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Escalation of Threats and the Impact of Disaster Terrorism on the Security of the Indonesian Presidential: Eskalasi Ancaman dan Dampak Terorisme Bencana terhadap Keamanan Presiden Indonesia Qusyairi; Karuniasa, Mahawan; Syauqillah, Muhamad
Al-Jinayah : Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Islamic Criminal Law Study Program, Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Ampel State Islamic University Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/aj.2025.11.2.248-268

Abstract

Terrorism constitutes a complex, man-made social disaster that threatens national stability, particularly the president as a symbol of state sovereignty. This study analyzes the growing terrorist threats targeting the President of the Republic of Indonesia and examines their multidimensional impacts. The research employs a qualitative approach through literature review, semi-structured interviews, and field observations, with thematic analysis grounded in terrorism studies and security theory. The findings indicate that threats to the president have become increasingly diverse and technologically sophisticated. In addition to conventional physical attacks, emerging threats include cyberattacks, digital disinformation, the use of drones, deepfake operations, lone-actor extremism, and the potential deployment of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) materials. Although terrorism incidents in Indonesia have generally declined, risks persist through unconventional attack patterns. Threats against the head of state generate wide-ranging consequences for political stability, social cohesion, economic resilience, and international relations. Therefore, ensuring presidential security requires an integrated, intelligence-based strategy emphasizing early detection, rapid response, and adaptive, sustained interagency coordination.
Potential Carbon Stocks in the Kasepuhan Karang Customary Area Abdul Mukti; Mahawan Karuniasa
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 11 No 6 (2025): June
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v11i6.11172

Abstract

Customary areas in Indonesia, including Kasepuhan Karang, play a crucial role in forest conservation and climate change mitigation. According to data from the Indigenous Territory Registration Agency (BRWA), the Kasepuhan Karang customary area covers 1.081 hectares, with land cover composition including primary dry forest, settlements, mixed dry agriculture, and rice fields. The methods used in this study include GIS analysis and remote sensing with high-resolution imagery from PlanetScope, as well as field data verification. This study aims to analyze the potential above-ground carbon stocks in the customary area of Kasepuhan Karang, Banten Province. The results show that the primary dry forest land cover has the highest biomass potential of 38.507 Mg and carbon stocks of 18.099 Mg C. The total carbon stocks in the Kasepuhan Karang customary area are 42.986 Mg C, with varying distribution across different land cover classes. Mixed dry agriculture, which dominates this area, also has significant biomass potential and carbon stocks. These findings emphasize the importance of sustainable land management to optimize carbon sequestration potential and support climate change mitigation.
A system dynamics model for rice farmers’ livelihood resilience in Indonesia coastal area Pratiwi, Nila Ardhyarini H.; Karuniasa, Mahawan; Suroso, Djoko Santoso Abi
Trend and Future of Agribusiness Vol. 2 No. 1: (February) 2025
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Social, Science, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/tafoa.v2i1.2025.2482

Abstract

Background: Climate change has become a major global challenge, particularly for vulnerable archipelagic and agrarian countries like Indonesia. Many rice fields in coastal areas—including Cirebon District—are highly exposed to extreme climate events such as prolonged droughts. These conditions disrupt rice farmers’ livelihood systems and reduce their income, threatening their overall livelihood resilience. Methods: This study employed a mixed-methods approach by integrating qualitative and quantitative data to develop a system dynamics model. The model explored interactions between livelihood capital assets, self-organization, learning capacity, and climate conditions. Livelihood resilience was assessed through farmers’ income as a key livelihood outcome. Finding: Model outcomes show that rice farmers’ livelihood systems are not resilient to drought impacts, as their income consistently falls below the ideal threshold. Drought events disrupt livelihoods and lead to income losses, and current farmer-led adaptation efforts are insufficient to improve resilience. Without intervention from government or relevant stakeholders, the livelihood system is projected to remain non-resilient in the future. Conclusion: Rice farmers in Cirebon District lack adequate resilience to cope with drought impacts. Strengthening livelihood resilience requires targeted government interventions to improve critical subsystems, including irrigation governance, crop insurance mechanisms, adaptive farming capacity, and access to climate information. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study provides a system-level understanding of rice farmers’ livelihood resilience by integrating system dynamics modeling with mixed-methods data. It offers a holistic analysis of how livelihood assets, learning capacity, self-organization, and climate stressors interact, and identifies leverage points for policy intervention in drought-prone coastal regions.
Flood early warning systems for landlocked countries: A study in Chikwawa District in Malawi Maulana, Precious; Karuniasa, Mahawan; Sodri, Ahyahudin
Sustinere: Journal of Environment and Sustainability Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): pp. 239-407
Publisher : Center for Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/sustinere.jes.v9i3.566

