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All Journal TOFEDU: The Future of Education Journal Jurnal Teologi Islam
Ilham Akbar Maulana
Universitas Islam Negeri Imam Bonjol Padang
Religion Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Social Sciences Other

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Nikah Mut'ah dalam Perspektif Ulama dan Hukum Positif Indonesia Ilham Akbar Maulana; Widya Sari; Misra Misra
Jurnal Teologi Islam Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): JUNI-NOVEMBER
Publisher : Indo Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63822/rfafvz53

Abstract

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis praktik nikah mut’ah sebagai bentuk pernikahan kontrak yang masih menjadi perdebatan dalam Islam, serta menilai kedudukannya dalam sistem hukum positif Indonesia. Kajian dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif berbasis studi literatur, menelaah sumber klasik fikih, hadis, serta regulasi hukum nasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan pandangan ulama: mayoritas Ahlus Sunnah mengharamkan mut’ah dengan dasar hadis dan maqashid syariah, sementara kalangan Syiah masih membolehkannya dengan merujuk pada riwayat sahabat dan pendapat Imam Ahlul-Bait. Dari sisi hukum positif, nikah mut’ah tidak diakui dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan maupun Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI), karena tidak memenuhi unsur kekal dan tujuan membentuk keluarga sakinah mawaddah warahmah. Praktik ini juga dianggap bertentangan dengan asas ketertiban umum dan moralitas sosial. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa nikah mut’ah tidak sah baik menurut hukum Islam mayoritas maupun hukum positif Indonesia, serta menimbulkan implikasi sosial yang merugikan perempuan, anak, dan masyarakat.
AI Integration in Islamic Fatwas: Opportunities and Challenges of Digital Ijtihad Ilham Akbar Maulana; Firdaus Sutan Mamad; Urwatul Wusqa
The Future of Education Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbitan dan Publikasi Ilmiah Yayasan Pendidikan Tumpuan Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61445/tofedu.v5i2.2122

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the emergence of technology-based fatwas and the responses of Islamic scholars to the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Islamic legal decision-making. The study focuses on the opportunities for integrating digital technology into the process of ijtihad while examining the associated epistemological challenges, the authority of Islamic scholars, and algorithmic bias. A qualitative approach based on a literature review was employed by examining classical sources of uṣūl al-fiqh alongside contemporary literature on the application of AI in Islamic legal discourse. The analysis was conducted using the framework of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah to assess the extent to which AI-assisted fatwas align with the objectives of Islamic law. The findings indicate that AI can accelerate the retrieval of legal evidence, broaden analytical capabilities, and enhance the relevance of fatwas in addressing contemporary issues such as biotechnology vaccines, Islamic financial technology (fintech), and e-commerce transactions. However, AI cannot replace Islamic scholars as mujtahids; rather, it functions as a decision-support tool in the process of legal reasoning. The major challenges identified include algorithmic bias, concerns over the legitimacy of scholarly authority, and social resistance to digitally generated fatwas. This study underscores the need for a new paradigm of digital ijtihad that positions AI as a complementary tool operating under the supervision of qualified Islamic scholars and guided by the ethical principles of Islamic law. Such an approach would enable technology-assisted fatwas to serve as valid, contextual, and beneficial innovations in contemporary Islamic jurisprudence.
The Relevance of the Philosophy of Science in the Digital Era: Epistemological Challenges and the Integrity of the Scientific Method Ilham Akbar Maulana; Khairul Anas; Efendi; Muhammad Zalnur
The Future of Education Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbitan dan Publikasi Ilmiah Yayasan Pendidikan Tumpuan Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61445/tofedu.v5i2.2152

Abstract

The digital era has fundamentally transformed the ways in which knowledge is produced and legitimized. The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI), the proliferation of big data, and the dominance of algorithmic systems have not only accelerated scientific research but have also posed significant challenges to the philosophical foundations of science. This article aims to explore the relevance of the philosophy of science amid digital disruption by examining two major issues: the epistemological challenges to the status of scientific truth and the crisis of integrity in the scientific method. Using a conceptual-philosophical analysis, the study investigates the black box phenomenon in AI, which obscures scientific transparency, as well as the realities of the post-truth era and algorithm-driven echo chambers that shift the authority of truth from academic consensus to algorithmic amplification. Furthermore, the article highlights contemporary challenges to the integrity of the scientific method, including the difficulty of replicating studies based on dynamic datasets and the increasing prevalence of instant scientific fabrication. Drawing on Karl Popper's epistemology of falsification and Thomas Kuhn's theory of paradigm shifts, the study concludes that the philosophy of science should not remain a passive observer. In the digital age, it serves as an ethical and methodological compass as well as a critical safeguard for reforming the standards of validity, objectivity, and the demarcation of scientific knowledge to ensure the credibility and sustainability of science in the future.
Co-Authors Efendi Firdaus Sutan Mamad Khairul Anas Misra Muhammad Zalnur Urwatul Wusqa Widya Sari