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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Computing, Engineering, and Design Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering Indonesian Journal of Education and Social Science Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development IJITL
Ling, Jen Hua
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Structural Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Beam with Embedded Polystyrene Spheres Ling, Jen Hua; Lau, Ji Wei; Lim, Yong Tat
Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering Volume 3 - Issue 1 - 2023
Publisher : Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53623/csue.v3i1.180

Abstract

The beam is a structural element in a reinforced concrete structure. However, its weight places additional strain on the columns and foundations.Polystyrene spheres can be used to replace concrete in a beam to reduce its weight. However, this can affect the beam’s structural performance. This study investigated the behavior of beams with embedded polystyrene spheres under loads. The purpose was to determine the feasibility of this technique. Six beam specimens, including a control specimen, were tested under the four-point load setup. The polystyrene spheres’ diameter ranged from 50 mm to 75 mm. The spacing between the spheres varied from 10 mm to 30 mm. By replacing 8.7% of the concrete, the beam's strength increased by 8% per unit of concrete. The polystyrene spheres marginally altered the load capacity but reduced the stiffness, uncracked load, and ductility. The load capacity decreased by 2.6% as the polystyrene sphere’s diameter increased from 50 mm to 10 mm. The strength increased by 0.6% as the spacing increased from 10 mm to 30 mm. For satisfactory performance, the polystyrene spheres with a diameter of 0.57 times the beam’s width may be spaced at 1.2 times the concrete cover.
Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Slabs with Embedded Polystyrene Spheres Ling, Jen Hua; Lau, Ji Wei; Lim, Yong Tat
Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering Volume 4 - Issue 1 - 2024
Publisher : Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53623/csue.v4i1.391

Abstract

Polystyrene spheres can be used to substitute concrete in reinforced concrete slabs. Despite the weight, the structural performance of the slab would also be affected. This study investigated the behaviour of slabs containing polystyrene spheres under loads. Six specimens were fabricated and tested under the four-point load setup. The parameters studied included the diameters of the polystyrene spheres and the spacing between them. The polystyrene spheres reduced the slabs’ first crack load, stiffness, yield strength, and ultimate strength. The first crack, yield, and ultimate loads decreased by 22.3%, 2.1%, and 4.1%, respectively, when the polystyrene sphere’s diameter increased from 75 mm to 125 mm. As the polystyrene spheres’ spacing decreased from 50 mm to 10 mm, the first crack, yield, and ultimate loads dropped 14.2%, 9.2%, and 7%, respectively. Despite some limitations identified during the feasibility analysis, specimen SP3 was found feasible as a simply supported one-way spanning slab. In the specimen, the polystyrene spheres were 0.625 times the slab thickness in diameter and 2.5 times the concrete cover in spacing.
Performance of Grouted Splice Sleeve as A Connection for Wall Panels Ling, Jen Hua; Abd. Rahman, Ahmad Baharuddin; Ibrahim, Izni Syahrizal
Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering Volume 4 - Issue 1 - 2024
Publisher : Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53623/csue.v4i1.393

Abstract

A grouted sleeve is a mechanical coupler used to join steel bars. It can be used to join precast concrete walls. Most grouted sleeves are pricey proprietary products. This study investigated the behaviour of a grouted sleeve made of steel pipe sections. The grouted sleeve was used as a wall panel connection. The specimens were subjected to three types of loads: tensile, shear, and flexural. The performance of the specimens was evaluated based on the load-displacement responses. For satisfactory bond strength, a bar embedded length of 11 times the bar diameter was required. The grouted sleeve performed well in tension but poorly in shear load. The service shear load was just one-third of the total load capacity. Thus, the grouted sleeve was not recommended for resisting shear load without shear keys to strengthen the joint.
Implementation of complex engineering problem solving projects in a Malaysian engineering programme Ling, Jen Hua
Indonesian Journal of Education and Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Papanda Publishier

