan densitas asap cair. Penelitian menunjukan bahwa perlakuan suhu pirolisis berpengaruh terhadap rendemen, total asam serta total fenol, namun suhu pirolisis tidak berpengaruh pada pH dan densitas asap cair. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa rendemen asap cair tertinggi sebesar 46,11% pada pirolisis suhu 400oC namun total asamnya paling rendah dibandingkan dengan pirolisis pada suhu 200oC yang total asamnya mencapai 13,774% sedangkan untuk total fenol tertinggi terdapat pada suhu pirolisis 300oC sebesar 24,19 mg/L. Liquid smoke is an acetic acid (vinegar) which is obtained by pyrolysis of such as wood, coconut shell, palm shells and coconut fibers which are then followed by a condensation process in a water-cooled-condenser. The purpose of this study is to determine yield and characteristics of the liquid smoke produced from the pyrolysis of "Tabah" bamboo stems with different temperature treatments. This study uses "Tabah" bamboo stems that have been cut into 5 cm length. The treatment used 3 kg of "Tabah" bamboo sticks. A tubular pyrolysis reactor with 38 cm in diameter and height of 50 cm was used in this research. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 different pyrolysis temperature treatments, namely 200oC, 300oC and 400oC. The observed characteristics of liquid smoke were pH, yield, total phenol, total acid and liquid smoke density. Research shows that treatment of pyrolysis temperature affects total yield and total phenol, but has no effect on pH and density of liquid smoke. The highest liquid smoke yield (46.11%) was obtained at pyrolysis temperature of 400oC (12,354% total acid) but its total acid is lower than of 200oC which reached 13.774%. However the highest total phenol is producid at pyrolysis temperature of 300oC (24.19 mg /l).

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