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INDONESIA
BERITA BIOLOGI
Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 24 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 14, No 1 (2015)" : 24 Documents clear
RAGAM GENETIK TIGA POPULASI SEPAT SIAM (Trichopodus pectoralis Regan; Osphronemidae) ASAL KALIMANTAN MENGGUNAKAN ANALISIS RAPD DAN PENGUKURAN MORPHOMETRIC TRUSS [Genetic Diversity of Three Populations of Snakeskin Gourami (Trichopodus pectoralis Regan; Osphronemidae) from Kalimantan Based on RAPD Analysis and Truss Morphometrics Measurements] Iskandariah, Iskandariah; Soelistyowati, Dinar Tri; Gustiano, Rudhy; Kusmini, Irin Iriana; Huwoyon, Gleni Hasan
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 14, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (557.892 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v14i1.1866

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of three populations of Snakeskin Gourami (Trichopodus pectoralis;Osphronemidae)from three provinces of Indonesian Borneo:West, Central, and South Kalimantan using Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA (RAPD) and morphometric truss methods.DNA amplification using primer OPC-02,OPC-05,and OPA-09 resulted in 21 to 28 fragments with sizes ranged from 200 to 1600 bp, polymorphism value was of 7.14 to 25.00%, heterozygosity was of 0.02 to 0.11 and the genetic distance between populations was of 0.27 to 0.28.Truss morphometrics analysis showed that the coefficient of variability was ranging between 2.75 to 12.52%.There were 9 characters that can be used as diagnostic characters for Snakeskin Gourami. The intra population similarity index in Snakeskin Gourami populations from West Kalimantan was the highest (80%) followed by populations from Central Kalimantan (16.7%) and South Kalimantan (3.3%).The results of RAPD and truss morphometric analysis suggested that populations from West Kalimantan have higher genetic diversity than populations from Central and South Kalimantan.
ISOLASI DAN AKTIVITAS PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA (RHIZOBIUM, AZOSPIRILLUM, AZOTOBACTER, PSEUDOMONAS) DARI TANAH PERKEBUNAN KARET, LAMPUNG [Isolation And Activity Of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (Rhizobium, Azospirillum, Azotobacter, Pseudomonas) From Soil Of Rubber Plantation, Lampung] Widawati, Sri
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 14, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (840.976 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v14i1.1868

Abstract

Analysis of phosphate dissolving activity, P dissolved; PMEase and IAA production by Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria group(PGPR)is a parameter to determine the effectiveness of these bacteria as biological organic fertilizer (BOF).This study was aimed to obtain PGPR (Rhizobium, Azospirillum, Azotobacter, Pseudomonas) that were potential as a BOF to reclamation on degraded plantation area. This study used a random sampling method for 11 sampling points (1999P1, 1999P2, 1999P3, 1999P4, 1999P5, 2007P, 2007P1,2007P2, 2007P3, 2007P4, 2007P5) in the area of rubber plant roots.Isolation and counting of bacterial populations used plate count method on selective media (YEMA, Okon, Caceres, NFB AMA, PAB) whereas phosphate dissolving activity analysis, Dissolution Efficiency Index (DE), PMEase and IAA production following the method of Nguyen, Bray, Seshadri, Tabatabai, and Gravel.The results showed that of the 11 sampling points, 11 isolates were obtained effectively consisting of four groups of bacteria, namely: Rhizobium,5 5 5 5 Azospirillum, Azotobacter and Pseudomonas with the number of population: 3.3x10 , 80x10 , 20x10 , and 14x10 cfu.The results of the analysis of DE, soluble P, PMEase acid-base, and the highest IAA obtained from the bacterium isolated from the sampling point 1999P3 and 1999P1. This potential isolates will be used to the next research on reclamation of degraded land plantation
TIGA SPESIES PERONOSCLEROSPORA PENYEBAB PENYAKIT BULAI JAGUNG DI INDONESIA Rustiani, Ummu S.; Sinaga, Meity S.; Hidayat, Sri Hendrastuti; Wiyono, Suryo
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 14, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v14i1.1860

