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Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)

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Published by Universitas Airlangga

ISSN : 19783728 EISSN : 24429740 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Dentistry

The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) (e-ISSN:2442-9740; p-ISSN:1978-3728) is published by the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Its diciplinary focus is dental science and dental hygiene. The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) is published in English on a quarterly basis with each 50-60 page edition containing between nine and eleven scientific articles on research, study literature and case studies. Contributors to the Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) included: dental researchers, dental practitioners, lecturers, and students drawn from Indonesia and a wide range of other countries.

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Effectiveness of various sterilization methods of contaminated post-fitted molar band Anggia Tridianti; Krisnawati Krisnawati; Nia Ayu Ismaniati
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 46 No. 2 (2013): June 2013
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Molar band as anchoring device may be contaminated during the fitting process. Thus, decontamination process is essential to prevent cross-infection between patients. Purpose: The objective of this research was to determine the amount of bacteria in molar band post-fitted on the patient teeth, after previously undergone pre-sterilization using alcohol and ultrasonic cleaning bath followed by sterilization using dry heat oven and steam autoclave, in order to find the best method in decontamination of post-fitted molar band. Methods: Four molar bands which already fitted on one patient then divided evenly into two groups. The first group was pre-sterilized using alcohol. One of the bands then sterilized using dry heat oven, while the other one was sterilized using steam autoclave. The second group was pre-sterilized using ultrasonic cleaning bath. One band from this group then sterilized using dry heat oven and the other was sterilized using steam autoclave. The next step was to immerse all the bands in a phosphate-buffered saline solution. Using micropipette, the solution was retrieved and dropped upon a petri dish containing Brain Heart Infusion broth. The dish was then stored in an incubator for 24 hours, prior to counting the number of bacteria existed. The same methods were used to the rest of the patients, with total 128 molar bands from 32 patients. Results: There was a profound difference in numbers of bacteria found between those methods of sterilization. However, there was a non significant difference between the two groups which were at the alcohol-steam autoclave group and at the ultrasonic cleaning bath-steam autoclave group. Conclusion: This study showed that steam autoclave is better than for sterilizing molar band, as it left the minimal amount of bacteria in post-fitted molar band.Latar belakang: Molar band merupakan suatu alat penjangkaran yang dapat mengalami kontaminasi selama proses fitting band, sehingga perlu dilakukan suatu proses dekontaminasi untuk menghindari terjadinya cross-infection pada pasien. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan jumlah bakteri pada molar band pasca fitting band setelah sterilisasi dry heat oven dan steam autoclave yang sebelumnya telah dilakukan pre-sterilisasi alcohol dan ultrasonic cleaning bath, sehingga dapat ditentukan metode sterilisasi yang terbaik dalam dekontaminasi molar band. Metode: Empat molar band yang telah melalui proses fitting band pada seorang pasien dibagi dalam dua kelompok. Pada kelompok pertama, dua molar band dilakukan pre-sterilisasi dengan alkohol, kemudian satu band dilakukan sterilisasi dengan dry heat oven dan satu band lainnya dengan steam autoclave. Kelompok kedua, dua molar band dilakukan pre-sterilisasi dengan ultrasonic cleaning bath, kemudian satu band dilakukan sterilisasi dengan dry heat oven dan satu band lainnya dengan steam autoclave. Molar band tersebut masing-masing kemudian dimasukkan ke dalam cairan phosphate-buffered saline, dengan micropipette cairan diambil dan dituangkan ke cawan petri yang berisi Brain Heart Infusion. Kemudian dimasukkan ke dalam inkubator selama 24 jam dan dihitung jumlah bakterinya. Metode yang sama dilakukan terhadap molar band lainnya, dengan total 128 molar band dari 32 pasien. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan jumlah bakteri yang bermakna antara beberapa kelompok metode sterilisasi dan terdapat satu kelompok dengan perbedaan tidak bermakna, yaitu kelompok alcohol-steam autoclave dengan ultrasonic cleaning bath-steam autoclave. Simpulan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa steam autoclave merupakan metode sterilisasi yang terbaik pada molar band yang telah melalui proses fitting band karena menunjukkan jumlah bakteri yang paling minimal.

