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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Journal of Sylva Indonesiana Jurnal Sylva Lestari Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research
Irsan ALIPRAJA
Department Of Forest Products, Faculty Of Forestry And Environment, IPB University, IPB Darmaga Campus, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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This paper presents the effect of extractive and abrasive material of tropical timber (Damar Laut, Mersawa, and Oil Palm wood) and of composite products (Fiber Board and Cement Board) on the  wearing of high speed steel and tungsten carbide cutting tools. The extractive content provides a significant contribution on the chemical wearing of the cutting tools. Oil palm wood and Mersawa wood contain extractives which are more corrosive compared to other wood species tested. Mechanical wear  resista Wayan DARMAWAN; Irsan ALIPRAJA
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This paper presents the effect of extractive and abrasive material of tropical timber (Damar Laut, Mersawa, and Oil Palm wood) and of composite products (Fiber Board and Cement Board) on the  wearing of high speed steel and tungsten carbide cutting tools. The extractive content provides a significant contribution on the chemical wearing of the cutting tools. Oil palm wood and Mersawa wood contain extractives which are more corrosive compared to other wood species tested. Mechanical wear  resistance is influenced by the abrasive material contained in the wood, especially silica, both in wood and wood composite products. Mersawa wood caused the cutting tools wear faster than other types of solid wood. Cement board as a composite product caused the damaged of the cutting edge of high speed steel tool due to high abrasive materials contained in the the cement board. Tungsten carbide tool has higher wear resistance than high speed steel tool.   Keywords : wear resistance, high speed steel, tungsten               carbide, silica, extractive
THE SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SENGON WOOD AT HIGH-TEMPERATURE HEATING TREATMENTS Fariha, Tushliha Ayyuni; Marbun, Sari D; Sudarmanto; Narto; Bahanawan, Adik; Sejati, Prabu S; Darmawan, Teguh; Triwibowo, Dimas; Adi, Danang S; Amin, Yusup; Augustina, Sarah; Dwianto, Wahyu; Sari, Rita K; Alipraja, Irsan; Wahyudi, Imam; Kusuma, EM. Latif R
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Association of Indonesian Forestry and Environment Researchers and Technicians

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59465/ijfr.2025.12.1.135-149

Abstract

Sengon (Falcataria moluccana Miq.) is a fast-growing timber species widely distributed in Indonesia. However, its dimensional instability and low surface quality have limited its widespread use. Wood modification is essential for enhancing these properties, and one effective approach is heat treatment. This study investigated the effects of different heat treatment methods and durations on color change, surface roughness, weight loss (WL), decreased density, and dimensional stability of sengon wood. The heat modification process was conducted using two methods: oven-heating and hot press-heating, with temperatures set at 200°C for durations ranging from 1 to 5 hours. The results indicated that oven-heated samples exhibited higher surface roughness, weight loss, density reduction, and dimensional stability while showing less color change than hot press-heated samples. Additionally, the hot press-heated samples displayed more significant color changes (darkening) and smoother surface roughness. WL and decreased density were also more pronounced with longer heating durations, except for the 4- and 5-hour hot press-heating treatments. Notably, oven-heated samples demonstrated higher dimensional stability than hot press-heated samples as the duration of heating increased. Based on the results, the optimal treatment varies depending on the desired product characteristics. For improved surface qualities with consideration of WL, the optimum treatment is a 2-hour hot press-heating treatment. Higher dimensional stability can be achieved through a 3-hour oven-heating treatment.
The Effect of Synthetic and Commercial Nano-Magnetite on the Electromagnetic Absorbance Behavior of Magnetic Wood Rahayu, Istie Sekartining; Sabarna, Aqila Alya Nabila; Wahyuningtyas, Irma; Ismail, Rohmat; Prihatini, Esti; Darmawan, Wayan; Laksono, Gilang Dwi; Alipraja, Irsan
Jurnal Sylva Lestari Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024): May
Publisher : Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jsl.v12i2.889

