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INDONESIA
Science and Technology Indonesia
Published by Universitas Sriwijaya
ISSN : 25804405     EISSN : 25804391     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
An international Peer-review journal in the field of science and technology published by The Indonesian Science and Technology Society. Science and Technology Indonesia is a member of Crossref with DOI prefix number: 10.26554/sti. Science and Technology Indonesia publishes quarterly (January, April, July, October). Science and Technology Indonesia is an international scholarly journal on the field of science and technology aimed to publish a high-quality scientific paper including original research papers, reviews, short communication, and technical notes. This journal welcomes the submission of articles that covers a typical subject of natural science and technology such as: > Chemistry > Biology > Physics > Marine Science > Pharmacy > Chemical Engineering > Environmental Science and Engineering > Computational Engineering > Biotechnology Journal Commencement: October 2016
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 616 Documents
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Development of a Natural Antifungal Shampoo Containing Clove Bud Oil (Syzygium aromaticum): Formulation and in Vitro Evaluation Afia Khaira; Tantri Nareswari; Refsya Azanti Putri; Achmad Gus Fahmi
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 3 (2026): July
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.3.1151-1163

Abstract

Dandruff affects approximately 50% of the global population during their lifetime. Clove bud oil (Syzygium aromaticum) (CBO), which is currently utilized mainly in the cigarette industry, has potential as an anti-dandruff agent because of its antifungal activity. This study aimed to optimize cocamide DEA and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) concentrations in CBO shampoo formulations and to evaluate the preliminary antifungal activity of the optimum formulation against Candida albicans as a model fungal organism, compared with a commercial ketoconazole shampoo (Ketomed®). CBO quality was characterized through organoleptic evaluation, specific gravity determination, ethanol solubility testing, Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), and GC–MS analysis. GC–MS confirmed eugenol (76.88%) and β-caryophyllene (16.18%) as the major constituents of the oil. The shampoo formulations were prepared using the emulsification method followed by a two-stage surfactant optimization process. The first optimization identified 8% cocamide DEA as the optimum concentration, producing a viscosity of 3915 ± 59 cPs and foam height of 10.43 ± 0.20 cm. The second optimization demonstrated that 8% SLS provided the most favorable physicochemical characteristics and washing performance. The optimum formulation exhibited antifungal activity against C. albicans with an inhibition zone of 24.06 ± 3.01 mm, compared with 32.50 ± 1.44 mm for Ketomed®, which corresponded to approximately 74% relative antifungal efficacy. These findings suggest that CBO shampoo possesses promising potential as an antifungal anti-dandruff formulation while also providing an alternative value-added utilization of clove oil. This study was limited to in vitro evaluation against a single microorganism, C. albicans, and further in vivo and clinical studies remain necessary to confirm the efficacy and safety of the developed formulation.
Preparation of Carrageenan/Chitosan/Curcumin Hydrogel Films: Physicochemical Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation as a Promising Diabetic Wound Dressing Sry Agustina; Saidun Fiddaroini; Ahmad Luthfi Fahmi; Ruslan; Elvina Dhiaul Iftitah; Moh. Farid Rahman; Akhmad Sabarudin
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 3 (2026): July
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.3.994-1015

Abstract

Wound dressings with their physical characteristics that can maintain moisture and their active content which possesses antibacterial and antioxidant properties, represent a crucial solution in addressing the delayed healing of diabetic wounds. For this purpose, in this work we prepared hydrogel films made from a combination of carrageenan, chitosan, and curcumin, and subsequently evaluated their performance for potential application as the diabetic wound dressings. There were three hydrogel film formulations fabricated using 0.5% chitosan, 0.05% curcumin, and carrageenan at varying concentrations of 1%, 1.5%, and 2%, which were subsequently designated as A1, A2, and A3, respectively. These films were examined for physical parameters, chemical profiles, antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and antioxidant activity (DPPH assay). The A2 film formulation demonstrated optimal characteristics, as evidenced by a high swelling capacity of 1439.67 ± 20.36%, an appropriate moisture content of 20.63 ± 0.49%, a film pH of 6.23 ± 0.31%, favorable degradation behavior of 93.27 ± 1.36%, and a film thickness of 0.20 ± 0.001 mm. This formulation also demonstrated superior antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, accompanied by strong antioxidant activity (IC50 = 74.52 ppm). Such results indicate that the carrageenan/chitosan/curcumin hydrogel film, particularly formulation A2, is a promising smart hydrogel dressing candidate for diabetic wound applications.
PVA/PVP Dissolving Microneedle Arrays Loaded with Parameria laevigata Extract: Formulation and Characterization for Transdermal Anti-Acne Therapy Angga Yasir; Siwi Nurbaiti; Jenifer Kolina; Amalia Lathifah Widiadari; Harmiansyah; Muhammad Asyraf Muhammad Rizal; Melbi Mahardika
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 3 (2026): July
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.3.1016-1032