The apical leakage of mineral trioxide aggregate as the retrograde filling material with various mixing agents Ema Mulyawati
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 43 No. 2 (2010): June 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is relatively considered as a new material in endodontic. It even has been used as retrograde filling material due to its biocompatibility, antibacterial effect, sealing ability and anti-moist effect. Some materials have been used as mixing agent to achieve an appropiate setting of MTA. Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the mixing agents of MTA towards the apical leakage when they are used together as retrograde filling materials. Method: The samples of this research consist of 30 human extracted upper central incisors. First, the crown of each tooth is sectioned. The root canals are prepared by using the conventional technique and then are obturated with gutta percha. After cutting the root apex, 2 mm from apical, class 1 cavities are prepared by using fissure bur with the depth of 3 mm. The samples then are divided into 3 groups with 10 teeth for each. Group I uses aquabidest as mixing agent of MTA (MTA-aquabidest), group II uses saline (MTA-saline), while group III uses 0.12% chlorhexidine (MTA-chlorhexidine). The apex of each group then is filled with the mixing MTA determined already. Afterwards, clearing method is used to evaluate the apical leakage. The apical leakage actually is determined by measuring the depth of methylene blue penetration with stereomicroscope. The statictical analyses of the linear dye penetration then are performed with analysis of varians ANOVA. Result: The dye penetration for both MTA-aquadest and MTA-saline groups indicates the lowest penetration, and there is even a significant difference compared with MTA-0.12% chlorhexidine group (p<0.005). Conclusion: It can be concluded that aquabidest and saline as mixing agents of MTA produce less apical leakage compared with 0.12% chlorhexidine.Latar belakang: Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) merupakan bahan yang relatif baru dalam bidang endodontik. Bahan tersebut diindikasikan sebagai bahan pengisi retrograd karena bersifat biokompatibel, antibakteri, kerapatannya bagus dan tidak terpengaruh kelembaban.Untuk mendapatkan settingnya, beberapa bahan telah digunakan sebagai bahan pencampur MTA. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bahan pencampur MTA sebagai bahan retrograd terhadap kebocoran apikal. Metode: Bahan penelitian berupa 30 gigi insisivus sentral atas bekas cabutan. Mahkota gigi dipotong dan saluran akar dipreparasi menggunakan teknik konvensional dan diobturasi dengan guta perca. Akar dipotong dengan jarak 2 mm dari apeks dan dibuat preparasi kavitas kelas I menggunakan bur fisura dengan kedalaman 3 mm pada ujung akar tersebut. Akar gigi tersebut dibagi dalam 3 kelompok masing-masing 10. Kelompok I menggunakan akuabides sebagai bahan pencampur MTA (MTA-akuades), kelompok II menggunakan salin (MTA-salin) dan kelompok II menggunakan Chlorhexidine 0,12% (MTA-chlorhexidine). Ujung akar kemudian diisi campuran MTA sesuai kelompoknya. Evaluasi kebocoran apikal menggunakan teknik clearing. Kebocoran apikal ditentukan dengan mengukur kedalaman penetrasi larutan biru metilen menggunakan mikroskopstereo. Hasil pengukuran dianalisis menggunakan analisis varian (ANOVA). Hasil: Penetrasi warna pada kelompok MTA-akuades maupun MTA-salin menunjukkan hasil yang paling kecil dan kedua kelompok tersebut berbeda secara signifikan dengan kelompok MTA-chlorhexidine 0,12% (p<0,005). Kesimpulan: Bahan pencampur akuades dan salin menghasilkan MTA dengan kebocoran apikal yang lebih kecil dibandingkan chlorhexidine.