Abstract

This study addresses a critical gap in the understanding of Flood Early Warning Systems (FEWS) within landlocked, resource-constrained contexts by focusing on Chikwawa District, Malawi. The study moved beyond descriptive accounts to provide a nuanced analysis grounding the inquiry into disaster risk reduction theory to assess both the operational and community-level effectiveness of current systems. Employing a mixed-methods approach, this research combines quantitative data from 204 household surveys with qualitative insights from four key informant interviews to triangulate the assessment of flood preparedness, warning dissemination, and community response capabilities. The findings reveal that, while national agencies have established relatively robust monitoring frameworks, significant challenges persist in the final-mile communication loop, resulting in a notable disparity between warning issuance and effective community action. Specifically, issues such as a lack of trust in official messages, inconsistent communication channels, and the absence of well-defined evacuation routes critically hinder the system's overall efficacy. By integrating geographical analysis with on-the-ground perspectives, this paper provides a more complete picture of the obstacles to effective FEWS. The study's key policy implications include the need for more localised and tailored communication strategies, community-based drills to foster trust, and targeted infrastructure investments to enhance last-mile delivery and response capabilities. This work contributes to academic literature by offering a theoretically grounded case study from a landlocked perspective, enriching the global discourse on flood resilience.
Potensi Dampak Lingkungan Produksi Biodiesel dari Minyak Sawit dengan LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) di Indonesia Paminto, Ari; Karuniasa, Mahawan; Frimawaty, Evi
Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) Vol 12 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (JPSL)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Lingkungan Hidup, IPB (PPLH-IPB) dan Program Studi Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan, IPB (PS. PSL, SPs. IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jpsl.12.1.64-71

Abstract

Produksi energi primer di Indonesia pada tahun 2018 yang terdiri dari minyak bumi, gas bumi, batu bara, dan energi terbarukan mencapai 1.504 juta SBM (Setara Barel Minyak). Ketergantungan penggunaan bahan bakar minyak (BBM) terutama di sektor transportasi masih tinggi. Komitmen global terhadap pengurangan emisi gas rumah kaca, mendorong pemerintah Indonesia untuk mendukung peran energi baru dan terbarukan. Penilaian siklus hidup (LCA) telah menjadi teknik populer yang diterapkan untuk mengevaluasi dampak lingkungan, konsumsi energi dan emisi GRK (Gas Rumah Kaca) dari produksi biofuel. Untuk mengevaluasi dampak siklus hidup biodiesel, banyak tahapan yang harus dipertimbangkan termasuk perubahan penggunaan lahan, perkebunan, milling, pemurnian, konversi bahan bakar. Sudah ada beberapa penelitian yang melaporkan siklus hidup produksi minyak sawit. Namun, sebagian besar masih berfokus pada emisi GRK dan kebutuhan energi. Oleh karena itu, dalam makalah ini akan menyajikan LCA dengan kategori dampak yang lebih luas dari produksi biodiesel di Indonesia mulai dari fase perkebunan hingga fase produksi. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penyumbang utama dampak lingkungan produksi biodisel adalah penggunaan pupuk pada tahap perkebunan dan proses transesterifikasi pada pabrik biodiesel.