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The Experience of Commuters Facing Severe Traffic Congestion in The Jabodetabek Area Hasanah, Linda Usfatul; Chotib, Chotib
The Indonesian Journal of Planning and Development Vol 11, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijpd.11.1.27-36

Abstract

Congestion that occurs in the Greater Jakarta metropolitan area is the result of an imbalance between road capacity and the number of vehicles crossing an area. According to data from the 2023 commuter survey, 79% of private vehicle users and 19.5% of public transportation users, the rest are non-motorized vehicle users. Congestion that occurs is not only due to an imbalance in road capacity and the use of motor vehicles, there are factors that affect severe congestion in Greater Jakarta, namely individual characteristic variables (gender, age, education, occupation, and income), mode of transportation (mode of transportation used and frequency of change of modes) and travel characteristics (distance traveled and travel time). Variables of distance traveled and travel time are important factors for severe congestion in Greater Jakarta. This study aims to analyze the influence and significance of each variable on the chances of severe congestion experienced by commuters in the Greater Jakarta area. This data was analyzed statistically descriptive and inferential. This study utilizes microdata from the 2023 Jabodetabek Commuter Survey from the Central Statistics Agency. The results of the analysis show that all the variables proposed in this study have a significant effect on the chance of severe congestion.
Integrating Green Ship Recycling into Indonesia’s Circular Economy Roadmap: A Geoda-Based Spatial Analysis Shabrina, Nurul; Fitrinitia, Irene Sondang; Chotib, Chotib
The Indonesian Journal of Planning and Development Vol 11, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijpd.11.1.37-48

Abstract

Indonesia holds a strategic opportunity to develop Green Ship Recycling (GSR) as part of its transition toward a circular economy, particularly with the obligation to ratify the Hong Kong International Convention (HKC) 2009 by June 2025. However, GSR has not been fully integrated into the Circular Economy Roadmap 2025–2045, despite pressing issues of hazardous waste, material efficiency, and sustainable resource management. This study aims to demonstrate the crucial role of GSR in Indonesia’s circular economy and provide evidence-based policy recommendations for building a national GSR ecosystem. Data from 38 provinces were analyzed using GeoDa through multiple regression and spatial autocorrelation. The regression model shows a strong fit (R² = 0.829; Adjusted R² = 0.803; p < 0.001), with metal recyclers (β = 1.166), non-metal recyclers (β = 0.564), and hazardous waste facilities (β = 0.141) significantly supporting shipyard growth, while steel plants negatively affect development (β = –0.309). Spatial autocorrelation and LISA cluster analysis identified Riau Islands, East Java, Jakarta, and West Java as strategic hubs for GSR cluster development. The findings highlight those shipyards, recyclers, waste handlers, and steel manufacturers tend to cluster spatially, reinforcing the feasibility of establishing integrated GSR ecosystems in Indonesia. Such clustering could reduce dependence on volatile raw material imports by strengthening domestic recycled steel supply chains. Overall, this study provides empirical support for integrating GSR into Indonesia’s circular economy roadmap by enhancing cross-ministerial coordination, prioritizing cluster-based development, and ensuring alignment with HKC to promote sustainable and green ship recycling.