Shear strength of orthodontic bracket bonding with GIC bonding agent after the application of CPP-ACPF paste Melisa Budipramana; Thalca Hamid; Sianiwati Goenharto
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 46 No. 1 (2013): March 2013
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: White spot lesion is a major problem during fixed orthodontic treatment. This problem can be solved by minimizing white spot lesion before the treatment and using a fluoride-releasing bonding agent. The application of casein phosphopeptidesamorphous calcium phospate fluoride (CPP-ACPF) paste as remineralization agent before treatment and GIC as orthodontic bonding agent is expected to overcome this problem as well as to strengthen GIC bonding. Purpose: To measure the shear strength of fix orthodontic appliance using GIC bonding with CPP-ACPF application prior treatment. Methods: In this study, 50 extracted premolars were randomly divided into 2 groups: group 1 as treatment group and group II as control group that was not given CPPACPF pretreatment. After having been cut and put into acrylic device, the samples in group I were given pretreatment with CPP-ACPF paste on enamel surface for 2 minutes twice a day as instructed in product label for 14 days. Orthodontic brackets were bonded with GIC bonding agent on all samples in both groups as instructed in product label. Then, the shear strength was measured by Autograph Shimatzu with crosshead speed 0.5 mm/minute. The data was analyzed with Independent t-test. Results: The mean shear bond strength in treatment group was 19.22 ± 4.04 MPa and in control group was 12.97 ± 3.97 MPa. Independent t-test analysis showed that there was a significant difference between treatment and control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: CPP-ACPF pretreatment could increase GIC orthodontic bonding shear strength.Latar belakang: Lesi putih karies merupakan masalah utama selama perawatan dengan peranti cekat ortodonti. Hal ini dapat diatasi dengan cara mengurangi lesi putih sebelum perawatan dengan menggunakan bahan bonding yang mengandung fluorida. Aplikasi pasta casein phosphopeptides-amorphous calcium phospate fluoride (CPP-ACPF) sebagai bahan remineralisasi sebelum perawatan dan bahan bonding GIC diharapkan dapat mengatasi masalah ini sekaligus menambah kekuatan cekat bahan bonding GIC. Tujuan: Mengukur kekuatan geser piranti cekat ortodonti menggunakan bonding GIC dengan aplikasi pasta CPP-ACPF. Metode: 50 gigi premolar dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu kelompok I sebagai kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok II sebagai kelompok kontrol. Setelah gigi dipotong dan ditanam dalam tabung akrilik, diaplikasikan pasta CPP-ACPF pada permukaan enamel sampel pada kelompok I selama 2 menit 2 kali sehari selama 14 hari. Aplikasi pasta CPP-ACPF tidak dilakukan pada kelompok kontrol. Kemudian breket ortodonti direkatkan dengan bahan bonding GIC pada semua sampel di kelompok I dan kelompok II. Kekuatan geser diukur dengan menggunakan alat Autograph Shimatzu dengan kecepatan cross head 0.5 mm/menit. Data dianalisis dengan statistik independent t-test. Hasil: Rerata kekuatan geser pada kelompok perlakuan 19,22 ± 4,04 MPa dan pada kelompok kontrol 12,97 ± 3,97 MPa. Analisis Independent t-test menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol (p<0.05). Kesimpulan: Kekuatan geser antara piranti cekat ortodonti dengan bahan bonding GIC meningkat setelah aplikasi pasta CPP-ACPF.

