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PENGARUH DUA SISTEM OLAH TANAH DAN APLIKASI HERBISIDA TERHADAP RESPIRASI TANAH PADA PERTANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea Mays L.) MUSIM TANAM KE-5 Wicaksono, Andri Tri; Niswati, Ainin; Arif, M A Syamsul; Utomo, Muhajir
Jurnal Agrotek Tropika Vol 10, No 1 (2022): JURNAL AGROTEK TROPIKA VOL 10, JANUARI 2022
Publisher : Departement of Agrotechnology, Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jat.v10i1.5632

Tanaman jagung merupakan salah satu tanaman penting di Lampung. Banyaknya permintaan jagung tidak sesuai dengan ketersediaanjagung saat ini karena jumlah produksi yang rendah. Sistem budidaya yang buruk membuat produksinya rendah yang dipengaruhi oleh proses pengolahan tanah sehingga terjadi kerusakan tanah. Salah satu cara mempertahankan produktivitas tanah yaitu dengan memodifikasi cara olah tanah dan intensitas pengolahan tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mempelajari pengaruh dua sistem pengolahan tanah pada pertanaman jagung (Zea mays L.), pengaruh aplikasi herbisida terhadap respirasi tanah pada pertanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) dan pengaruh interaksi antara sistem olah tanah dan aplikasi herbisida terhadap respirasi tanah pada pertanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) pertanaman ke-5. Penelitian dilakukan di Lab Lap Terpadu Universitas Lampung. Rancangan yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok faktorial dengan dua faktor yang terdiri dari sistem olah tanah dan aplikasi herbisida. Data dianalisis dengan sidik ragam pada taraf 5% yang diuji homogenitas ragamnya dahulu dengan Uji Bartlett dan adivitasnya diuji dengan Uji Tukey. Rata-rata nilai tengah dari data diuji dengan uji BNT pada taraf 5%. Hubungan antara pH, suhutanah, C-organik, kadar air dengan respirasi tanah diketahui dengan uji korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Perlakuan sistem olah tanah tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap respirasi tanah pada semua fase pengamatan. Perlakuan aplikasi herbisida berpengaruh nyata terhadap respirasi tanah pada pengamatan fase generatif, tetapi tidak pada pengamatan sebelum olah tanah, setelah olah tanah dan fase vegetatif. Tidak terdapat interaksi antara dua sistem olah tanah dan aplikasi herbisida terhadap respirasi tanah pada semua fase pengamatan.

PENGARUH SISTEM OLAH TANAH JANGKA PANJANG DAN PEMBERIAN PUPUK NITROGEN (KE-34) TERHADAP KANDUNGAN ASAM HUMAT DAN ASAM FULVAT TANAH PADA PERTANAMAN JAGUNG DI POLITEKNIK NEGERI LAMPUNG Afrianti, Nur Afni; Kartini, Bunga; Sarno, Sarno; Novpriansyah, Hery; Supriatin, Supriatin; Utomo, Muhajir
Jurnal Agrotek Tropika Vol 11, No 4 (2023): JURNAL AGROTEK TROPIKA VOL 11, November 2023
Publisher : Departement of Agrotechnology, Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jat.v11i4.8251

Asam humat adalah komponen terpenting dari senyawa humus karenamembantu menggemburkan tanah, dan membantu transfer nutrien dari tanah kedalam tanaman, serta meningkatkan retensi kandungan air, dan memacu pertumbuhan mikroba di dalam tanah. Asam fulvat berperan dalam melarutkan sisa-sisa pupuk kimia, memperbaiki tanah dan mengatur aktivitivas mikroorganisme tanah. Olah tanah konservasi (OTK) merupakan cara penyiapan lahan yang dapat mengurangi kehilangan tanah dan air kerena erosi dan penguapan dibandingkan dengan cara-cara penyiapan lahan secara konvensional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sistem olah tanah dan pemberian pupuk nitrogen jangka panjang pada pertanaman jagung terhadap kandungan asam humat dan asam fulvat tanah, serta mengetahui interaksi anatar sistem olah tanah dan pemupukan nitrogen jangka panjang terhadap asam humat dan asam fulvat tanah. Faktor pertama adalah sistem olah tanah yaitu T1= olah tanah intensif, T2= olah tanah minimum, T3= tanpa olah tanah, dan faktor kedua adalah pemupukan nitrogen yaitu N0= tanpa pemupukan dan N2= pemupukan 200 kg N/ha. Data yang diperoleh diuji homogenitasnya dengan uji Bartlet dan aditifitasnya diuji dengan uji Tukey dan dilakukan analisis ragam kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ taraf 5%. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa olah tanah minimum berpengaruh nyata mampu meningkatkan kadar asam humat dibandingkan pada tanpa olah tanah intensif, sedangkan sistem olah tanah tidak berpengaruh nyata terdahap kadar asam fulvat tanah pada kedalaman tanah 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, dan -10 cm. Pemberian pupuk nitrogen (N) mampu meningkatkan kadar asam humat di dalam tanah, dibandingkan tanpa pemberian pupuk nitrogen. Pemberian pupuk nitrogen (N) juga mampu meningkatkan kadar asam fulvat di dalam tanah daripada tanpa pemupukan nitrogen. Pada sistem olah tanah dan pemupukan nitrogen memiliki interaksi pada kedalaman 0-5 cm, dan 5-10 cm. Pada kedalaman 0-5 cm dan 5-10 cm olah tanah minimum dengan tanpa pemupukan nitrogen nyata meningkatkan kadar asam humat, sedangkan pada tanpa olah tanah dengan pemupukan nitrogen nyata meningkatkan kadar asam humat. Pada pemupukan nitrogen sistem olah tanah nyata meningkat kadar asam humat dibandingkan tanpa pemupukan nitrogen.

