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All Journal Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education IJRETINA - International Journal of Retina Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Sasongko, Muhammad Bayu
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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When do Ophthalmology Residents Study to Prepare for The National Exam? Widyandana, Doni; Widyaputri, Felicia; Sasongko, Muhammad Bayu; Supanji, Supanji; Alam, Irmastuti Lukitaning
Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Vol 13, No 3 (2024): September
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpki.89970

Abstract

Background: Ophthalmology residents are occupied with clinical services in the hospital. They only have limited time to study. Since 2022, we established a progress test for a residents to facilitate their study especially during the national examination preparation that is obligated to be completed once per year.Aims: To report the allocated time for completing the progress test by ophthalmology residents to inform educational centres about the recommended study time for residents.Case Discussion: Data from the online progress test that was available from the Gadjah Mada e-Learning (GAMEL) platform was extracted ana analysed. The test was concisted of 60 multiple questions and opened for two weeks with a 24 hour access time. In this study, the scores, the time of the test, and time spent to complete the test were descriptively and quantitatively analysed.Results: Overall, 42 out of 55 (76.4%) and 42 out of 56 (75.0%) residents completed the progress test with a total test attempt of 60 and 51 times in 2022 and 2023, respectively. The mean score achieved was 43.3 (min-max 3.3-70.0). Majority of residents (65.8%) access the test at between 16.00 - 23.00 Western Indonesian Time (WIT), while 19.8% and 14.4% at between 09.00 - 16.00 and 03.00 - 09.00 WIT. The mean time spent to complete the test was 55.2 +- 20.9 minutes.Conclusion: Most ophthalmology residents spent their time for completing the progress test after working hours with an average duration of less than an hour. Any national exam preparation programs can be scheduled in this time for better resident’s engagements.
CENTRAL MACULAR THICKNESS AFTER COMBINED THERAPY OF BEVACIZUMAB INTRAVITREAL INJECTION AND TOPICAL DICLOFENAC COMPARED WITH BEVACIZUMAB INTRAVITREAL INJECTION ALONE IN DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA Sandra, Melvina Nidya; Shabrina, Yumni; Widayanti, Tri Wahyu; Ekantini, Retno; Supartoto, Agus; Sasongko, Muhammad Bayu; Haryanto, Supanji
International Journal of Retina Vol 4 No 2 (2021): International Journal of Retina (IJRetina) - INAVRS
Publisher : Indonesian Vitreoretinal Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.164

Abstract

Introduction: To evaluate whether the combination of diclofenac eye drops and bevacizumab intravitreal injection would provide additional benefits over bevacizumab alone in the treatment of naïve diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods: A total of 43 patients were enrolled consecutively and randomized into two groups to receive combination treatment with intravitreal bevacizumab and topical diclofenac (group 1) or bevacizumab alone (group 2). Group 1 patients received single bevacizumab intravitreal injection and got self-administered diclofenac eye drop four times daily for one month. Group 2 patients received single bevacizumab intravitreal injection alone. Outcome data were obtained from patient visits at baseline and at 1 month after bevacizumab intravitreal injection. All patients underwent measurement of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), a complete eye examination, and measurement of central macular thickness (CMT). Result: The mean reduction in CMT in the combination group was 130.42±32.57 µm (p<0.01), while in the bevacizumab alone group the reduction was 141.38±45.27 µm (p<0.01), there is no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.866). The mean improvement of BCVA was 0.32±0.10 log Mar in the combination group and 0.26±0.12 in group 2, there is no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.691). There was no adverse ocular event in the two groups. Conclusion: In patients with naïve DME, adding diclofenac eye drop as adjuvant of bevacizumab intravitreal injection are less likely to have a meaningful effect on reducing the central macular thickness. Keywords: Diabetic macular edema, NSAID, diclofenac, anti-VEGF, bevacizumab, central macular thickness
Outlook of Diabetic Retinopathy Management through Universal Health Care in Indonesia from 2015 – 2020: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Resident Zaharo, Alfia Fatma; Wardhana, Firman Setya; Supanji; Sasongko, Muhammad Bayu
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/fcwc9x44

Abstract

Introduction & ObjectivesTo identify the National Health Expenditure associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) from theperspective of Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional [JKN]. MethodsA dataset of 1% of all individuals registered in JKN database was used from 2015 to 2020. Weretrieved primary diagnosis with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (ICD-10 E11) and/or T2DM withophthalmic complications (E11.3). Further diagnosis with DR (H36) was retrieved. Four groups ofmedical procedures related to DR management were developed according to Indonesian Case BaseGroups (INA-CBGs): diagnostic, laser photocoagulation and cryotherapy, minor (intravitrealinjection), and major surgical procedures (e.g., vitrectomy). We performed descriptive analyses forthe annual costs incurred for procedures, premium classifications, and regions. ResultsOverall DR costs were US $41.5 million from 156,752 individuals with DR in JKN database sample.The total cost and per unit procedures cost specifically increased annually from 2015 to 2019 butdeclined substantially in 2020. The largest amount was spent on intravitreal injection ($36.3 million[87.5%]), whereas vitrectomy was the least ($145.0 million [0.3%]). Region 1 (Java Island) with nonbeneficiariesof government subsidies (PBPU and PPU) was the major number of claims ($12.5million [30.1%] and ($7.3 million [17.7%]), while beneficiaries of government subsidies (PBI) outsideJava Island, conversely, were under average. ConclusionThere was significant increase in health expenditure associated with DR in Indonesia from 2015 to2019, but decreased in 2020 possibly due to COVID-19 pandemic. Majority of funding was spent totreat severe spectrum of DR and concerned in urban area.
Increasing quantitative estrogen receptor beta expression in meningioma after exogenous hormonal contraception exposure Sakti, Dhimas Hari; Sasongko, Muhammad Bayu; Pawiroranu, Suhardjo; Heriyanto, Didik Setyo; Mahayana, Indra Tri; Respatika, Datu; Widhasari, Idhayu Anggit; Nurlaila, Prima Sugesty; Supartoto, Agus
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 57 No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v57i4.19604