Human-leukocyte antigen typing in Javanese patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis Diah Savitri Ernawati; Bagus Soebadi; Desiana Radithia
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 43 No. 1 (2010): March 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common oral disorder that despite extensive researches, the etiology of this phenomenon is still unknown. Because this phenomenon has been observed more often in families than in individual cases, genetic influence has been investigated in most researches. Purpose: The aim of study was to evaluate the association between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and RAS in Javanese more precisely. Method: The analysis of HLA-A, and HLA-B in 85 Javanese RAS patients and 71 healthy control subjects, were performed by using the standard NIH microlymhocytotoxicity technique. Immunohistochemistry was performed for identification of HLA-DR and HLA- DQ antigen using monoclonal antibodies anti HLA-DR and DQ. Result: Our result revealed a close association between HLA-A9 and HLA-B35 RAS subject. A significant increase in the frequency of some antigens such as HLA-A9 (72,94%, p < 0,05;RR = 2,21), HLA-A24 (65,82%; RR = 1,24) and HLA-B35 in subjects with RAS was observed. Analysis with Immunohistochemistry HLA-DR, HLA-DQ is expressed on the surface of epithelial cells membrane of oral mucosa and macrophages in both major and minor RAS patients. Conclusion: HLA antigens are involved in susceptibility to RAS and the phenotypes were difference with other previous studies. HLA- linked genetic factors may play a role in the development of RAS.Latar belakang: Stomatitis aftosa rekuren (SAR) merupakan salah satu gangguan di rongga mulut yang paling sering terjadi. Fenomenapenyakit ini masih belum jelas dan masih membutuhkanpenelitian yang lebih lanjut. Faktor keturunan lebih sering daripada kasus individual. Pengaruh faktor genetik telah diteliti oleh beberapapeneliti. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui adanya kaitan HLA dengan SARpada suku jawa secara lebih tepat. Metode: Analisis HLA-A, HLA-Bpada 85penderita RAS dan 71 penderita kontrol yang berasal dari suku Jawa dihitung dengan menggunakan teknik NIH Micro Lymphocytotoxicity. Teknik Imunohistokimia dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi antigen HLA-DR, HLA DQ dengan menggunakan antibodi monoklonal HLA-DR & DQ. Hasil: Menununjukkan hubungan yang kuat antara HLA-A9 dan HLA-B-35 pada pasien SAR. Terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan dari beberapa antigen seperti HLA-A9 (72,94%, p < 0,05, RR = 2,21), HLA-A24 (65,82%, RR = 1,24) dan HLA-B35 pada pasien SAR yang di observasi. Analisis dengan Imunohistokimia tampak HLA-DR, DQ diekspresikan pada permukaan membran sel dan makrofag pada pasien SAR mayor maupun minor. Kesimpulan: Antigen HLA terlibat dengan kepekaan terjadinya RAS, dan fenotipnya berbeda dengan hasil penelitian sebelumnya HLA dan faktor genetik berperan penting pada terjadinya SAR.

Distribution of class ii major histocompatibility complex antigenexpressing cells in human dental pulp with carious lesions Tetiana Haniastuti
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 45 No. 3 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Dental caries is a bacterial infection which causes destruction of the hard tissues of the tooth. Exposure of the dentin to the oral environment as a result of caries inevitably results in a cellular response in the pulp. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a group of genes that code for cell-surface histocompatibility antigens. Cells expressing class II MHC molecules participate in the initial recognition and the processing of antigenic substances to serve as antigen-presenting cells. Purpose: The aim of the study was to elucidate the alteration in the distribution of class II MHC antigen-expressing cells in human dental pulp as carious lesions progressed toward the pulp. Methods: Fifteen third molars with caries at the occlusal site at various stages of decay and 5 intact third molars were extracted and used in this study. Before decalcifying with 10% EDTA solution (pH 7.4), all the samples were observed by micro-computed tomography to confirm the lesion condition three-dimensionally. The specimens were then processed for cryosection and immunohistochemistry using an anti-MHC class II monoclonal antibody. Results: Class II MHC antigen-expressing cells were found both in normal and carious specimens. In normal tooth, the class II MHC-immunopositive cells were observed mainly at the periphery of the pulp tissue. In teeth with caries, class II MHC-immunopositive cells were located predominantly subjacent to the carious lesions. As the caries progressed, the number of class II MHC antigen-expressing cells was increased. Conclusion: The depth of carious lesions affects the distribution of class II MHC antigen-expressing cells in the dental pulp.Latar belakang: Karies merupakan penyakit infeksi bakteri yang mengakibatkan destruksi jaringan keras gigi. Dentin yang terbuka akibat karies akan menginduksi respon imun seluler pada pulpa. Kompleks histokompatibilitas utama (MHC) merupakan sekumpulan gen yang mengkode histokompatibilitas antigen-antigen permukaan sel. Sel-sel yang mengekspresikan molekul-molekul ini berpartisipasi dalam pengenalan awal substansi-substansi antigenik untuk selanjutnya diproses dan dipresentasikan pada permukaan sel. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan distribusi sel-sel yang mengekspresikan molekul MHC kelas II pada pulpa gigi manusia dengan meningkatnya keparahan karies. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan 15 gigi molar ketiga yang mengalami karies pada permukaan oklusal dengan berbagai tingkat kedalaman dan 5 gigi molar ketiga normal (tidak mengalami karies). Sebelum didekalsifikasi dengan larutan EDTA 10% (pH 7,4), seluruh sampel diamati dengan menggunakan micro-computed tomography untuk mengetahui kedalaman lesi karies secara tiga dimensi. Spesimen kemudian diproses untuk dilakukan cryosection dan dilakukan immunohistokimia dengan menggunakan monoklonal antibodi anti MHC kelas II. Hasil: Ekspresi MHC kelas II oleh sel-sel pada ruang pulpa dijumpai disemua spesimen baik pada kondisi normal maupun karies. Pada gigi normal, sel-sel yang mengekspresikan MHC kelas II terletak terutama pada tepi pulpa. Pada gigi-geligi yang mengalami karies, agregasi sel-sel yang mengekspresikan MHC kelas II terutama terletak di bawah lesi karies. Semakin dalam lesi karies, jumlah sel-sel yang mengekspresikan MHC kelas II semakin meningkat. Kesimpulan: Kedalaman lesi karies berpengaruh terhadap distribusi sel-sel yang mengekspresikan MHC kelas II pada pulpa.