Abstract

Downy mildew is very detrimental disease of maize production in Indonesia. Adequate information regarding the identification key based on morphological and morphometric characteristic of the causal fungi of maize downy mildew in Indonesia is limited. Study for detection and identification of morphological, morphometric, and moleculer base is urgently required. Artificial sporulation induction method performed to obtain the morphology of the fungus as a whole.The fungi were morphologically identified as symptomatic maize downy mildew collected from 13 provinces in Indonesia.Three species, namely P. maydis, P.sorghi, and P. philippinensis were identified based on the shape,size, and conidial cell wall thickness, size and number of branching coniodiophores, and long sterigmata.Confirmation by PCR succesfully amplified target DNA of P. maydis, P. sorghi, and P. philippinensis. The identification key of third species of Peronosclerospora accurately to be used in identification of Peronosclerospora causes downy mildew of maize in Indonesia.This identification key is recommended as a method of identification of the causal downy mildew of maize in Indonesia.
SEED GERMINATION OF THE CORPSE GIANT FLOWER Amorphophallus titanum (Becc.) Becc. Ex Arcang: THE INFLUENCE OF TESTA [Perkecambahan Biji Bunga Bangkai Raksasa Amorphophallus titanum (Becc.) Becc. ex Arcang: Pengaruh Testa] Latifah, Dian; Purwantoro, RS
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 14, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (542.624 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v14i1.1861

Abstract

Amorphophallus titanum is famous as the gigantic inflorescense and economically prospective due to its 20% glucomannan contents.Various cultivation techniques including germination have been conducted due to the delay in the seed germination of Amorphophallus titanum. Previous studies revealed that A. titanum seeds has not produced faster and better germination rate.Therefore this research was aimed to test the following hypotheses: (1) Fruit pericarp and the pericarp inhibited the germination,(2) testa/seed coat inhibited germination, (3) GA3hormone promoted the germination rate.The germination pattern was also monitored. The experiments consisted of:Experiment 1: sowing the fruit with the seeds inside and Experiment 2 with two treatments: testa peeling and GA3 hormone treatments. The results of Experiment 1 showed that the fruit pericarp and the pericarp inhibited the germination for 124 days. Experiment 2 resulted in: (1) the delay of the germination for 7-35 days caused by the testa/seed coat, (2) GA3 hormone promoted the germination rate 2.19 coefficient of germination rate; and higher GA3 (1000 ppm) may enhance the seedling growth (reached the highest 23.6 ± 1.3).We also recorded developmental stages from the seed germination, first-leaf emergence and tuber development in series of photographs overtime during the experimental period.
STUDI PERBANYAKAN VEGETATIF TANAMAN TAKA (TACCA LEONTOPETALOIDES (L.) KUNTZE) DAN POLA PERTUMBUHANNYA Wawo, Albert Husein; Lestari, Peni
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 14, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v14i1.1857

Abstract

Polynesian arrowroot (Tacca leontopetaloides), taka, is one of the tuberous plants that distributed near the sea shore to 220 m above sea level. Taka produces two kind of tubers, parent tuber and peripheral tuber. Local people in several locations used taka for forages, cakes, cosmetics and woven. This plant is a minor crop comodity in Indonesia, so it is not widely cultivated yet, and no informations about taka propagation method and its cultivation. Taka produces both tuber and seed for regeneration propose. Aim of this study was to investigate vegetative propagation of taka and its growth pattern. Results showed that propagation by parent tuber required 24 weeks after sowing to produce new peripheral tuber. Material propagation from new peripheral tuber will become new plant. This new plant will produce next generation tuber in 5 months later. Propagation by peripheral tuber (from field exploration) required 24 -28 weeks after sowing to produce next generation plant with leaves and flower stalk directly. Stolon and the next generation tuber were also produced. Taka tuber can be harvested when its leaf turned yellowish.
RESPON TANAMAN JAGUNG VARIETAS LOKAL NTT UMUR SANGAT GENJAH (PENA TUNU’ ANA’) TERHADAP CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN  Murningsih, Tri; Yulita, Kusumadewi Sri; Bora, Charles Y.; Arsa, I.G.B. Adwita
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 14, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v14i1.1865

