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All Journal JURNAL FARMASIMED (JFM) Jurnal Farmanesia Jurnal Pengmas Kestra (JPK)
Dicky Yuswardi Wiratma
Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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The Effect of a Combination of Activated Carbon and Bentonite on Reducing COD, BOD, and TSS Levels in Tofu Industry Wastewater Barita Aritonang; Ahmad Hafizullah Ritonga; Karnirius Harefa; Dicky Yuswardi Wiratma; herlina herlina
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/cbxjb379

Abstract

Wastewater produced from tofu manufacturing typically contains substantial amounts of organic substances and suspended particles. The concentrations of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) frequently surpass the permissible thresholds established in the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry (Permen LHK) No. P.16 of 2019. Such high levels of pollutants may degrade water quality and pose risks to both aquatic ecosystems and public health in nearby areas. This study investigates the efficiency of combining activated carbon and bentonite, in both raw and activated forms, for reducing BOD, COD, and TSS concentrations in wastewater originating from tofu industries. The BOD test was performed using a five-day incubation at 24 °C, COD was analysed via the closed reflux method, and TSS was quantified using the gravimetric approach. Adsorbent characteristics were examined in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI), supported by functional group analysis using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and morphological observation with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results demonstrated that activation enhanced pore development and improved the adsorption capability of both materials. The combined activated carbon and bentonite effectively decreased BOD from 3,600 mg/L to 140 mg/L, COD from 1,500 mg/L to 185 mg/L, and TSS from 320 mg/L to 270 mg/L. All treated parameters met the regulatory quality standards, indicating that the activated mixture of these adsorbents provides an efficient and environmentally sound method for treating tofu processing wastewater.
The Influence of Activated Carbon Produced from Duck Eggshells as an Adsorbent for Free Fatty Acid Content of Used Cooking Oilc Barita Aritonang; Ahmad Hafizullah Ritonga; Karnirius Harefa; Herlina Herlina; Dicky Yuswardi Wiratma
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 8 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/r6vzyw08

Abstract

The repeated use of cooking oil can lead to a decline in oil quality and an increase in free fatty acid (FFA) levels, which may pose adverse health effects when consumed continuously. Therefore, an effective, safe, and sustainable purification method is required to improve the quality of used cooking oil. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of activated carbon derived from duck eggshell waste in reducing FFA levels in used cooking oil. The research employed a laboratory experimental method with a post-test only control group design. Samples of used cooking oil were selected purposively based on a level of degradation representative of real conditions. The preparation of activated carbon began with the carbonisation of duck eggshells, followed by chemical activation using a 3 M phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) solution to enhance surface area and adsorbent porosity. The resulting activated carbon was then applied in the adsorption process of used cooking oil. FFA levels were analysed using the alkalimetric titration method. The results showed that the activated carbon significantly reduced FFA levels from 1.57% to 0.22%, with a reduction efficiency of 75%. This final value complies with the quality standard for cooking oil according to SNI 3741:2013 (≤0.3%). Furthermore, the produced activated carbon exhibited favourable characteristics, as indicated by a high iodine adsorption capacity and well-developed pore structure. In conclusion, activated carbon derived from duck eggshells is effective as an adsorbent for reducing FFA levels in used cooking oil and shows strong potential as an environmentally friendly and economically valuable solution.
UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH LUWINGAN (Ficus hispida L.f) SEBAGAI ANTIDIABETES PADA TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN GALUR WISTAR Dicky Yuswardi Wiratma; Yudhistira Yudhistira; Jon Kenedy Marpaung
Jurnal Farmanesia Vol 12 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Farmanesia
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SARI MUTIARA INDONESIA