Effect of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate on the flexural strength of enamel-dentin complex following extracoronal bleaching Diatri Nari Ratih; Hendargo Agung Pribadi
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 48 No. 1 (2015): March 2015
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Bleaching can affect the mechanical properties of enamel-dentin complex, such as flexural strength. Casein phosphopeptide-amorphus calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) is often used following bleaching treatment to reduce hypersensitivity and to increase demineralization of tooth. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of CPP-ACP on the flexural strength of enamel-dentin complex following extracoronal bleaching. Methods: Forty-eight enamel-dentin plates (size 8 x 2 x 3 mm) were randomly assigned into 6 groups, each consisted of 8 samples. Group 1, no bleaching and immersed in artificial saliva. Group 2, no bleaching, CPP-ACP application only. Group 3, bleaching using 15% carbamide peroxide. Group 4, similar to group 3, except application of CPP-ACP for the times between bleaching. Group 5, bleaching with 40% hydrogen peroxide. Group 6, similar to group 5, except application of CPP-ACP for the times between bleaching. Flexural strength of each enamel-dentin plate was tested by threepoint bending test using universal testing machine. Results: The results showed that 15% carbamide peroxide and 40% hydrogen peroxide significantly reduced flexural strength of enamel-dentin (216.25±26.44 MPa and 206.67±32.07 MPa respectively). Conversely, application of CPP-ACP following both bleachings increased flexural strength (266.75± 28.27MPa and 254.58±36.59 MPa respectively). A two-way Anova revealed that extracoronal bleaching agents significantly reduced flexural strength (p<0.05). Conclusion: Extracoronal bleaching agents reduce flexural strength, whereas application of CPP-ACP following bleaching either with 15% carbamide peroxide or 40% hydrogen peroxide can increase the flexural strength of enamel-dentin complex.