Abstract

Factors influencing estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression in meningioma are unclear. This study aimed to assess the expression of ER and PR in females with meningioma in relation to patient exogenous hormonal exposure. Cross-sectional study of females with meningioma in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, between 2010 to 2016 was conducted. Histories were obtained through interviews. Expressions of ERa, ERb, and PR were assessed from paraffin blocks containing patients’ meningioma tissue using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The study identified 28 female meningioma patients with a mean age of 45.6 ± 6.8 yr. Increased ERb expression was found in the ³10-yr group of hormonal contraception exposure duration (<10 yr vs ³10 yr = 7.63 (2.3-11.31) vs 12.56 (1.87-42.22), p=0.038). Positive correlation was found between ERb expression and the duration of hormonal contraception exposure (r=0.432; p=0.022), especially progesterone-only contraception (r=0.5; p=0.048), while no significant correlation was found between ERb expression and duration of progesterone-estrogen contraception exposure (r=0.382; p=0.22). No significant analyses were found in ERa and PR. In conclusion, expression of ERβ in meningioma increased in accordance with exogenous hormonal exposure duration, especially progesterone. This finding suggests the importance of ERβ in meningioma and warrants further study as a potential biomarker.
Interleukin-1 (ɑ&β) Polymorphism and Bevacizumab Response in Neovascular AMD: Jogja Ageing and Genomic AMD Determinant (JAGAD) Study Number 4 Supanji, Supanji; Romdhoniyyah, Dewi Fathin; Alvionita, Yola Aulia; Salsabila, Kayla Prihatka; Anggraeni, Septya Olivia; Ar-Rosyid, Dewi Megarani; Indrawati, Vera Nurohmah; Qonitatun H., Khairunnissaa'; Mufidana, Neilil Muna; Anindita, Dinda Ajeng; Nursawitri, Syania; Syahriza, Sekar; Felisha, Hifdza Faza; Prayogo, Mohammad Eko; Wardhana, Firman Setya; Sasongko, Muhammad Bayu; Oka, Chio
International Journal of Retina Vol 9 No 1 (2026): International Journal of Retina (IJRetina) - INAVRS
Publisher : Indonesian Vitreoretinal Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35479/ijretina.2026.vol009.iss001.340

Abstract

Introduction: Interleukin-1 (IL-1) gene polymorphisms may influence anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment response in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) by modulating inflammatory pathways. This study evaluated associations between IL-1 (ɑ&β) and anatomical outcomes following intravitreal bevacizumab. Methods: We conducted a multi-center retrospective study involving 84 eyes from 71 nAMD patients at three tertiary hospitals in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Patients were categorized as responders or non-responders according to whether they achieved a >10% reduction in central macular thickness (CMT) one month post-bevacizumab injection. Peripheral blood samples were collected for DNA extraction and genotyping. Results: Responders demonstrated significantly greater CMT improvement despite having higher baseline values (389.0 µM) compared to non-responders (303.0 µM, p=0.033). At one-month follow-up, responders achieved substantially lower CMT measurements (257.0 µM, p=0.002). The IL-1ɑ risk genotype was not detected in both groups. In addition, the genotype distribution for IL-1ɑ showed no statistical significance difference across age, sex, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and CMT. Genetic analysis revealed that carriers of the IL-1β T allele showed a 39% lower probability of being non-responders (OR 0.61; 95% CI 0.32-1.16). The CT and TT genotypes demonstrated even stronger trends, with 34% (OR 0.66; 95% CI 0.15-2.88) and 67% (OR 0.33; 95% CI 0.06-1.72) reduced probabilities of non-response, respectively. However, these associations did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: Our findings indicate a potential protective effect of the IL-1β -511C/T polymorphism against poor response to bevacizumab therapy, though statistical significance was not achieved. Further investigation with larger sample sizes is necessary to confirm the predictive value of IL-1 genetic variations for anti-VEGF treatment outcomes in nAMD patients.
Co-Authors Alam, Irmastuti Lukitaning Alvionita, Yola Aulia Anggraeni, Septya Olivia Anindita, Dinda Ajeng Ar-Rosyid, Dewi Megarani Chio Oka, Chio Datu Respatika Dhimas Hari Sakti Didik Setyo Heriyanto Ekantini, Retno Felisha, Hifdza Faza Haryanto, Supanji Indra Tri Mahayana Indrawati, Vera Nurohmah Mohammad Eko Prayogo Mufidana, Neilil Muna Nurlaila, Prima Sugesty Nursawitri, Syania Pawiroranu, Suhardjo Qonitatun H., Khairunnissaa' Romdhoniyyah, Dewi Fathin Salsabila, Kayla Prihatka Sandra, Melvina Nidya Shabrina, Yumni Supanji Supanji, Supanji Supartoto, Agus Syahriza, Sekar Wardhana, Firman Setya Widayanti, Tri Wahyu Widhasari, Idhayu Anggit Widyandana Widyandana Widyaputri, Felicia Zaharo, Alfia Fatma