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INDONESIA
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
ISSN : 08544425     EISSN : 2338834X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 847 Documents
THE EFFECTS OF NPK FERTILIZER, MANURE AND VESICULAR ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA (VAM) ON THE GROWTH, BIOMASS AND ARTEMISININ CONTENT OF ARTEMISIA ANNUA L. Rahman, Wiguna; Widyatmoko, Didik; Lelono, Arthur A.
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 10, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Biologi Indonesia
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v10i2.2107

Abstract

Most artemisinin is extracted from an annual herb Artemisia annua L. but the cultivation in Indonesia is limited bythe low yield of the artemisin incontent that is not economically beneficial to industry. Improvement on cultivatedvarieties and cultivation techniques is therefore needed. This work aims to improve the cultivation techniques byevaluating the application effects of NPK, manure, and VAM on the artemisinin yield of A. annua. The experimentwas set using a Split Split Plot Design involving three factors. First factor was the application of four dosages ofNPK (0 kg ha-1 as a control; 40:40:40 kg ha-1; 80:80:80 kg ha-1; and 120:120:120 kg ha-1). Second factor wasmanure addition (using 0 ton ha-1 and 150 tons ha-1). Third factor wasthe application of mycorrhiza (0 g plant-1and15 g plant-1). The experiment was divided into three different groups based on the seed sources (Bandung, Cibodas,and Tawangmangu plants) using similar treatments. The results showed that the plant growth (Relative GrowthRates/RGR of plant heights and number of branches), leaf yield, and total plant biomass were much affected byNPK. The addition of manure has less significant effect on those parameters. Only VAM seems to influence theartemisinin content. The highest artemisinin yield (5 kg ha-1) was relatively low when compared to the productionin USA, China, and Brazil. However the result shows that a low fertilizer input of 40:40:40 kg NPK ha-1 and aninoculation of VAM were recommended for cultivating A. annua resulting a significantly high yield of artemisinin.Keywords: Artemisia annua L., Artemisinin content, NPK, Manure, VAM, Plant Growth, Biomass
VARIASI GEN MITOKONDRIA CYTOCHROME B PADA DUA JENIS BURUNG KAKATUA PUTIH (CACATUA ALBA DAN C. MOLUCCENSIS) Astuti, Dwi
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 7, No 2 (2011): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v7i2.3113

Abstract

ABSTRACTVariation in The Mitochondrial Cytochrome b Gene in The Two White Cockatoo Species (Cacatua alba and C. molucensis). DNA sequence variation in the 791-bp of mitochondrial cytocrome b gene in the two white cockatoo species (C. alba and C. moluccensis) were analyzed in this study. Two pairs of internal primers used to amplify two fragments of cytochrome b from 30 individuals cockatoo. The results show that there were genetic variations among individuals of C. alba and C. moluccensis. Twenthy eight haplotypes occured in 30 individuals studied; 14 haplotypes (Hca1-Hca14) in 16 individuals of C. alba, and 14 haplotypes (Hcm1-Hcm14)in 14 individuals of C. moluccensis. Hca5 was dominant and owned by 3individuals (H37, KBS62, 28, BBP88). Within C. alba there were 18 variable sites, 0.00701 of nucleotide diversity (Pi), 0.975 ± 0.035 of haplotype diversity (Hd), and 0.005 ± 0.002 of mean genetic distance. Whitin C. moluccensis there were 18 variable sites, 0.00830 of Pi, and 0.9999± 0.028 of Hd, and 0,010 ± 0.002 (0.001-0.010) mean genetic distance. Divergence between C. alba and C. moluccensis was 0.064 ± 0.088 %. Neigbor-joining (NJ) analysis showed two main clusters consisted of : C. alba and C. moluccensis separately, and indicated that althoughthere were some variations in the DNA sequences, but the individuals within a species remain clustered in the same cluster.Key words: genetic variation, mitochndrial cytochrome b, cockatoo bird, Cacatua alba, Cacatuamoluccensis
PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS KULTUR STATIS BRACHIONUSPIICATILIS MUELLER, 1786 DENGAN OPTIMASI JENIS DAN KONSENTRASI PAKAN ALAMI Noerdjito, Diah Radini; Santika, Gede
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 4, No 1 (2006): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v4i1.3272