Cytotoxicity of Betel leaf (Piper betel L.) against primary culture of chicken embryo fibroblast and its effects on the production of proinflammatory cytokines by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells Suprapto Ma’at
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 45 No. 2 (2012): June 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Betel leaf (Piper betel L.) has been used in modern and traditional medicine as antiseptic, antibacterial, and also prevention of plaque accumulation, but it still can stimulate cancer in lime-piper betel quid. Betel leaf also has anti-inflammatory properties. Purpose: The purpose of this study was examine the cytotoxicity of Betel leaf extract (BLE) against primary culture of chicken embryo fibroblast and its effects on the production of proinflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with LPS. Methods: MTT assay was used to investigate the survival rate of the culture with the survival rate result of the given culture extract 4%, 2% and 1% about 82%, 83.4% and 85%. There was no significant difference between treatment with various concentrations of the extract and the control (p>0.05). To evaluate the effect of Betel leaf extracts on the production of cytokines, proinflammatory was conducted by incubating the extracts of betel leaf with peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained from healthy volunteers isolated by density centrifugation method using Ficoll-Hypaque. Once coupled with various concentrations of betel leaf extract and lipopolysaccharide, and then incubated for 24 hours, the culture supernatant was used to determine the level of IFN-γ and TNF-α by ELISA method. Results: It is known that the survival rates of BLE 4%, 2% and 1% were 82%, 83.4% and 85%. There was no significant of difference between several concentrations of BLE and those in the control group (p>0.05). The production of IFN-γ and TNF-α stimulated with LPS was no significant difference between BLE 4%, 2% and 1% and that in the control group (p>0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that BLE is not toxic against primary culture of chicken embryo fibroblast, and the production of IFN-γ and TNF-α by PBMC was not affected by BLE.Latar belakang: Daun sirih (Piper betel L.) telah banyak digunakan dalam berbagai pengobatan tradisional maupun moderen sebagai antiseptik, antibakteri dan untuk pencegahan pembentukan plak, tetapi dapat juga menimbulkan kanker pada orang pengunyah sirih. Daun sirih juga memiliki aktivitas sebagai anti-inflamasi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengevaluasi sitotoksisitas ekstrak daun sirih terhadap kultur primer sel fibroblas embrio ayam dan pengaruhnya terhadap produksi sitokin proinflamasi oleh sel mononuklear darah perifer yang distimulasi dengan LPS. Metode: Uji MTT digunakan untuk menginvestigasi survival rate kultur, dengan hasil: survival rate dari kultur yang diberi ekstrak 4%, 2% dan 1% adalah 82%, 83,4% dan 85%. Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara perlakuan dengan berbagai konsentrasi ekstrak terhadap kontrol (p>0,05). Untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh ekstrak daun sirih terhadap produksi sitokin proinflamasi dikerjakan dengan menginkubasi ekstrak daun sirih bersama sel mononuklear darah perifer yang distimulasi dengan lipopolisakarida. Sel mononuklear darah perifer diperoleh dari relawan sehat yang diisolasi dengan metode sentrifugasi densitas menggunakan ficoll-hypaque. Setelah ditambah dengan berbagai konsentrasi ekstrak daun sirih dan lipopolisakarida, diinkubasi selama 24 jam, supernatan kultur digunakan untuk menentukan level IFN-γ dan TNF-α dengan metode ELISA. Hasil: Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan produksi IFN-γ dan TNF-α antara kultur sel mononuklear darah perifer yang diinkubasi bersama ekstrak daun sirih dibandingkan dengan kontrol (p>0,05). Kesimpulan: Disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak daun sirih "> tidak toksik terhadap kultur sel primer fibroblas embrio ayam dan tidak berpengaruh terhadap produksi sitokin proinflamasi IFN-γ dan TNF-α oleh sel mononuklear darah perifer manusia yang distimulasi dengan LPS.

Daya antibakteri penambahan Propolis pada zinc oxide eugenol dan zinc oxide terhadap kuman campur gigi molar sulung non vital (The antibacterial effect of propolis additional to zinc oxide eugenol and zinc oxide on polybacteria of necrotic primary molar) Yemy Ameliana; Herawati Herawati; Seno Pradopo
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 47 No. 4 (2014): December 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Materials commonly used for root canal filling of primary teeth is zinc oxide eugenol. Eugenol has some disadvantages that can irritate the periapical tissues, has the risk of disturbing the growth and development of permanent tooth buds, and has a narrow antibacterial spectrum. Studies showed that propolis at concentration of 20 % has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the antimicrobial activity of root canal pastes with the additional of propolis additional to zinc oxide eugenol (ZOEP) and to zinc oxide (ZOP). Methods: Polybacteria cultures collected from root canals of necrotic primary molar from 5 children patients who received root canal treatment. The bacteria were grown in BHI Broth, and inoculated into Muller Hinton Agar media. The agar plates was divided into 3 areas, and one well was made at each area. The first well filled with ZOE as a control, second well filled with ZOEP and the third well filled with ZOP, then incubated for 24 hour at 370 C. Antimicrobial activity was determined by measuring the diameters of inhibition zones of polybacteria growth. The data were statistically analyzed by independent T-test. Results: The pasta mixture of zinc oxide propolis had the strongest antibacterial activity against polybacteria of necrotic primary molar, followed by zinc oxide eugenol propolis paste, and zinc oxide eugenol paste. There were significant differences of inhibition zones between ZOE, ZOEP and ZOP (p<0,05). Conclusion: The study suggested that the additional of propolis to zinc oxide paste could increase the antimicrobial effect against root canal polybacteria of necrotic primary molar.Latar belakang: Bahan yang sering digunakan untuk pengisian saluran akar gigi sulung adalah zinc oxide eugenol. Eugenol memiliki beberapa kekurangan yaitu dapat mengiritasi jaringan periapikal, beresiko mengganggu pertumbuhan dan perkembangan benih gigi permanen pengganti, serta memiliki spektrum antibakteri yang sempit. Penelitian menunjukkan propolis dengan konsentrasi 20% memiliki daya antibakteri terhadap bakteri staphylococcus aureus Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan meneliti efek aktivitas antimikroba pasta saluran akar dengan penambahan propolis pada zinc oxide eugenol (ZOEP) dan pada zinc oxide (ZOP) Metode: Kultur bakteri campur diperoleh dari saluran akar gigi molar sulung 5 pasien anak yang sedang dirawat saluran akar. Bakteri ditumbuhkan dalam BHI Broth dan diinokulasi ke Muller Hinton Agar media. Plate agar dibagi menjadi 3 bagian, dan setiap bagian dibuat satu sumuran. Sumuran pertama diisi dengan ZOE sebagai kontrol, sumuran kedua diisi dengan ZOEP dan sumuran ketiga diisi dengan ZOP, kemudian diinkubasi selama 24 jam, pada 37°C. Daya antimikroba ditentukan dengan mengukur diameter zona hambatan pertumbuhan bakteri campur. Data dianalisis statistik dengan t-test independent. Hasil: Pasta campuran zinc oxide propolis memiliki daya antibakteri terhadap kuman campur gigi molar sulung non vital paling kuat, diikuti pasta zinc oxide eugenol propolis, dan pasta zinc oxide eugenol. Terdapat perbedaan zona hambat yang signifikan diantara ZOE, ZOEP dan ZOP (p<0.05). Simpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tambahan propolis pada pasta zinc oxide dapat meningkatkan efek antimikroba terhadap polybacteria saluran akar dari molar sulung yang nekrotik.