Abstract

Magnetic wood with good electromagnetic wave absorption properties was prepared by comparing synthetic and commercial nano-magnetite (Fe3O4-NP) as sengon (Falcataria moluccana) wood impregnation solution. The co-precipitation method produced a synthetic nano-magnetite with NH4OH as a weak base precursor. Meanwhile, the commercial one was purchased from a supplier. Three levels of nano-magnetite concentration (1%, 2.5%, and 5%) were dispersed in deionized water. The impregnation process was done by applying a vacuum of 0.5 bar for 120 minutes, followed by a pressure of 1 bar for 120 minutes. The results showed that the commercial nano-magnetite caused more improvements in weight percent gain, density, and hardness than the synthetic nano-magnetic, although they were insignificantly different. There was also a reduction in brightness with the overall color change being categorized into other colors because the color became darker with increasing nano-magnetite concentration in both woods. The absorbance capacity of the synthetic nano-magnetite-treated wood was larger than the commercial nano-magnetite-treated wood. This synthetic nano-magnetite-treated wood had been optimally treated at a 5% concentration, making it suitable for use as electromagnetic wave shielding material because it can absorb almost 100% electromagnetic waves. Keywords: Fe3O4, impregnation, nano-magnetite, sengon wood, shielding materials
Radial Variations in Surface Characteristics of Pine Wood (Pinus merkusii) Modified with Glycerin–Citric Acid Achmat Syafi'i; Mohammad Rafli Ariyansyah; Dhiyar Luthfan Hamidi; Sartika Sartika; Alia Pratiwi; Ahmad Rabbani Abdussalam; Irsan Alipraja; Wayan Darmawan; Philippe Geradin
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 31 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18343/jipi.31.2.375

Abstract

Pine wood (Pinus merkusii) is a native Indonesian softwood species with high commercial value but low natural durability (class IV), limiting its use in outdoor applications. This study modified the pine wood using a 20% glycerin–citric acid solution (1:2 ratio) through impregnation with 7 bar pressure for 48 hours, followed by heat treatment at 150°C for 6 hours, to evaluate surface characteristics in radial variations (from pith to bark). Retention (57.93–85.59 kg/m³) and weight percent gain (WPG, 4.02–7.20%) decreased from pith to bark, corresponding to lower wood density near the pith (0.55 g/cm³) compared to near the bark (0.67 g/cm³). Surface roughness (Ra) varied slightly from fit to bark, however its Ra increased after modification. Surface free energy (SFE) increased significantly from 16.87 near the pith to – 27.35 mJ/m² near the bark. After modification the SFE values varied between 37.16–44.46 mJ/m² from fit to bark. Wettability (K-value) was lower near the pith (0.002) than near the bark (0.007). Glycerin–citric acid modified pine exhibited also a lower wettability values compared to the untreated wood. The surface characteristics of the modified pine wood from fit to bark indicate that its surfaces should be coated by proper varnishes or paints for further development.Keywords: citric acid, glycerin, modification, radial variation, surface characteristics
Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of Coconut Coir-Based Composite Roof Tiles with Molasses Polyurethane Coating Riskatul Walidaini; Dede Hermawan; Irsan Alipraja; Mahdi Mubarok; Rudi Hartono; Aprilia Kartikawati; Sukma Surya Kusumah; Jajang Sutiawan
Journal of Sylva Indonesiana Vol. 9 No. 02 (2026): Journal of Sylva Indonesiana
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jsi.v9i02.24871

Abstract

Lightweight roofing materials based on natural fibers are one alternative for developing more efficient and sustainable building materials. Coconut coir is an abundant agricultural waste product with potential as a raw material for composite roof tiles. This study aims to evaluate the effect of molasses concentration variation on the physical and mechanical properties of coconut coir-based composite roof tiles coated with polyurethane. Composite roof tiles are produced from coconut coir particles and coated using a polyurethane system with varying molasses concentrations. Physical property testing included density, moisture content, water absorption, and thickness swelling, while mechanical properties were evaluated through flexural testing. All tests were conducted in accordance with JIS A 5908:2003 standards and analyzed using analysis of variance. The results showed that variations in molasses concentration in the polyurethane coating system did not have a statistically significant effect on the physical and mechanical properties of composite tiles. Polyurethane-molasses coating tended to reduce water absorption and thickness swelling compared to uncoated tiles, but did not show a consistent pattern of change. The mechanical properties of composite tiles were relatively similar across all treatments, indicating that tile performance is more influenced by the material's internal characteristics and the compaction process.
Co-Authors Achmat Syafi'i Adi, Danang S Ahmad Rabbani Abdussalam Alia Pratiwi Aprilia Kartikawati Augustina, Sarah Bahanawan, Adik Dede Hermawan Dhiyar Luthfan Hamidi Fariha, Tushliha Ayyuni I Wayan Darmawan Imam Wahyudi Indrawan, Imam Wahyudi Ismail, Rohmat Istie Rahayu Jajang Sutiawan Kusuma, EM. Latif R Laksono, Gilang Dwi Mahdi Mubarok Marbun, Sari D Mohammad Rafli Ariyansyah Narto Philippe Geradin Prihatini, Esti Riskatul Walidaini Rudi Hartono Sabarna, Aqila Alya Nabila Sari, Rita K Sartika Sartika Sejati, Prabu S SUDARMANTO Sukma Surya Kusumah Teguh DARMAWAN Triwibowo, Dimas Wahyu DWIANTO Wahyuningtyas, Irma Yusup AMIN