Abstract

ABSTRACTImprovement of Bracirwnuspficatifis Mueller 1786 Static Culture Productivity byOptimization of Food vpe and Food Concentration. A study to optimize the standardculture procedure by optimization of feeding regime (selection of the best type ofmicroalgae and its concentration used for diet of Brachionus plicatiliz diet) wasconducted in order to support more stable and higher yield production of B. plicatilisculture. A serial experiment was done in two consecutive stages. On each stage, B.plicatilis zooplanktons were cultured in batch system of 30 x 30 x 50 cm3 aquarium,initial density of 10 ind./mL, and constant aeration rate of 200 mLIminute. The density,egg ratio, water quality parameters of the culture (dissolved oxygen, pH, ammoniumlevel, nitrite level, nitrate level) were measured daily. On the first experiment, B. plicatiliscultures were fed on lo6 cells/mL Chlorella sp., Nannochloropsis sp., Tetraselmis sp.,and a combination of those three micro-algae. The results showed that optimum culturedensity was obtained in the culture fed on Nannochloropsis sp. (68*2) indImL on day 5of culture period and the density was significantly different from the other treatments(pc0.05). On the second stage, B. plicatilis cultures were fed on Nannochloropsis sp. infour different concentrations: 1 OS, 1 06, 1 07, and 1 08cells/mL. Optimum culture density(407k9) ind./mL was obtained in the culture fed on 1O7ce1ls/mL Nannochloropsis sp. onday 7 of culture period and the density was significantly different from the other treatments(p<O.O5). It can be concluded that the optimum culture condition (optimum density andmore stable water quality parameter such as NH;' and NO2 of B. plicatilis batch culturescan be obtained by optimization of feeding regime using 1 O7 cells/mL NannochloropsisSP .Key words: Brachionus plicatilis, Nannocloropsis sp., Tetraselmis sp., Chlorella sp.,microalgae concentration, water quality, productivity.
PENGGUNAAN RUANG OLEH BERUANG MADU DI AREAL KONSERVASI IUPHHK-HTI PT. RAPP ESTATE MERANTI Gusnia, Nur Anita; Kartono, Agus Priyono; Arief, Harnios
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 9, No 2 (2013): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v9i2.174

Abstract

Keberadaan beruang madu (Helarctos malayanus Raffles 1821) di Indonesia dapat ditemukan di Pulau Sumatera danKalimantan. Beruang madu mengalami berbagai ancaman populasi dan habitat baik yang terjadi secara alami maupunakibat manusia. Upaya konservasi yang dilakukan perlu didukung oleh informasi ilmiah mengenai keberadaanpopulasi dan kondisi habitat yang sesuai bagi spesies tersebut sehingga dapat disusun suatu strategi pengelolaan yangefektif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keberadaan beruang madu di Estate Meranti,penggunaan ruang beruang madu dan faktor dominan habitat penduga keberadaan beruang madu di Estate Meranti.Metode penelitian yaitu analisis vegetasi, transek jalur, observasi lapang dan pemetaan diagram profil habitat.Keberadaan beruang madu diketahui melalui perjumpaan tidak langsung. Beruang madu menggunakan ruang baikpada tipe vegetasi hutan tiang tinggi (TPF) maupun transisi dengan gambut (TRF). Vegetasi yang dijadikan tempatberaktivitas yaitu pohon dengan ketinggian rata-rata 20 m dan diameter rata-rata 51 cm. Komponen habitat yangpaling berpengaruh terhadap keberadaan beruang madu yaitu kerapatan vegetasi, penutupan tajuk rata-rata, jumlahjenis pohon dan pohon pakan serta jumlah individu pohon dan pohon pakan.Kata kunci: beruang madu, Estate Meranti, faktor dominan, penggunaan ruang.
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI DAN ANTIOKSIDAN PEPTIDA SUSU KAMBING HASIL HIDROLISIS DENGAN PROTEASE LACTOBACILLUS PLANTARUM S31 Herlina, Nina; Mustopa, Apon Zaenal; Surachma, Rahma Sari; Triratna, Lita; Kartina, Gina; Alfisyahrin, Wida Nurul
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 15, No 1 (2019): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v15i1.3762

