Risyawan, Alief
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Balancing International Legal Obligations, Human Rights, and National Interests: Indonesia’s Response to Rohingya Refugees in Aceh Asphianto, Aan; Jaya, Belardo Prasetya Mega; Wicaksono, Agung Satrio; Ashady, Suheflihusnaini; Weku, Robert Lengkong; Anggita, Dila; Risyawan, Alief
LAW REFORM Vol 22, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : PROGRAM STUDI MAGISTER ILMU HUKUM FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO SEMARANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/lr.v22i1.73197

Abstract

The principle of non-refoulement in international law obliges states to refrain from returning refugees to places where they face persecution. Indonesia, as a state that upholds human rights, has applied this principle in receiving Rohingya refugees who are displaced from their country of origin. Nevertheless, its implementation encounters tensions between international obligations, national interests, and human rights considerations. This study aims to examine how international law influences Indonesia’s response to the Rohingya refugee situation and to analyze the government’s stance in balancing these competing interests. A mixed-method approach is employed, combining empirical research through focus group discussions and interviews with normative analysis of primary and secondary legal materials. The findings indicate that, despite not ratifying the 1951 Refugee Convention, Indonesia continues to adhere to the non-refoulement principle. However, regulatory improvements are necessary, particularly regarding Presidential Regulation No. 125 of 2016, to ensure fulfillment of refugees’ basic rights and adequate financial support, especially in Aceh. In conclusion, Indonesia must adopt prudent legal reforms to strengthen legal certainty, protect refugee rights, and balance international, national, and humanitarian interests effectively. Such measures will also enhance coordination among institutions, improve policy implementation, and promote sustainable humanitarian governance in addressing future refugee challenges comprehensively nationwide.
Reforming Ethical Policing in Indonesia: Legal Protection for Conscientious Objection and the Duty to Disobey Unlawful Orders Riphat, Mohammad Fattah; Widagdo, Setyo; Djatmika, Prija; Madjid, Abdul; Risyawan, Alief
Jambe Law Journal Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Jambi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/5w3e5821

Abstract

In the context of police institutions in Indonesia, members of the police force are often faced with a dilemma when receiving orders from superiors that have the potential to violate the law. On the one hand, there is an obligation to uphold the law and protect human rights. The conflict raises legal questions about the extent to which police officers in Indonesia are protected when they refuse or disobey unlawful orders, based on the principles of the right to conscientious objection and the duty to disobey. This study uses normative legal research and comparative doctrinal analysis to examine the conceptual underpinnings of these principles and evaluate institutional practice. Through an analysis of international legal instruments, national regulations, relevant case studies, and selected comparative materials, this article concludes that these two principles are an integral part of the development of a democratic, accountable, and human rights-oriented police institution in Indonesia, and therefore deserve comprehensive legal protection.