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The Influence of Domestic Politics of South Korea on its Relations with North Korea and the United States Miftah Farid Darussalam
Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol 23, No 3 (2020): March
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jsp.48652

This paper aims to conduct research on the influence of domestic South Korean politics on relations with the United States and North Korea. In this case, the theory of dominance of domestic political actors explains where the dominance of a group will have an influence on determining the foreign policy of a country. South Korea’s domestic politics is dominated by two groups with different ideologies in the face of the United States and North Korea. This then resulted in different actions in the face of North Korea and the United States. The differences will be explained by assessing some of the policies applied to Kim Dae Jung’s regime and Roh Moo-Hyun from a progressive group. The policy will then be compared to the policies of the regime of Lee Myung Bak from conservative groups. Differences in the group’s dominant views in South Korea have led to certain strategies for each group in the face of the opposition group. The strategy is carried out to maintain the effectiveness of the policies applied according to the ideology of each group. This research used literature study as the method by taking data from journals and reports which that discuss the national politics of South Korea. The theoretical framework of V.M Hudson, which focuses on the national circumstances, and the role of domestic actors have been applied in this research.

RELEVANSI IDENTITAS AGAMA DI TENGAH DOMINASI IDENTITAS NEGARA-BANGSA Miftah Farid Darussalam; Mirah Satria Alamsyah
Indonesian Journal of International Relations Vol 6 No 1 (2022): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Publisher : Indonesian Association for International Relations

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32787/ijir.v6i1.199

This writing argues that nation-states could be treated as an identity rather than only the accepted actor of international relations. Understand nation-states as an identity is important, following the constructivist argument that identity could shape an individual or even nation-states' intention. Nation-states as the main actor of international relations impacted to their intention define only by the identity that emerges from it. Although, other identities especially religious identity in this writing argued still relevant in the identity conceptual framework that this paper provides. This paper highlights that nation-states identity work as representative identity, as the basis of identification over self-image on the surface. Meanwhile, religious identity lies within the nation-states; it might not always represent nation-states but could do so on a contextual basis. This is qualitative research using identity as the conceptual framework. Then, literature studies as the method and data collection been done by collecting relevant academic journals, books, and other relevant articles.

Human Health Threat and Economic Vulnerability: A Case Study on the COVID-19 Pandemic Alamsyah, Mirah Satria; Alfian, Muhammad Faizal; Darussalam, Miftah Farid
Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional Vol. 23, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

This paper frames the approach to determining policies in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, which either prioritise human health security protection or economic vulnerability. In this paper, the human security concept will be used to explain COVID-19 as a health security problem due to the existence of an existential threat. However, the same approach is not applicable in looking at COVID-19 as an economic security problem. Because the existential threat is less visible in human economic security aspects, it tends to be more appropriate to look at COVID-19 as the stressor that strengthens human vulnerabilities. This paper uses a qualitative descriptive approach by using the conceptual framework to analyse news, reports, books, and academic journals as the sources of data. The writers analyse and group the data by types of security, as well as based upon the root causes that contribute to human vulnerability, then compare both sectors. This paper argues that in the pandemic situation, human health is threatened, whereas the economy is at a vulnerable position due to COVID-19. This paper also argues that COVID-19 has not yet threatened human economic security in the early stage, but soon, it will. As a result, stakeholders need to prioritise policies based on the human health security approach.

STATE ACTION AS AN INDIVIDUAL SECURITY THREAT IN CASE OF CYBERCRIME SECURITIZATION Miftah Farid; Ajeng Ayu Adhisty
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi ttg Kajian & Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism & Integrity Vol 5, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

In the current security concept, there are some changes to the current security object. This is due to the increasingly broad understanding of security objects. This study examines the emergence of cyber issues as a new threat to state security. Cyber actions in the virtual world are developing along with the rapid technology development. Moreover, the state policy on cyber issues is considered as a new threat to individual security. The development of that state security issue is being debated among the theoreticians of international security studies. The concept of securitization explains the phenomenon of cyber issues and receives the attention of many states. Securitization carried out by the United States on Cybercrime issues becomes the initial trigger in viewing cyber actions as a new threat to state security. The object of this paper is more focused on State policy in dealing with cyber threats. Afterward, state policy in facing the cyber threat is seen from the perspective of human security from UNDP. Therefore, there is a debate about the desired security object. State actions to reach state security are then considered as individual privacy security. So, international security now does not only focus on state objects but also on individual, environment, economy, and identity. Thus, every action taken in securing an object does not pose a threat to other security objects.Keywords: Cybercrime, State Security, Human Security, Securitization

THE DILEMMA OF HEALTH SECURITY AND ECONOMIC SECURITY IN HANDLING CORONAVIRUS DISEASE (COVID-19) CASE STUDY: MAKASSAR RECOVER POLICY Miftah Farid Darussalam; Ayu Rezky Safaat; Maya Madya Agustin
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi ttg Kajian & Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism & Integrity Vol 8, No 3 (2022)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v8i3.1767

International security studies have developed and expanded from the scope and actors involved. The emergence of new threats, such as the spread of disease, requires the state to shift the referent object of security to focus on the individual. The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) phenomenon is a new thing that requires a quick response from the state and local governments. This response is needed to suppress the resulting impact so that it does not grow and spread to various fields. This study aims to assess the implementation of the Makassar Recover policy to handle COVID-19 through the Human Security Concept. It starts by comparing several state policies and more specifically looking at local government policies in Indonesia in dealing with the COVID-19 phenomenon. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods and interviews with several parties related to the COVID-19 phenomenon. The approach used is the concept of Human Security to measure the form of secured threats and objects. The study results that the implementation of the Makassar Recover policy has a dilemma in determining the priority of objects that should be secured. In the case of the COVID-19 phenomenon, it is still difficult for central and regional government policies to determine policy priorities that are directed at the economy or health sector. In this study, the results are that the Makassar Recover Policy should be implemented in stages. The health security sectors should be the priority, not economic security. Because the COVID-19 phenomenon has an existential threat to health security, economic security is still at the stage of vulnerability

