MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal)
Malang Neurology Journal is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting neurological sciences generated from basic neurosciences and clinical neurology. This journal publishes original articles, reviews, and also interesting case reports. Brief communications containing short features of medicine, latest developments in diagnostic procedures of neurology disease, treatment, or other health issues related to neurology that is important also acceptable. Letters and commentaries of our published articles are welcome.
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<![CDATA[MANAGEMENT DYSPHAGIA IN POST-STROKE PATIENTS RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INDONESIAN NURSING INTERVENTION STANDARDS: A LITERATURE REVIEW ]]>
<![CDATA[Syahrun, Syahrun]]>;
<![CDATA[Hany, Alfrina]]>;
<![CDATA[Rahayu, Masruroh]]>
<![CDATA[ MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): January ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2022.008.01.9
<![CDATA[Background: Dysphagia often occurs in post-stroke patients, causing aspiration that can result in disability or death. Nurses have an essential role to play in preventing these complications as they 24/7 care for patients. However, there is no written standard of nursing care regarding specific interventions of post-stroke dysphagia in reality.Objective: The purpose of this article is to conduct a literature review of interventions that can be made in patients with post-stroke dysphagia so that it can be a recommendation for Indonesian nursing standards.Design: Electronic literature searches PubMed, EBSCO (Medline), ProQuest, and ScienceDirect databases from January 2011 to October 2020. There was sixteen studies reviewed included in this systematic study were experimental, randomized controlled trials, or systematic reviews (which are also experimental designs, randomized controlled trials). The study focused on non-invasive interventions performed on post-stroke dysphagia patients.Results: Interventions in dysphagia found, namely: The use of food thickeners against the risk of aspiration resulted in the patient's swallowing ability significantly increased by 71.9% (p <0.01); Chin down intervention combined with thickening fluid provides a solution to improve the nutritional needs of patients dysphagia post-stroke; Tongue training interventions, swallowing training and speech therapy; Tongue stretching exercises that have a positive effect on tongue motility and oromotor function in post-stroke dysphagia patients; Intervention of Tongue resistance training that increases the strength of the tongue and reduces fluid residue in the vallecular; and early screening of dysphagia by nurses using formal guidelines to manage dysphagia patients thereby reducing chest infections and mortality.Conclusion: Nurses should not diagnose dysphagia, but can identify post-stroke dysphagia to determine the interventions necessary for nutrition management, hydration, and aspiration prevention. Interventions include early dysphagia screening within 24 hours after stroke, thickening nutrition according to nutritionist recommendations, laryngeal elevation exercises, peripheral stimulation, posture regulation, and education on eating and drinking.]]>
<![CDATA[PROFILE OF HISTORY OF FEBRILE SEIZURE IN PATIENTS WITH EPILEPSY ]]>
<![CDATA[Basyarahil, Rayhan Muhammad]]>;
<![CDATA[Islamiyah, Wardah Rahmatul]]>;
<![CDATA[Gunawan, Prastiya Indra]]>
<![CDATA[ MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): January ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2022.008.01.5
<![CDATA[Background: Febrile seizure is convulsions with fever (temperature ³38°C) with no central nervous system infection that commonly found in children (6-60 months). Febrile seizures do not always mean the child has epilepsy. However, febrile seizures can be a possible long-term risk factor for epilepsy.Objective: The objective of this study is to know the profile of febrile seizure in patients with epilepsy.Methods: A retrospective descriptive study on 23 patients with epilepsy in the EEG Department of Neurology, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia in the period 2018-2019 based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The total number of epilepsy patients is 849 patients, 216 of whom had a history of febrile seizure. Among 216 epilepsy patients who had a history of febrile seizures, 23 of them were qualified as the sample. The sampling technique used was total population sampling. The instrument of this research is the patients’ medical record. Data analysis is carried out descriptively.Results: The characteristics of the history of febrile seizures that found in patients with epilepsy are more patients are male, have the age of onset on less than 2 years old, have the body temperature more than 38.3°C, have the seizure duration less than 15 minutes, have focal seizures, have recurrent seizures in 24 hours, have a history of more than one febrile seizure, have accompanying neurological disorders, and have no family history of epilepsy.Conclusion: Febrile seizure is still becoming a concern because there is a possibility that it may develop into epilepsy. Even though, not all children who experience febrile seizure will generate epilepsy.]]>