Abstract

ABSTRACTResearch on the hydrolysis of milk with various protease obtained from the digestive tract, plants and animals has been widely carried out, but the hydrolysis process of goat milk with protease enzymes from Lactobacillus plantarum S31 isolated from bekasam is still widely unknown. This study aims to determine the antibacterial and antioxidant activity of peptides hydrolyzed by protease enzymes from L. plantarum S31. Isolation and purification of extracellular proteases was carried out with 80% ammonium sulfate saturation, dialysis and G50 Sephadex matrix. The results of hydrolysis showed that fraction 11 has the highest antioxidant activity. Goat milk with pH 5 has a greater inhibitory activity of about 29%, which is 5% compared to goat milk pH 7. This fraction also has a quite good antibacterial activity of Entero Phatogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC K1.1) bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes.  Keywords: goat milk, hydrolysis, antibacterial, antioxidant, Lactobacillus plantarum
VARIABILITAS MUSIMAN JENIS MAMALIA DI KAWASAN INDUSTRI SEMEN PT INDOCEMENT TUNGGAL PRAKARSA TBK UNIT PALIMANAN, JAWA BARAT Kartono, Agus Priyono; Choirunnisa, Amalia; Prayogi, Kendy Danang; Chandra, Rufidi
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 12, No 2 (2016): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v12i2.2885

Abstract

ABSTRACTA study on seasonal variability of mammals species was carried out in the cement industrial area of PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk. Palimanan Plant, West Jawa. The combined action of climatic factors and habitat types have an important contribution to the diversity of mammals. Season conditions in the cement industrial and quarry area can be divided into the dry and rainy seasons. Eight main habitat types are present in the region: the conservation area of Mount Blindis, tree stands within the factory area, tree stands outside the factory area, area surrounding the pool/artificial lake, area of Jatropha curcas plantation, buffer zone, shrubs, and paddy fields in the cement industrial area and quarry. The objective of this study was to compare the diversity of mammals based on the season and habitat types. Total of mammals found are 17 species, comprising 10 species of aerial mammals (bats) and 7 species of terrestrial mammals. We found that species richness in the dry and rainy season was significantly different (p = 0.000). Dry season is richer (13 species, 105 individuals) than rainy season (12 species, 93 individuals). Index of mammals species diversity in the dry season is H'=1.65±0.12 with evenness index J'=0.64; while the rainy season is H'=1.87±0.10 with evenness index J'=0.75. Communities similarities of mammals between the dry season with the rainy season is 64%.Keywords: Mammals, bats, species richness, diversity, evenness, similarity community
PENGARUH SUHU DAN SALINITAS TERHADAP RESPON FISIOLOGI LARVA TIRAM MUTIARA PINCTADA MAXIMA (JAMESON) Winanto, Tjahjo; Soedharma, Dedi; Affandi, Ridwan; Sanusi, Harpasis S.
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 6, No 1 (2009): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v6i1.3171