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56916/ijess.v3i2.722

Abstract

Accreditation bodies mandate incorporating complex problem-solving (CPS) in engineering programmes on top of outcome-based education. However, its attributes are open to interpretation, leading to a lack of consensus on its implementation in engineering curricula. This paper suggests a solution: having CPS in projects, especially for the courses aligned with CPS-related outcomes. To eliminate ambiguities, the characteristics of complex engineering problems (WP) and complex engineering activities (EA) are restated. This ensures a consistent interpretation of WPs and EAs among educators. CPS projects can be phased into four stages: awareness, adoption, growth, and maturity, followed by continual quality improvement at both the course and programme levels. The entire process can span several years. To stay current with the latest academic and industrial developments, implementation should be completed within one accreditation cycle.
The Potential of Tea Waste and Silica Fume as Partial Replacements for Cement in Bricks Lim, Yong Tat; Ting, Michelle Sze Hui; Bujang, Ummi Humaira Binti; Bujang, Mastura Binti; Ling, Jen Hua
Indonesian Journal of Computing, Engineering, and Design (IJoCED) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): IJoCED
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Sampoerna University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35806/39gwjx93

Abstract

Bricks are widely used building materials made from sand, cement, and water in standard proportions. However, the increasing demand for construction materials that use sand and ordinary Portland cement is leading to the depletion of natural resources. To address this issue, researchers are exploring alternative materials, such as Tea Waste (TW) and Silica Fume (SF), as partial replacements for cement bricks. This study used a mix proportion of 1:2.5 with a certain percentage of replacement materials and 0.5 of a water/cement ratio. The experimental results indicated that when TW and SF were substituted at 5% and 10%, respectively, the compressive strength of the cement bricks was adequate and met the minimum masonry unit requirements of the British Standard. Additionally, the density of the cement bricks (with TW and SF) was lower than that of solid bricks, and the water absorption met the requirements of the British Standard. However, the cement bricks' effective strength-to-weight ratio (s-w ratio) was lower than 1.0, except for the specimens with 5% TW and 10% SF. The optimum mix proportion was the cement brick with 5% TW and 10% SF as it achieved all the industry requirements. 
Evaluation of Industrial Training Learning Experiences Ling, Jen Hua; Leong, Wen Kam
Indonesian Journal of Education and Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Papanda Publishier

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56916/ijess.v4i1.967

Abstract

Industrial training (IT) is a critical component of engineering education, offering students practical experience and linking academic theory with professional practice. However, its effectiveness in preparing students for the workforce has not been thoroughly examined. This study assesses IT by evaluating its alignment with the standards of the Engineering Accreditation Council (EAC) and collecting student feedback through surveys with 23 students. The findings reveal that the IT met all 11 EAC requirements. Survey results indicate that all students gained valuable real-world insights, with 95.7% reporting improved technical skills and 91.3% noting enhanced soft skills. Despite these positive outcomes, several challenges were identified, including subjective student feedback, inconsistent industrial exposure, limited training duration, and difficulties in monitoring and assessment. These findings highlight areas for improvement in both the curriculum and the IT, suggesting future efforts should focus on refining industrial exposure, enhancing assessment methods, and fostering stronger collaboration with industry partners.
Evaluation of Cement Brick with Cocopeat as Partial Replacement of Sand Lim, Yong Tat; Ling, Jen Hua; Bujang, Ummi Humaira Binti; Leong, Wen Kam; Sia, How Teck; Chiong, Mary Mee Shi
Indonesian Journal of Computing, Engineering, and Design (IJoCED) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): IJoCED
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Sampoerna University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35806/ijoced.v7i1.481

Abstract

The rising population has fueled construction growth, increasing the demand for bricks and raising concerns about the depletion of raw materials, especially sand. To address this, research was carried out to investigate the utilization of cocopeat (CCP) as a partial sand replacement in the construction industry. In this study, a total of 72 specimens were manufactured with varying proportions of cocopeat to replace sand, ranging from 0% to 25%. A 1:2.5 of cement-to-sand ratio and 0.5 of water-to-cement ratio were used. Performance of the cement brick was evaluated based on dimension, compressive strength, density, water absorption, crack development, and effective strength-to-weight ratio (  ratio). Results showed that all bricks met industrial requirements. Satisfactory compressive strength was achieved with 5% to 15% of cocopeat, meeting the minimum requirements in British Standard BS 3921:1985. Bricks with 5% to 10% of cocopeat have no crack on the sample. These bricks resulted in a lower density than solid bricks, while still fulfilled the percentage of water absorption requirements of British Standard, 1985. Cement bricks with 5% and 10% cocopeat had an effective strength-to-weight ratio (  ratio) above 1.0. Notably, brick with 10% cocopeat fulfilled all the industry requirements. Therefore, the cocopeat can be recommended as a partial replacement in brick production.
Assessing the Validity and Reliability of a Rubric-Based Assessment Ling, Jen Hua
Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Papanda Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56916/jmrd.v2i2.1253