<![CDATA[CLOSING THE GAP FOR PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF PAINFUL DIABETIC NEUROPATHY : THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF VITAMIN D ]]>
<![CDATA[Pinzon, Rizaldy Taslim]]>;
<![CDATA[Angela, Angela]]>
<![CDATA[ MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): January ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2022.008.01.10
<![CDATA[Painful neuropathic pain is a challenging chronic pain to treat. It is heterogeneous in symptoms and could be resistant to the available treatments regimen. Current pharmacological treatments fail to achieve adequate pain relief in a most patients. The previous review showed that only less than 50% of patients can achieve good pain reduction with standard adjuvant treatment. The available adjuvants analgesic only focus in the symptom control, and do not interfere with the progressing damage of the nerve. Vit D insufficiency is quite frequent in type 2 diabetes patients.diabetes, particularly those with symptoms of DPN. The studies also showed that low serum vitamin D levels are an independent predictor of DPN development. Vitamin D supplementation is necessary for diabetic neuropathy patients since it promotes the synthesis of neurotrophins and neurotransmitters. Additional vitamin D therapy have big role in nerve growth factor and the regulation of neurotrophin and Ca2+ homeostasis in neurons, and provides protection for neurons in the peripheral nervous system.  In this review, we do systematically search the studies about Vitamin D for the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathic condition. We used PubMed, Cochrane, Clinical Key, and search Google Scholar for papers that used vitamin D phrases. and painful diabetic neuropathy as our major database for this review and we make a systematic table to explain our review. However, there is still an unmet need in the management of neuropathic pain. The unmet needs maybe caused by the gap between pharmacological treatmnet in pain reduction in painful diabetic neuropathy patients. Therefore, in this review we discuss about the potential use of vitamin D as an add-on therapy to closing the gap in the management of neuropathic pain.]]>
<![CDATA[ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER SYMPTOMS IN ADULTS WITH ESSENTIAL TREMOR ]]>
<![CDATA[Oguzturk, Omer]]>;
<![CDATA[Alpua, Murat]]>;
<![CDATA[Ulusoy, Ersin Kasim]]>
<![CDATA[ MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): January ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2022.008.01.1
<![CDATA[Background: Essential tremor is the most common movement disorder. İn this disease, which is characterized by tremor that increases with action and passes at rest, different accompanying symptoms can also be seen.Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms in adults with ET.Methods: Fifty six essential tremor patients and 56 controls were included in the study. Patients were recruited from outpatient clinic at Kirikkale University Medicine Faculty. An informed consent form was signed by each patient after detailed information. Institutional ethics committee approval was obtained. Patients’ characteristics such as education level, gender, age and disease duration were recorded. Symptoms of ADHD in patients and controls were determined by using the Adult Report Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder Self Report Scale. Short Form-36 and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were also performed. Essential tremor severity was determined by using the Whiget essential tremor scale.Results: Essential tremor patients had significantly higher rate of Adult Attention Disorder Self-Report Scale Deficit/Hyperactivity scores compared to controls. Scores of Adult Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report Scale were associated with depression and anxiety scores and physical and mental component scores of Short Form-36 in bivariate analyses. There was a positive correlation between tremor severity and ASRS scores( ASRS A scores= 17,3±5,5, p=0,032, ASRS B scores= 27,7±6,7,p=0,043, ASRS T scores= 45±12,2, p=0,017) however there was no significant statistical relationship between the duration of disease and ASRS scores.Conclusion: This study showed that ADHD symptoms can be observed in adult essential tremor patients and this may be associated with increased psychosocial morbidity and lowered quality of life in ET patients.]]>
<![CDATA[EFFECT OF DATE FRUIT (PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA L.) EXTRACT ON TNFα LEVELS AND BRAIN WEIGHT OF ALZHEIMER’S MODEL RATS ]]>
<![CDATA[Marintan, Elita]]>;
<![CDATA[Wasita, Brian]]>;
<![CDATA[Magna, Adi]]>
<![CDATA[ MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): January ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2022.008.01.6