Crude toxin of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans serotype-B increase PARP-1 expression in gingival epithelium Ernie Maduratna Setiawatie
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 45 No. 1 (2012): March 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitants) serotype-B has long been associated with aggressive periodontitis. Gingival epithelial cell is exquisitely sensitive to the toxin so that may lead to disruption of the epithelial protective barrier, facilitating invasion and perturbation of the underlying connective tissue. Currently suggested that Aa serotypeB produce protein toxin that caused DNA strand breaks. PARP-1 is an abundant nuclear protein functioning as a DNA nick-sensor enzyme. PARP-1 was one of the first identified substrates of caspases, the main executioners of apoptosis. Therefore, a role for PARP-1 in the regulation of apoptosis has been suggested. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to prove PARP-1 expression in gingival epithelium caused by toxin exposure of A. actinomycetemcomitant serotype-B. Methods: This is an experimental study involving twenty adult mice strain Swiss Webster (balb C) divided randomly into two groups: control group (Group A) and toxin group (Group B). Both group were acclimated for one week before treatment. Group A was applied topically with sterile distillated water every 12 hours. Group B was applied topically by 100μg/ml of crude toxin A. actinomycetemcomitant serotype B at the buccal area of mandibular anterior teeth using Hamilton syringe. The mice were sacrificed at 24 hours after toxin application, and then the tissue sections of gingival epithelium were stained with immunohistochemistry to reveal the PARP-1 expression. The data were analyzed with t-test. Results: The PARP-1 expression exhibited an increase with the toxin group (mean= 48.9; SD= 2.01) compared with the control group (mean= 25.21; SD= 1.72). DNA fragmentation appeared from the agarose gel examination, marked as DNA laddering, indicate the cell apoptosis. Conclusion: In conclusion the crude toxin exposure of A. actinomycetemcomitant serotype-B leads to DNA fragmentation and increase PARP-1 expression.Latar belakang: Aggregatibacteractinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitant) serotype-B merupakan etiologi utama periodontitis agresif. Sel epitel gingiva sangat sensitif terhadap toksin sehingga dapat mengganggu epitel sebagai pertahanan awal gingiva, membantu invasi toksin dan mengganggu jaringan ikat dibawahnya. Saat ini diketahui bahwa toksin bakteri Aa serotype-B menyebabkan putusnya rantai DNA. PARP-1 merupakan protein dalam intisel yang berfungsi sebagai DNA nicksensor enzyme. PARP-1 merupakan penanda awal apoptosis, sehingga peran PARP-1 dalam pengaturan apoptosis perlu diteliti Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meneliti ekspresi PARP-1 pada epitel gingiva yang dipapar toksin bakteri A. actinomycetemcomitant serotype-B. Metode: Penelitian eksperimen pada 20 mencit strain Swiss Webster (balb C) dibagi secara random dalam 2 kelompok, kelompok kontrol (Group A) dan kelompok perlakuan (Group B). Kedua kelompok diaklimasi sebelumnya selama 1 minggu. Kelompok diaplikasi secara topikal dengan air destilasi steril setiap 12 jam. Kelompok B diaplikasi 100 μg/ml toksin A. actinomycetemcomitant serotype-B secara topikal dengan menggunakan Hamilton syringe. Mencit dimatikan 24 jam setelah aplikasi toksin kemudian potongan epitel gingiva dilakukan pemeriksaan secara imunohistokimia untuk melihat ekspresi PARP-1. Data dianalisis dengan uji-t. Hasil: Ekspresi PARP-1 menunjukkan penigkatan pada kelompok perlakuan (Mean = 48,9; SD = 2,01) bila dibanding kelopok kontrol (Mean= 25,21; SD= 1,72). Tampak adanya gambaran DNA fragmentasi pada pemeriksaan gel elektroforesis yang menunjukkan adanya apoptosis. Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa paparan toksin A. actinomycetemcomitant serotype-B menyebabkan DNA fragmentasi, dan meningkatkan ekspresi PARP-1.