Phosphorus (P) Adsorption Behavior and Harvested P by the Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) Affected by Inorganic and Organic Fertilizer Applications on an Ultisol Lumbanraja, Jamalam; Satgada, Catur Putra; Sarno, Sarno; Utomo, Muhajir; Hasibuan, Rosma; Dermiyati, Dermiyati; Triyono, Sugeng
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 23 No. 1: January 2018
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2018.v23i1.35-45

The field and laboratory experimental studies were conducted to determine the phosphorus (P) adsorption behavior employing Langmuir Method and yield of sugarcane as affected by compost and inorganic fertilizer applications, and to determine the correlations between the Langmuir parameters and the availability of P in soil or harvested P by the sugarcane. Both field and lab experiments were arranged in a randomized block design, consisting of five treatments (A= 100% NPK, B=100% compost, C=100% NPK + 50% compost, D= 50% NPK + 100%, compost, and E= no fertilizer).Â Each treatment was replicated three times. Field and laboratory studies were carried out in the sugarcane field and in the Laboratory of Soil Science, the University of Lampung for Langmuir P studies, respectively. The results showed that the applications of 100% NPK plus 50% organic fertilizer, and 100% NPK resulted in the highest amount of available-P in the soil, the lowest maximum adsorption of P (Xm) and the lowest relative bonding energy of P (km); as well as the highest effect on the increase of sugarcane production. On the other hand, the treatments of no fertilizer and the 100% organic fertilizer resulted in the highest maximum adsorption of P (Xm) and the lowest sugar production. There were very significant negative correlations between the maximum adsorption of P (Xm) and soil P, harvested P by the sugarcane and stem biomass; while similar trend but no significant correlations between the relative bonding energy of P (km) and soil P, harvested P, leaf biomass and stem biomass were detected.Â Â

Phosphorus Extraction from Soil Constituents Using Bray P-1, Mehlich-1 and Olsen Solutions Lumbanraja, Jamalam; Mulyani, Sri; Utomo, Muhajir; Sarno, Sarno
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 22 No. 2: May 2017
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2017.v22i2.67-76

The extraction methods using Bray P-1, Mehlich-1, and Olsen solutions are the most frequently used in equilibrium condition to estimate the available P in the soil constituents. However, each method can gives some different values that may not describe the availability of soil P. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a laboratory experiment to compare the three solutions in equilibrium and kinetics conditions for P release from soil colloids as a basic data for the future related to plant productions. The objective of this study was to compare the amounts of P release in equilibrium and kinetics conditions using Bray P-1, Mehlich-1, and Olsen solutions and the rate constants (k) of P release from soil colloids using the three solutions of five soil constituents or treatments: (1) Soil (100% soil), (2) P-rock (100% phosphate rock), (3) compost (100% chicken manure compost), (4) soil + P-rock (75% soil + 25% phosphate rock), and (5) soil + P-rock + compost (50% soil + 25% phosphate rock + 25% chicken manure compost). Each extraction for each treatment was conducted in triplicate. The results indicate that the amounts of extracted P employing equilibrium condition in all treatments are significantly lower compared to those employing kinetics condition. The results also show that Mehlich-1 solution is the most powerful solution to extract P from soil constituents followed by Bray P-1 solution and Olsen solution, except that in the soil + phosphate rock + compost treatment in which the amount of P extracted using Mehlich-1 solution is the highest then followed by that of P extracted by Olsen solution and Bray P-1 solution both in equilibrium and kinetic conditions. The highest rate constants (k) of the reaction in all treatments were found in the extractions using Mehlich-1 solution for desorbed P followed by that of using Bray P-1 solution and Olsen solution.Â Keywords: Compost, equilibrium, kinetics, P extraction solutions, phosphate rock, soil

Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon under Rhizosphere and Non- Rhizosphere of Maize after a Long-Term Nitrogen Fertilization and Tillage Systems Dermiyati, .; Firdaus, Eva; Utomo, Muhajir; Arif, Mas Achmad Syamsul; Nugroho, Sutopo Ghani
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 16 No. 1: January 2011
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2011.v16i1.63-68