Abstract

ABSTRACTPENDAHULUANPinctada maxima adalah spesiesakuakultur yang mempunyai nilaiekonomi tinggi (Taylor et al. 1997). Dipasaran internasional, mutiara yangdiproduksi sering kali disebut dengannama ?South Sea Pearl?. Indonesiatermasuk salah satu negara penghasilmutiara (South Sea Pearl) yang cukupdiskenal di pasaran dunia, sebagian besarproduksi South Sea Pearl yang dipasarkanberasal dari hasil budidaya (Anna2006). Produksi mutiara berbasisbudidaya merupakan aktivitas usaha yangmenguntungkan. Perkembangan usahabudidaya mutiara saat ini sudah mengarahpada kegiatan industri yang terintegrasi(Fassler 1995).The Effect of Temperature and Salinity to The Physiological Respons on The Larvae ofPinctada maxima (Jameson). Energy budget is one of the most sensitive tools available forindividual assessing environmental changes like temperature and salinity, and also prerequisitefor individual growth and survival. The aim of this study is to obtained information on energybudget on routine metabolism, in different levels of temperature and salinity, and to know thelevels of optimum temperature and salinity. The research was used randomized block design,with three replications. The result showed that optimal temperature and salinity on P. maximalarvae was 28 oC and 32 ? 34 ? (BE and BF). Energy budget to routine metabolism increasedwas attributed to increased temperature and salinity due to the optimal, than would be decreasedwhen temperature and salinity increased. The highest of energy budged for routine metabolismat treatment BF. Stage I: energy budged between 6.73 ? 7.35 C g wet weight-1 hour-1 (28.18 ?30.74 J g wet weight-1 hour-1); Stages II: 5.85 ? 5.95 C g wet weight-1 hour-1 (24.48 ? 24.90 J g wetweight-1 hour-1); Stages III: 4.73 ? 4.80 C g wet weight-1 hour-1 (15.07? 19.58 J g wet weight-1hour-1). The highest survival rate of larvae was by treatment BF, but has not higher significant(P e? 0.05) with BE, stage I: survival rate between 87.75 ? 87.92 %; Stage II: 81.91 ? 82.39 % andstage III: 76.72 ? 77.26 %. The best of relative growth length of larvae by treatment BF and notsignificant (P e? 0.05) with BE, at stage I: 29.78 x 17.93 ?m ? 30.57 x 18.43 ?m (AP x DV); stageII: 57.62 x 46.73 ?m ? 58.13 x 47.33 ?m and stage III: 80.32 x 69.29 ?m ? 80.88 x 69.62 ?m. Thequickest time of plantigrade stages have found by treatment BF (day 19.50) and hasn?tsignificant (P > 0.05) with BE (day 20.85).Keywords: Pinctada maxima, larvae, response; physiology, metabolism.Kata kunci: Pinctada maxima, larvae, respon, fisiology, metabolisme.
IDENTIFIKASI KERAGAMAN KHAMIR YANG DIISOLASI DARI TANAH KEBUN BIOLOGI WAMENA KABUPATEN JAYAWIJAYA, PROPINSI PAPUA Kanti, Atit; Latupapua, H.J.D.
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 3, No 2 (2001): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v3i2.3483

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe Identification of Yeasts Which Were Isolated from Soils in the Wamena Biological Garden, Jayawijaya Residence, Papua Province. The present study deals with the isolation and identification of yeasts isolated from soil samples in The Wamena Biological Garden, Papua. Microbial population in 11 samples were estimated by plate count method. The yeasts population were ranged from 30.0 x102 until 16.5 x106 cells/g soil. Fifteen isolates of yeasts were taxonomically studied. On the basis of morphological and physiological characteristics these isolates were belonging to two group namely ascomycetous-imperfect yeasts and basidiomycetous yeasts. Futher, they were separated into three group. Out of 15 isolates, eleven isolates were included in group I and identified into genus level as Cryptococcus, three in group II as Candida and one isolate in group III identified into species level as Cryptococcus albidus. Type of sample sources appeared has no effect on yeasts diversity as shown by similar yeast isolate was observed isolated from different sources.Key words : Ascomycetous-imperfect yeasts, basidiomycetous yeasts, The Wamena Biological Garden, Papua.
IDENTIFIKASI MOLEKULAR DAN KARAKTERISASI MORFO-FISIOLOGI ACTINOMYCETES PENGHASIL SENYAWA ANTIMIKROBA Nurkanto, Arif; Agusta, Andria
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 2 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i2.2193