Oral health knowledge among parents of autistic child in Bandung-Indonesia Yetty Herdiyati Nonong; Arlette Setiawan; Fellani Danasra Dewi; Cugati Navaneetha
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 47 No. 3 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Autistic children as well as other special needs individual demand special care given by their parents. But there exist limited awareness among parents in Indonesia society, especially with regard to their oral health. Purpose: The study was aimed to assess the oral health related knowledge, attitude and behavior of the parents; and oral health status of their autistic children in comparison with non-autistic children. Methods: Total of 56 children (23 autistic and 23 normal) between 7-12 years was included in this study. Data on parents’ knowledge, attitude, oral health practice and behavior of their children were gathered from the questionnaires. The oral health status of the children was recorded using deft and DMFT caries index. Results: All obtained data were analyzed using sPss version 13 to correlate the index of the sample. It showed that caries index of autistic child was lower and limited oral health knowledge among parents. Conclusion: There is need of greater awareness to be spread among the population of Indonesia about the existing professional help for the special children and educate the parents to maintain their child’s oral health for a better quality of life.Latar belakang: Anak autis seperti juga individu berkebutuhan khusus lainnya memerlukan perhatian khusus dari orang tuanya. Namun banyak keterbatasan kesadaran orang tua dalam masyarakat Indonesia, terutama berkaitan dengan kesehatan mulut anak autis mereka. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengetahuan kesehatan gigi, perilaku orang tua dan anak mereka yang autis. Metode: Data pengetahuan orang tua dikumpulkan dari kuesioner dan status kesehatan mulut anak dicatat menggunakan indeks karies DMFT dan deft. sejumlah 56 anak (23 autis dan 23 non-autis sebagai kelompok kontrol) usia 7-12 tahun ikut serta dalam penelitian ini. Hasil: Data yang didapatkan dianalisis menggunakan sPss versi 13 untuk mengkorelasikan indeks subjek. Hasil menunjukkan indeks karies anak autis lebih rendah dengan pengetahuan kesehatan mulut orang tua yang terbatas. Simpulan: Diperlukan penyebarluasan kesadaran yang lebih tinggi di antara populasi orang Indonesia mengenai mempertahankan status kesehatan mulut anak autis mereka untuk mencapai kualitas hidup yang lebih baik.

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Saka Winias

Contact Email saka.winias@gmail.com

Phone -

Journal Mail Official dental_journal@yahoo.com

Editorial Address -

Location Kota surabaya, Jawa timur INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Saka Winias

Contact Email
saka.winias@gmail.com

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
dental_journal@yahoo.com

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota surabaya,

Jawa timur

INDONESIA