<![CDATA[Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by brain inflammation resulted in structural damage and brain dysfunction. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) is a cytokine that plays an important role in inflammation. Dates fruit may help to fight oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain.Objective: To determine the effect of date fruit extracts on blood TNFα levels and brain weight of alzheimer’s model rats.Methods: This research is a laboratory experimental study by post-test only with control group design using alzheimer model rats. This study used 6 treatment groups with simple randomization. Each treatment group was represented by 8 Sprague Dawley rats. The normal control group (KN) was not induced by Hcy and was not given date palm extract, the negative control group (K-) was the Alzheimer's experimental rats which was not given the date palm extract, the positive group was the Alzheimer's experimental rats which was given the Donepezil (K+). Groups P1, P2, P3 were Alzheimer's experimental rats that were given date palm extract at a dose of 200, 400,800 mg / kgBW / day. The effect of date palm extract dosage on TNFα levels and brain weight were analyzed using the One Way Anova test followed by Tukey's post hoc test.Results: The difference in TNFα levels between groups showed a significant difference (p = 0.00). Meanwhile there was no significant difference in brain weight among all groups (p > 0,05). Conclusion: Date palm extract at doses of 200, 400, 800 mg / kgBW can decrease blood TNFα levels of Alzheimer’s model rats.]]>
<![CDATA[A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH INTO STEREOSCOPIC VISION ]]>
<![CDATA[Wulandari, Lely Retno]]>
<![CDATA[ MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): January ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2022.008.01.11
<![CDATA[Stereopsis (or stereoscopic) vision is the ability to see depth of perception, which is created by the difference in angle of view between both eyes. The first process is known as simultaneous perception. Objects will fall on each corresponding retina and there will be a process of fusion of the two images into one. Then, the brain initiates three-dimensional perception in visual cortex, creating stereoscopic vision. Stereoscopic vision will rapidly develop, especially at the age of 6-8 months of life. Stereoscopic is important in daily activities. There are many stereoacuity tests to evaluate stereoscopic vision. Stereoscopic examinations are based on the principle of haploscope, anaglyph, or polaroid vectograph. There are qualitative and quantitative examination methods to assess stereoscopic vision. Qualitative examinations such as Horizontal Lang Two Pencil test and Synoptophore. Quantitative examination including Contour stereopsis test and Clinical random dot stereopsis test. The inability of the eye to see stereoscopic can be called stereoblindness. This can be affected by amblyopia, decreased visual acuity, or the presence of ocular misalignment. Inability to achieve stereoscopic vision will impact an individual to perform some daily life activities, and lead to an increase in difficulty interacting in the world.]]>
<![CDATA[STUDY OF SIGNIFICANCE OF PHASE MASK IMAGE IN ACUTE STROKE PATIENTS ]]>
<![CDATA[Nerella, Krishna Teja]]>;
<![CDATA[Ayapaneni, Dileep Reddy]]>;
<![CDATA[Srikonda, Surekha]]>
<![CDATA[ MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): January ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2022.008.01.2
<![CDATA[Background: Phase images contains information regarding local susceptibility changes between the tissues, which can help measure the iron and other content which changes the local field. Typically, this information is ignored before looking at console. Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) is a magnetic resonance (MR) technique detects an early hemorrhagic transformation within the infarct to provide insight into cerebral hemodynamics following the stroke.Objective: Significance of “phase mask imaging in differentiation of hemorrhage and calcifications†in acute stroke patients.Methods: An observational non-interventional study carried out on 100 patients with stroke and headache symptoms. MRI Brain Stroke Profile with FLAIR, DWI, ADC, SWAN, and Phase mask sequences, done on 3T GE MRI scanner.Results: All patients underwent MRI study with SWI sequence. Of 183 cases, 33%(n=60) patients had microbleeds, 5%(n=10) patients had granulomas, 32%(n=58) patients had arterial thrombus with infarct, 11%(n=20) patients had falx calcifications, 11%(n=20) patients had intraparenchymal haemorrhage, and 8%(n=15) patients had infarcts with haemorrhagic transformation. The sensitivity of phase imaging in the detection of calcification was 90%.Conclusion: Phase mask imaging plays an important role to detect intracranial calcifications and chronic microbleeds. Phase mask imaging acts as a supplement tool in acute stroke patients, which guides further management.]]>
<![CDATA[COMPARISON OF COGNITIVE FUNCTION BETWEEN FIRST ISCHEMIC STROKE AND RECURRENT ISCHEMIC STROKE PATIENTS ]]>
<![CDATA[Rizkia, Fildza Intan]]>;
<![CDATA[Calista, Chandra]]>;
<![CDATA[Gunadharma, Suryani]]>;
<![CDATA[Hermawan, Asep Nugraha]]>;
<![CDATA[Amalia, Lisda]]>;
<![CDATA[Ong, Paulus Anam]]>
<![CDATA[ MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): January ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2022.008.01.7