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Abstract

Latar belakang: Pengetahuan tentang tumbuhan obat merupakan budaya bangsa yang diwariskan secara turun temurun. Obat tradisional dalam bahan kimia alam mengandung senyawa-senyawa yang dikenal dengan metabolit sekunder. Senyawa-senyawa metabolit sekunder tersebut memiliki khasiat yang berbeda-beda, sehingga mendorong pentingnya penggalian sumber obat-obat tradisional dari bahan alam salah satunya dari tanaman Luwingan (Ficus hispida L.f). Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui apakah buah Luwingan (Ficus hispida L.f) memiliki aktivitas serta berapa konsentrasi yang efektif sebagai antidiabetes. Metode: Buah luwingan akan diekstraksi dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol. Menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan desain penelitian purposive sampling. Tikus di induksi aloksn dengan dosis 150mg kg/BB secara intraperitoneal. Sampel darah diukur dengan strip tes darah gluco Dr dan hasil kadar glukosa darah dianalisis dengan one way ANOVA. Hasil: Hasil uji pemberian ekstrak etanol buah luwingan (Ficus hispida L.f) memiliki aktivitas antidiabetes pada tikus putih jantan galur wistar yang di induksi aloksan dengan variasi konsentrasi 20% dapat menurunkan KGD 240,8 mg/dL, 40% menurunkan KGD 246 mg/dL dan 60% menurunkan KGD 248,4 mg/dL. Simpulan: Ekstrak etanol buah luwingan dapat menjadi alternatif terapi karena efektivitasnya dalam menurunkan kadar gula darah. Konsentrasi 60% memiliki aktivitas penurunan kadar glukosa darah yang paling baik jika dibandingkan dengan 3 konsentrasi yang di uji. Ekstrak etanol buah luwingan ini memiliki efektivitas yang mendekati glibenklamid sebagai kontrol positif.
Healthy and Safe Food Education for Elementary School Students: A Program Implementation at SDN 104242 Lubuk Pakam Hasni Yaturramadhan Harahap; Barita Aritonang; Shofian Syarifuddin; Chandra Pranata; Dicky Yuswardi Wiratma
JURNAL PENGMAS KESTRA (JPK) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Pengmas Kestra (JPK)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (LP2M) Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/16azg768

Abstract

Background: Elementary school students' knowledge regarding the selection of healthy and safe food remains low, posing a risk to their nutritional status and health. Schools serve as effective settings for enhancing knowledge through nutrition and food safety education. Therefore, this community service activity aimed to increase the knowledge of students at SDN 104242 Lubuk Pakam regarding the importance of consuming healthy and safe food. Objective: This community service activity aimed to improve the knowledge and awareness of students at SDN 104242 Lubuk Pakam concerning the importance of consuming healthy and safe food. Methods: The program was implemented through a preliminary survey, educational sessions involving interactive lectures, discussions, meaning-making activities, and educational games, followed by an evaluation using pre-tests and post-tests administered to 55 students. Results: The community service activity, attended by 55 students from SDN 104242 Lubuk Pakam, demonstrated an increase in knowledge regarding healthy and safe food following the educational intervention. Pre-test results indicated that the majority of students fell into the "poor" knowledge category (45.45%), followed by the "fair" (36.36%) and "good" (18.18%) categories. Post-test results showed an improvement, with the "good" knowledge category rising to 63.64%, while the "fair" category decreased to 27.27% and the "poor" category dropped to 9.09%. These results indicate that the education provided was effective in enhancing students' knowledge regarding the selection of food that is healthy, nutritious, hygienic, and safe for consumption. Conclusion: The educational program proved effective in increasing students' knowledge and awareness regarding healthy and safe food. This activity is expected to support the development of healthy eating habits from an early age and contribute to improving the health of school-aged children.awareness regarding healthy and safe food. This activity is expected to support the development of healthy eating habits from an early age and contribute to improving the health of school-aged children.
Co-Authors Aritonang, Barita Chandra Pranata Hasni Yaturramadhan Harahap Herlina H Jon Kenedy Marpaung Karnirius Harefa Shofian Syarifuddin Yudhistira Yudhistira