Abstract

In dry land areas such as Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT), low production of maize may due to selection of using local varieties that are mostly drought tolerant.One of the local varieties known as Pena Tunu? Ana? have been harversted in very early age of 1.5 month, hence it was categorised as very early mature maize. This variety is therefore play an important role in the food security system for people in NTT as they can be harvested earlier than other varieties. However, no information has yet on how this variety response to drought stress. Drought stress is one of the factors causing the decline in maize production. This study was conducted at experimental house in Cibinong Science Centre (CSC) to evaluate responses of Pena Tunu? Ana? against drought stress treatment. The experiment was done in six degree of drought treatments, 0 (control), 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 days with 4 replications. Parameters measured were soil water, relative leaf water,proline and sugar content in leaves and roots at each level of drought stressed. Results showed that with increasing level of drought stress,soil water and relative leaf water content were decreased while proline and sugar content were increased. At the same level of drought stress, accumulation of proline and sugar in the roots was higher than those in the leaves. Drought stress terminated at 16 days, where the roots content of proline reached 10.36 mg/g and sugar 110.91 mg/g, while the leaves content of proline was of 2.84 mg/g and sugar was of 38.44 mg/g. At the level of drought stress during 16 days, the plants suffered temporary wilting but refreshed after watering.
POTENSI TO’TOAN (TACCA LEONTOPETALOIDES (L.) O.KUNTZE) SEBAGAI BAHAN PANGAN DI PULAU KANGEAN, JAWA TIMUR Susiarti, Siti
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 14, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v14i1.1870

Abstract

Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) O. Kuntze has the potential as food alternative source from its tubers and therefore selected for food diversification study.This research was conducted on Kangean island using open-ended interview methods,field observations,purposive sampling and chemical analysis.Tacca leontopetaloides still not much known and utilizated by the local people in East Java.The plant has different local names for each region, such as in Madura they known as "lorkong" and "oto'o", while in Kangean island,known as "to?toan". In Kangean island, local people utilized the tuber to make flour using simple process. The flour was used as a substitute for wheat flour mainly as an ingredient for porridge, cakes ?serpot? and ?eped-eped (omelette)?. The species was generally grow wild in teak garden, so they can be used as an alternative crop under the teak stands. Proximate analysis of Tacca leontopetaloides tubers was also carried out and showed that they contained: 2.67 ? 2.71 % of ash; 6.73 - 7.84 % of protein; 0.43 ? 1.90 % of fat; 0.41 - 0.60 % of crude fibre; 77.09 - 82.65 % of carbohydrate and available energy 352.36 - 365.83 Kcal/100g based on dry weight. Mineral content was also analysed and showed the following value: 173.50 - 173.67 mg/100g of magnesium; 4.00 - 8.69 mg/100g of iron; 69.89 - 87.72 mg/100g of calsium; 904.86 - 966.74 mg/100g of potassium; and 222.59 - 270.46 mg/100g of phosphor. Hence, Tacca leontopetaloides has sufficient nutrient contents from its carbohydrate and mineral.
TOKSISITAS AKUT ORAL DUA SENYAWA BISANTRAKUINON (+)-2,2’-EPISITOSKIRIN A DAN (+)-1,1’-BISLUNATIN [ORAL ACUTE TOXICITY OF TWO BISANTHRAQUINONES (+)-2,2’-EPICYTOSKYRIN A AND (+)-1,1’-BISLUNATIN] Praptiwi, Praptiwi; Nurkanto, Arif; Wulansari, Dewi; Agusta, Andria
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 14, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v14i1.1858