<![CDATA[Background: Cognitive impairment is a common condition that may affect up to 50% of stroke patients. Post stroke cognitive impairment is associated with reduced quality of life, which may increase the number of dependency. Recurrent stroke may happen in approximately 25% patients and they have higher rates of cognitive impairment.Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the comparison of cognitive function between first ischemic stroke and recurrent ischemic stroke patients in Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung.Methods: This study is a retrospective, cross-sectional study using the data recruited between the year 2012 - 2016 at the Department of Neurology at the Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung. The data collected in this study were demographic data, including age, level of education, and residence, and the clinical data as well. Cognitive function was assessed using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The comparison between the cognitive function between both groups were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test.Results: There were 428 subjects eligible for this study, with 207 subjects categorized as first ischemic stroke group and 221 subjects categorized as recurrent ischemic stroke group. There was a statistically significant difference in MMSE scores between the first ischemic stroke patients (24.90 ± 4.64) and recurrent ischemic stroke patients (22.85 ± 4.64 ) with a p value of 0.002.Conclusion: Recurrent ischemic stroke patients had lower MMSE scores than the first ischemic stroke patients. Clinicians should be more aware in detecting early cognitive impairment in stroke patients and in preventing the incidence of recurrent stroke.]]>
<![CDATA[THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CEREBROSPINAL FLUID PRESSURE AND ATHEROGENIC INDEX OF PLASMA IN IDIOPATIC INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION PATIENTS ]]>
<![CDATA[Şimşek, Fatma]]>;
<![CDATA[Yevgi, Recep]]>;
<![CDATA[Dağcı, Yıldız]]>
<![CDATA[ MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): January ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2022.008.01.3
<![CDATA[Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a disease thought to be associated with obesity and rapid weight gain. There is no objective parameter with practical use in its follow-up and treatment other than optical coherence tomography.Objective: The aim of our study is to investigate the relationship between atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure.Methods: Serum vitamin B12, vitamin D, homocysteine, folic acid, triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, CSF pressure, CSF microprotein levels were recorded from the file data of patients diagnosed with IIH. AIP was calculated by dividing the TG level logarithmically by HDL-C. Height (kg) and weight (kg) data of the patients were used to calculate the body mass index (BMI).Results: File data of 64 patients were examined. 8 patients with secondary intracranial hypertension were excluded from the study. 80.36% of the patients were overweight, 16.07% were obese, 3.57% were with normal weight. There was no significant correlation between vitamin B12, vitamin D, homocysteine, HDL-C and CSF microprotein levels and CSF pressure level in patients with a diagnosis of IIH. There was a negative correlation between folic acid level and CSF pressure level, and a positive correlation between BMI, TG, AIP and CSF pressure level.Conclusion: Using folic acid supplements and drugs that reduce TG levels can contribute positively to the course of the disease.]]>
<![CDATA[THE ROLE OF INTRAOPERATIVE NEUROPHYSIOLOGIC MONITORING TO ENHANCE SUCCESSFUL ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY ]]>
<![CDATA[Sananta, Panji]]>;
<![CDATA[Wijaya, Anindita Eka Pramana]]>;
<![CDATA[Putera, Marvin Anthony]]>
<![CDATA[ MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): January ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2022.008.01.8
<![CDATA[One of the main advance in orthopaedic surgery domain has a goal to investigates the safest and harmless method in surgical procedures. Less complications means a better outcome of surgery. One of the commonest risks at orthopaedic surgery is central and peripheral nerve injury. The modality of Intraoperative Neurophysiologic Monitoring (IONM) which act to limit the risk of nerve injury during operative procedure through the evaluation of nerve integrity and function enable the surgeon to decrease injury to the nerve associated with orthopaedic surgical procedure in the operating room. This article aims to explain and describe the latest modality of IONM, its basic concept and its function at surgery. The last part of the article discussed about orthopaedic surgical techniques which use IONM. The authors hope that this article will enhance the knowledge of all the readers about IONM. This article was written based on literature study searched at Google Scholar, Medline and PubMed. The references were taken from a relatively up to date study ranging from 2013-2018. The article was selected according to the authors inclusion criteria and six articles was chosen as the references for this review. As a conclusion, IONM has an important role to increase successful rate of surgery through minimizing nerve injury risk during surgical procedure.]]>