Abstract

Despite the well-documented antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Parameria laevigata (kayu rapet) bark, its incorporation into a dissolving microneedle (DMN) platform for transdermal acne therapy has not been previously investigated. This study developed and characterized PVA/PVP-based DMN arrays loaded with P. laevigata extract as a minimally invasive delivery system targeting acne-associated pathogens. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction in 95% ethanol yielded a phytochemical-rich extract (8.68%) containing flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids, with strong antioxidant activity (DPPH IC50 = 40.98 ± 4.32 ppm; ABTS IC50 = 46.92 ± 3.25 ppm; FRAP = 70.24 ± 6.41 mg AAE/g extract) and moderate antibacterial activity against Acne vulgaris-associated bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Cutibacterium acnes at 100–150 ppm (inhibition zone: 8.22–8.46 mm). Eight DMN formulations were fabricated at a fixed 30% w/w PVA/PVP total polymer concentration with 5% extract loading. The optimized formulation (F2) produced a complete 49-needle pyramidal array with adequate mechanical integrity for stratum corneum penetration, confirmed polymer–extract physicochemical compatibility by FTIR, and exhibited Korsmeyer–Peppas release kinetics with a diffusion-controlled mechanism reaching 56.48% cumulative release over 24 h. These findings establish P. laevigata-loaded DMN arrays as a viable proof-of-concept platform for transdermal acne therapy, warranting further ex vivo permeation and in vivo efficacy validation.
Unravelling the Potential of Wild Endemic Sumatran Turmeric (Curcuma sumatrana Miq.) as a Candidate of Herbal Medicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases Putra Santoso; Syafruddin Ilyas; Rita Maliza; Indah Fajarwati; Rauza Sukma Rita; Aldi Tamara Rahman; Jihan Aprilia Nawawi; Ivan Petrovsky; Muhammad Samudra Ilham; Ananda Fitriana
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 3 (2026): July
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.3.1212-1240

Abstract

Neurodegenerative diseases pose significant health challenges, while synthetic drugs are often associated with detrimental side effects. Hence, the search for herbal medicines is warranted. Curcuma sumatrana is traditionally used by Minangkabau people as a herbal medicine, but it remains scientifically underexplored. This study aims to evaluate its neuroprotective potential through phytochemical profiling, computational analyses, and biological assays. LC-MS/MS-QTOF profiling identified 13 compounds in the rhizome extract, predominantly terpenoids. In silico analyses predicted antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antineurodegenerative activities, while drug-likeness assessment suggested favorable bioavailability for all identified compounds. Furthermore, molecular docking targeting neurodegeneration-associated proteins revealed strong interactions of compounds namely brefeldin A, nigakilactone K, genistein, and 8-epi-loganic acid-6’-O-β-D-glucoside with MAPK1, TNF-α, BACE1, and CASP3, respectively. In addition, the extract exhibited notable antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay and ameliorated monosodium glutamate-induced cognitive impairment, hippocampal neurodegeneration, and elevated brain malondialdehyde levels in mice. Hence, C. sumatrana is a promising herbal medicine for neurodegenerative diseases, plausibly acting through the modulation of neurodegeneration-related pathways and antioxidant mechanisms. These findings provide a foundation for future drug discovery by identifying bioactive compounds with potential applications in the management of neurodegenerative disorders.
Effect of Plant Age and Altitude on the Essential Oil Composition of Cinnamomum cullilawan from Maluku, Indonesia Imanuel Berly Delvis Kapelle; Hanoch Sohilait; Andrianto Pilayate; Nini Munirah Renur
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 3 (2026): July
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.3.1138-1150