Abstract

Bisanthraquinones (+) - 2,2'-epicytoskyrin A and (+) -1,1'bislunatin produced by the endophytic fungus Diaporthe sp. GNBP-10 showed potent antibacterial activity on in-vitro test and have the opportunity to become new antibiotics candidates. The aspects of safety and toxicity of drug candidates have to be examined before applying to human. This study was conducted to determine the safety aspects of the compounds through acute oral toxicity testing in mice (Mus musculus). Acute toxicity of (+) - 2,2'-epicytoskyrin A and (+) - 1,1'-bislunatin evaluated by the method of Up and Down Procedure with limit test at a dose of 2000 mg / kg. Results of acute toxicity test showed that the LD50 of (+) - 2,2'-epicytoskyrin A and (+) - 1,1'-bislunatin were of 1638.87 mg / kg and > 2000 mg / kg respectively. Administration of (+)- 2,2'-epicytoskyrin A resulted in increased miliari multifocal hepatitis, fatty degeneration and necrosis of liver cells, and the renal tubule epithelial degeneration. Administration of (+) - 1,1'-bislunatin at a dose of 2000 mg / kg resulted in multifocal accumulation of inflammatory cells in the liver and degeneration of cells in the islets of Langerhans although not resulting in death. The administration of those compounds indicated the changes in the organs, but based on the UN/ECE classification of LD50 value showed that (+) 2,2'- epicytoskyrin A and (+) -1,1'-bislunatin included as low acute toxicity substance.
IDENTIFIKASI GEN TERMOASIDOFILIK ALKOHOL 1 DEHIDROGENASE PADA BACILLUS SP-PJV MS, Yulia Atika; Artika, I Made; Nurhidayat, Novik
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 14, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v14i1.1872

Abstract

One of the constrains in the conversion process of biomass to bioethanol is the unoptimum technology for the conversion process.One of the causes is the difference between optimum temperature for enzymatic hydrolytic saccharification and for fermentation.Enzymatic hydrolysis requires high temperature and acidic pH, while fermentation operates at mild condition.Hence, thermophilic fermentative microbes are needed so that simultaneous saccharification and fermentation processes can be carried out.Alcoholdehydrogenase(ADH), an enzyme functions in the final step of fermentation, catalyzes reduction of acetaldehydeto ethanol so that it being one of indicator fermentative microbial.Protium javanicum, a typical fruit from Lombok grow at high temperature and has sour taste so that it predicted has a thermo acidophilic ADH.This study was aimed toidentify gene encoding ADHin Protiumjavanicum(Pjv) microbial isolates.ADH gene identification was carried out by DNA amplification using spesific adh primers inqPCR machine. Results showed that all isolates tested had adh gene and that of Bacillus sp-Pjv was the most efficiently amplified. Results of fermentationtest also showed that the Bacillus sp-Pjv isolate was a better ethanol-producer than the others.
KARAKTERISASI BAKTERI PENGHASIL ASAM INDOL ASETAT DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP VIGOR BENIH PADI Lestari, Puji; Suryadi, Yadi; Susilowati, Dwi Ningsih; Priyatno, Tri Puji; Samudra, I Made
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 14, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v14i1.1859

Abstract

The ability to produce indole acetic acid (IAA) by endophytic bacteria is one of the basic criteria for the use of bacteria as plant growth promoter agent which is essential for the agricultural production.The objectives of this study were to evaluate the ability of 17 bacterial isolates to produce IAA and its effect on improvement of rice seed germination and molecular identification of the selected isolates based on the 16S rRNA gene. The IAA content was determined using Salkowski method measured by spectrophotometer UV-Vis and the effect of endophytic bacteria inoculation on seed germination was done by in vitro assay. Sequences of the selected isolates 16S rRNA amplified by PCR were analyzed the homology against bacterial 16S rRNA database in Genebank. IAA values ranged from 6.632 to 50.053 mg/L with the highest IAA production shown by isolate 6KJ which was followed by 4PB (41.807 mg/L). Bacterial IAA increased rice seed vigor significantly compared to control. However, bacterial inoculation with different concentrations of IAA did not significantly affect the growth of rice plants. Based on the IAA and its effect on seed vigor, 6KJ, 4PB and 2KB were selected for molecular identification. Results showed that the three isolates belonged to Bacillus genus, 6KJ as B. aryabhattai, 4PB belonging to B. cibi and 2KB having 97% homology with B. marisflavi. Further evaluation of the selected endophytic isolates producing IAA is necessary to be carried out to explore their potency as a source of hormone to promote plant growth.

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