Abstract

This paper presents a self-evaluation study of the Final Year Project II (FYPII) report rubric, examining its validity, reliability, and effectiveness in supporting student learning. While rubrics are widely used in education, concerns remain about their fairness and consistency in subjective assessment. This study employed a validity checklist, an explicitness check, an interrater survey, and an awareness survey to evaluate the rubric’s performance. Although it met all validity criteria, ambiguous terms affected reliability. The interrater survey revealed discrepancies among raters, leading to the proposal of four rating rules to enhance consistency. Despite facilitating learning, the rubric showed a gap between students’ understanding of the criteria and their ability to produce quality work. Effective supervisor supervision was identified as crucial in bridging this gap. These findings highlight that a well-designed rubric alone is insufficient—proper implementation is essential to ensure meaningful assessment without overburdening evaluators.
Assessing Student Learning Experiences in Integrated Design Projects of a Malaysian Civil Engineering Programme Ling, Jen Hua
Indonesian Journal of Education and Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Papanda Publishier

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56916/ijess.v4i2.1057

Abstract

This study investigated the student learning experiences in the Integrated Design Project (IDP) of a Malaysian civil engineering programme. Understanding these experiences is crucial for improving the course and better preparing students for professional practice. The study evaluated the current implementation against the Engineering Accreditation Council (EAC) requirements for validity and conducted a questionnaire survey to assess students' learning experiences for effectiveness. The survey evaluated four aspects of the learning experience, including commitment and participation, teaching and learning resources, learning mechanisms and processes, and overall satisfaction. The results indicated that the IDP met all 11 accreditation requirements set by the EAC, and students generally had positive learning experiences, with 93.8% of respondents enjoying the IDP class. These results suggest that the IDP effectively prepares students for real-world challenges, especially for those working within the local industry. However, the study also noted some limitations of the IDP. Each student played key roles in only 5.4 out of 13 topics (41.5%), and 43.8% of the students lacked collaborative learning experiences. To address these issues, supervisors could encourage peer teaching and peer review to broaden students' understanding beyond their limited topics.
A Review of Rubrics in Education: Potential and Challenges Ling, Jen Hua
Indonesian Journal of Innovative Teaching and Learning Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): IJITL, Volume 2, Issue 1 (2025): February-July Period
Publisher : Academia Edu Cendekia Indonesia (AEDUCIA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64420/ijitl.v2i1.197

Abstract

Background: In recent years, the use of rubrics in educational assessment has gained significant attention due to their potential to enhance transparency, consistency, and learning outcomes. However, debates persist regarding their practical implementation, effectiveness, and limitations in various educational contexts. Objective: This study reviews the literature on rubrics, focusing on their role in learning facilitation, fair assessment, reliability, and validity. Method: The research follows a literature study approach, analyzing data from journals, scientific articles, and literature reviews. The analysis process includes data collection, classification, presentation, and conclusion drawing, with data triangulation used for validation. Results: Teachers should have the flexibility to decide whether to use rubrics. If adopted, rubrics must be well-designed and implemented by incorporating essential characteristics, avoiding common pitfalls, and continuously improving them to ensure fairness, reliability, and validity. Conclusion: Rubrics can be effective assessment tools when properly designed and implemented, but they require ongoing refinement to maximize their benefits. Contribution: This study provides insights into best practices for rubric use, highlighting key factors for effective implementation in educational settings.
Co-Authors Abd. Rahman, Ahmad Baharuddin Ali, Dayang Siti Hazimmah Bujang, Mastura Bujang, Mastura Binti Bujang, Ummi Humaira Binti Chin, Wei Jun Chiong, Mary Mee Shi Ibrahim, Izni Syahrizal Jusli, Euniza Lau, Ji Wei Lee, Toh Sing Leong, Wen Kam Lim, Yong Tat Ling, Bing Liang Sia, How Teck Su, Vincent Liang Cheng Ting, Michelle Sze Hui