Abstract

Cinnamomum cullilawan Blume from Maluku is a potential source of essential oil for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, and natural product-based industries. This study evaluated the effects of plant age and elevation on the yield and chemical composition of C. cullilawan essential oil. Bark samples were collected from four different locations (n = 4), representing plant ages of 8, 10, 15, and 20 years and different elevation gradients. Essential oils were extracted by steam distillation and analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Statistical analyses included linear regression, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), partial t-test, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The essential oil yield ranged from 0.84% to 1.83%, with the highest yield obtained from 20-year-old plants (1.83%). ANOVA showed that plant age and elevation had a significant simultaneous effect on essential oil yield (p = 0.04), with significant partial effects of plant age (p = 0.026) and elevation (p = 0.034). GC–MS analysis revealed that eugenol and linalool were the dominant compounds. The highest eugenol content was found in 8-year-old plants (92.35%), whereas samples from higher elevation showed the highest linalool content (24.45%) and the lowest safrole content (0.76%). Statistical analysis indicated that eugenol (p = 0.03), safrole (p = 0.038), linalool (p = 0.047), and terpineol (p = 0.038) were significantly influenced by plant age and elevation, while other minor compounds showed no significant effect (p > 0.05). PCA showed that the first two principal components accounted for 83.14% of the total variation. These findings indicate that ontogenetic and ecological factors influence essential oil yield and chemical composition and may contribute to shifts in the relative dominance of phenylpropanoid and terpenoid compounds, providing a scientific basis for optimizing cultivation and standardizing C. cullilawan essential oil quality.
Polysaccharide-Stabilized Butterfly Pea Flower (Clitoria ternatea) Anthocyanin as Natural Photosensitizer against MRSA: In Silico and In Vitro Evaluation Siti Humairoh; M. Akram; Rumiyati Dwi Nindi Marrisca; Aisyah Pratiwi; Ade Fadilah; Mardiyanto; Miksusanti; Najma Annuria Fithri
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 3 (2026): July
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.3.1192-1211

Abstract

Butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea) anthocyanins have potential as natural photosensitizers for photothermal–photodynamic therapy (PTT/PDT) against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), but their inherent instability under pH and thermal stress limits therapeutic utility. This study evaluated polysaccharide-based stabilization systems for butterfly pea anthocyanin extract (BPFE) and assessed their photosensitizer performance through in silico and in vitro approaches. Dried flower extraction using 60% ethanol with 30-minute maceration and 45-minute ultrasonic-assisted extraction yielded a total anthocyanin content of 5.037 ± 0.395 mg CGE/L with a photothermal efficiency of 52.34 ± 7.93% at 450 nm and 22.21 ± 2.35% at 550 nm. Molecular docking against penicillin-binding protein 2a or PBP2a (PDB: 1MWU) showed that all 18 screened compounds demonstrated binding affinities of −7.4 to −11.1 kcal/mol. The extract at 8% produced an inhibition zone of 10.67 ± 0.94 mm against S. aureus (p < 0.0001), establishing the minimum inhibitory concentration. Among six polysaccharide stabilization systems evaluated, the freeze-dried konjac glucomannan system (F-KJC) demonstrated the most consistent pH stability and lowest thermodynamic degradation (23.85% vs. 39.80% for BPFE over six freeze-thaw cycles), supported by FTIR evidence of non-covalent hydrogen bonding. Singlet oxygen quantum yield of F-KJC (Φ = 0.4740) exceeded BPFE (Φ = 0.3014). Under 550 nm irradiation, F-KJC significantly inhibited MRSA growth compared with non-irradiated controls, while 450 nm irradiation did not produce a statistically significant photothermal enhancement. These findings support polysaccharide stabilization, particularly the freeze-dried konjac system, as a viable strategy for enhancing the photosensitizer performance of butterfly pea anthocyanins against MRSA.

Page 62 of 62 | Total Record : 616

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