State and Social-Centered Approaches to The Political Economy of South Korea Miftah Farid; Riska Luneto
Intermestic: Journal of International Studies Vol 7 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/intermestic.v7n2.8

This paper aims to analyze South Korea's development efforts by looking at the two differences between the state-centered and social-centered approaches. Both have different views from each other, but this is what the author tries to use to describe the process of South Korea's economic development during the Park Cung-Hee administration amidst the intervention of capitalist groups. Development is divided into three important phases; preconstruction, stabilization, and rapid development with a development strategy within a certain period of time and industrialization in many sectors. In the process, South Korea emphasizes the role of the government and other stakeholders who have a major role in the country's economic development, although in the midst of its development there are internal obstacles experienced by South Korea, South Korea actually shows its economic success today.

DevelopmentEthics and Sustainable Development Goals in The Era of Regional Autonomy Darussalam, Miftah Farid; Bakar, Abu; Luneto, Riska
JUSS (Jurnal Sosial Soedirman) Vol 8 No 1 (2025): JUSS (Jurnal Sosial Soedirman)
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial and Ilmu Politik Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/juss.v8i1.15500

Tulisan ini mencoba untuk menjelaskan nilai-nilai etika pembangunan dan pembangunan berkelanjutan dalam implementasinya pada ruang ligkup internasional, nasional, dan daerah. Hal ini menjadi menarik ketika membandingkan nilai-nilai pembangunan secara teoritis dan praktik di lapangan, khususnya pada negara berkembang. Teori yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah etika pembangunan. Hal ini membantu untuk melihat dan memberikan pandangan kritis terhadap pembangunan yang dilakukan oleh negara. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi literatur. Penulis melihat bahwa etika pembangunan dan pembangunan berkelanjutan memiliki nilai yag cukup universal. Namun, nilai-nilai tersebut mendapatkan tantangan pada implementasinya di negara berkembang. Sistem otonomi daerah yang selalu dianggap sebagai alternatif pembangunan, justru menimbulkan beberapa permasalahan dalam proses pembangunan yang dilakukan pemerintah daerah di Indonesia.

The Dilemma of Asylum Seekers in Indonesia: Between National Security and Human Security Darussalam, Miftah Farid; Luneto, Riska
Indonesian Perspective Vol 10, No 1 (2025): (Januari-Juni 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ip.v10i1.71619

This paper aims to examine Indonesia's attitude towards refugees from several countries. This phenomenon is interesting because it is seen from Indonesia's attitude that does not ratify the international immigrant convention, on the other hand Indonesia is trying to fulfill international norms related to human rights. This paper uses the conceptual/theoretical framework of national security and human security. The method used in this paper is a qualitative method with a literature study approach. Indonesia has no obligation to accept immigrants under the international immigrant convention. However, Indonesia chooses to accept immigrants from some countries based on the value of human rights. Thus, Indonesia's prioritization between national security and human security of refugees should prioritize national security if it is threatened by the arrival of immigrants from several countries. The hypothesis in this paper is that the priority level of national security and human security can be determined based on the urgency of the threat to the intended security object. Furthermore, this paper tries to position the state in the implementation of human security.

The Dilemma of Asylum Seekers in Indonesia: Between National Security and Human Security Darussalam, Miftah Farid; Luneto, Riska
Indonesian Perspective Vol 10, No 1 (2025): (Januari-Juni 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ip.v10i1.71619

This paper aims to examine Indonesia's attitude towards refugees from several countries. This phenomenon is interesting because it is seen from Indonesia's attitude that does not ratify the international immigrant convention, on the other hand Indonesia is trying to fulfill international norms related to human rights. This paper uses the conceptual/theoretical framework of national security and human security. The method used in this paper is a qualitative method with a literature study approach. Indonesia has no obligation to accept immigrants under the international immigrant convention. However, Indonesia chooses to accept immigrants from some countries based on the value of human rights. Thus, Indonesia's prioritization between national security and human security of refugees should prioritize national security if it is threatened by the arrival of immigrants from several countries. The hypothesis in this paper is that the priority level of national security and human security can be determined based on the urgency of the threat to the intended security object. Furthermore, this paper tries to position the state in the implementation of human security.

Strengthening South-South Cooperation: Indonesia’s Grant to Afghanistan in 2022 Suhafid, Muh. Zulhamdi; Zainal, Nur Aliyah; Darussalam, Miftah Farid
Intermestic: Journal of International Studies Vol 9 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Departemen Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/intermestic.v9n2.7

This research aims to analyze the implementation of Indonesia's grant program for Afghanistan in 2022 as a manifestation of strengthening South-South cooperation. By exploring using the constructivism approach in international relations related to the identity and interests of the two countries, it forms a pattern of bilateral cooperation. The research used qualitative method with data collection techniques through journals and reports on strengthening South-South cooperation through grant programs. The results showed that the grant program was allocated into three priority sectors: Handling the Food Crisis, Capacity Building Training in Maternal and Child Health, and Educational Support Assistance for Afghan Postgraduate Students. The program successfully trained and improved the academic skills of Afghans, increased agricultural productivity in targeted areas and access to basic health services. While this cooperation has faced challenges, Indonesia's adaptive approach through cooperation with local organizations and the use of information technology for remote monitoring has proven effective. This study concludes that the success of the grant program not only strengthens bilateral relations but also shows the strengthening of state-identity solidarity in the south-south region, which emphasizes equality, care, and the encouragement of identity among Muslim-developing countries.

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