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe objectives of study were to identify antimicrobial producing Actinomycetes using 16S rDNA analyses and morphology and physiology characteristics. Eight Actinomycetes strain with the higest antibacterial and antifungal activity were selected and identified using six primers (20F, 520F, 920F, 1500R, 920R, and 520R). Morphological observation and physiology analyses were performed to the selected strain to accurately identify the strains. Morphological characters observed were aerial mycelium, spore chain, colony form, and pigment production. Physiological characterizations were antimicrobial properties, growth temperature, pH tolerance, salinity concentration for growth, sugars assimilation, and some enzymes production (arginine dihydrolase, urease, ß-glucosidase, protease, ß-galactosidase). Based on homology search by BLAST program and phylogenetic tree analyses, all of isolates were identified as the genus Streptomyces. They belong to eight different spesies. Isolates RC-SS-37-4, RC-SS-37-16 and BL-22-3 have been identified as Streptomyces costaricanus (100 %), Streptomyces costaricanus (99.8 %) and Streptomyces parvulus (98.6 %), respectively. Five isolates were identified as Streptomyces spp. (BL-36-1, BL-20-2, BL-14-2, BL-22-1 and BL-06-5) and can be presumed as new species because of the low homology value to their closest related spesies. Keywords : actinomycetes, antimicrobial, morphology, phylogenetic, physiology, 16S rRNA gene. 
GIVING OF FORMULATED PELLET ON JAVAN PORCUPINE (HYSTRIX JAVANICA F. CUVIER, 1823): EFFECTS ON FEED INTAKE, FEED CONVERSION, AND DIGESTIBILITY IN PRE-DOMESTICATION CONDITION Farida, Wartika Rosa; Ridwan, Roni
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 7, No 1 (2011): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v7i1.3136

Abstract

ABSTRAKPemberian pelet formula pada landak Jawa (Hystrix javanica F. Cuvier, 1823) : pengaruhnyaterhadap konsumsi, konversi pakan, dan kecernaan pada kondisi pra budidaya. Penelitiantelah dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pelet formula pada landak Jawa terhadapkonsumsi, konversi pakan, dan kemampuan cerna. Penelitian berlangsung selama 40 hari (12hari preliminary dan 28 hari masa pengumpulan data) di Penangkaran Mamalia Kecil, BidangZoologi, Pusat Penelitian Biologi ? LIPI, Cibinong. Selama penelitian, delapan ekor landakmasing-masing ditempatkan di dalam kandang metabolik berukuran 1,4 m x 1,2 m x 1,0 m (panjangx lebar x tinggi). Rancangan penelitian adalah rancangan acak lengkap terdiri dari 4 perlakuanransum dan dua ulangan yaitu ransum kontrol (T0), ransum diberi pelet formula 50 g/ekor/hari(T1), ransum diberi pelet formula 100 g/ekor/hari (T2), dan ransum diberi pelet formula 150 g/ekor/hari (T3). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kesukaan landak Jawa terhadap jenispakan penelitian berturut-turut adalah bengkuang, ketimun, talas belitung, pelet formula,kangkung, jagung manis, daun kitengis, kelapa, ubi jalar, dan kunyit. Konsumsi nutrien, kecualilemak pada perlakuan pemberian pelet formula (T1, T2, T3), lebih tinggi dibanding perlakuankontrol (T0). Konversi pakan pada landak T0 lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada landak T1, T2,dan T3, masing-masing 12,45%; 8,15%; 6,98%;, dan 5,58%. Kecernaan bahan kering adalah94,44% (T0); 95,79% (T1), 95,08% (T2); dan 97,16% (T3), sedangkan kecernaan bahan organikadalah 94,55% (T0), 96,16% (T1); 95,64% (T2); dan 97,45% (T3). Total digestible nutrien(TDN) tinggi pada semua perlakuan, yaitu 90,40% (T0); 92,69 % (T1); 92,03% (T2); dan 94,25%(T3) yang menggambarkan landak mampu mencerna semua nutrien pakan dengan baik.Kata kunci: pelet formula, konsumsi, konversi pakan, kecernaan, Hystrix javanica

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