This research aimed to study the soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) under maize plant after a long-term application of nitrogen fertilizer and tillage systems (at the 37th growing season). The treatments were arranged in a factorial (3x3) in a randomized completely block design with 3 replications. The first factor was tillage systems, namely intensive tillage (IT) system, minimum tillage (MT) system, and no tillage (NT) system, and the second factor was the long-term application of nitrogen fertilizer, namely 0, 100, and 200 kg N ha-1. Data were analyzed using an orthogonal contrast test and a correlation test between SMBC and organic-C, total-N, and pH of the soil. The results showed that, in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere of maize plant, MT system increased the SMBC compared to NT and IT systems. However, application of long-term application of nitrogen fertilizer did not increase the SMBC. Nevertheless, fertilizer application of 100 kg N ha-1 increased the SMBC compare to 200 kg N ha-1.Furthermore, the combination of MT system and 100 kg N ha-1 could increase the SMBC compared to the other combined treatment between tillage systems and N fertilization doses. The SMBC was higher in the rhizosphere than in non-rhizosphere of maize plant.Keywords: Non-rhizosphere, rhizosphere, soil microbial biomass carbon, tillage systems

Long-term Tillage and Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Soil Properties and Crop Yields Utomo, Muhajir; Banuwa, Irwan Sukri; Buchari, Henrie; Anggraini, Yunita; Berthiria, .
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 18 No. 2: May 2013
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2013.v18i2.131-139

The impact of agricultural intensification on soil degradation now is occurring in tropical countries. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of long-term tillage and N fertilization on soil properties and crop yields in corn-soybean rotation. This long-term study which initiated since 1987 was carried out on a Typic Fragiudult soil at Politeknik Negeri Lampung, Sumatra (105o13â€™45.5"-105o13â€™48.0"E, 05o21â€™19.6"-05o21â€™19.7"S) in 2010 and 2011. A factorial experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with four replications. The first factor was tillage system namely intensive tillage (IT) and conservation tillage (CT) which consist of minimum tillage (MT) and no-tillage (NT); while the second factor was N fertilization with rates of 0, 100 and 200 kg N ha-1 applied for corn, and 0, 25, and 50 kg N ha-1 for soybean. The results showed thatÂ bulk density and soil strength at upper layer after 24 years of cropping were similar among treatments, but the soil strength under IT at 50-60 cm depth was 28.2% higher (p<0.05) than NT. Soil moisture and temperature under CT at 0-5 cm depth were respectively 38.1% and 4.5%Â higher (p<0.05) than IT. High N rate decreased soil pH at 0-20 cm depth as much as 10%,Â but increased total soil N at 0-5 cm depth as much as 19% (p<0.05).Â At 0-10 cm depth, MT with no N had highest exchangeable K, while IT with medium N rate had the lowest (p<0.05). At 0-5 cm depth, MT with no N had highest exchangeable Ca, but it had the lowest (p<0.05) if combined with higher N rate. Microbial biomass C throughoutÂ Â the growing season for NT was consistently highest and it was 14.4% higher (p<0.05) than IT. Compared to IT, Ap horizon of CT after 24 years of cropping was deeper, with larger soil structure and more abundance macro pores. Soybean and corn yields for long-term CT were 64.3% and 31.8% higher (p<0.05) than IT, respectively. Corn yield for long-term N with rate of 100 kg N ha-1 was 36.4% higher (p<0.05) than with no N.Keywords: Conservation tillage, crop yields, N fertilization, soil properties[How to Cite: Utomo M, IS Banuwa, H Buchari, Y AnggrainiÂ andÂ Berthiria. 2013.Long-term Tillage and Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Soil Properties and Crop Yields. J Trop Soils 18 (2): 131-139. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.131][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.131]Â REFERENCESAl-Kaisi and X Yin. 2005. Tillage and crop residue effects on soil carbon dioxide emission in corn-Â Â soybean rotation. J Environ Qual 34: 437-445. Pub Med. Barak P, BO Jobe, AR Krueger, LA Peterson and DA Laird. 1997. Effects of long-term soilacidification due to nitrogen inputs in Wisconsin. Plant Soil 197: 61-69.Blake GR and KHÂ Hartge. 1986.Â Bulk density. In: A Klute (ed). Methods of Soil Analysis. ASA and SSSA.Â Madison, Wisconsin, USA, pp. 363-375.Blanco-Canqui H and R Lal. 2008. No-till and soil-profile carbon sequestration: an on farm assessment. Soil Sci Soc Am JÂ 72: 693-701. Â Blanco-Canqui H, LR Â Stone and PWÂ Stahlman.Â 2010. Soil response to long-term cropping systems on an Argiustoll in the Central Great Plains. Soil Sci Soc Am J 74: 602-611.Blevins RL, MS Smith, GW Thomas and WW Frye. 1983. Influence of conservation tillage on soil properties.Â J Soil Water Conserv 38: 301-305.Blevins RL, GW Thomas and PL Cornelius. 1977 Influence of no-tillage and nitrogen Â fertilization on certain soil properties after 5 years of continuous corn. Agron J 69: 383-386.Blevins, RL and WF Frye, 1993. Conservation tillage: an ecological approach to soil management. Adv Agron 51: 34-77.Brady NC and RR Weil. 2008. The nature and properties of soils. Pearson Prentice Hall. Fourteenth Edition. New Jersey, 965 p.Brito-Vega, H, D Espinosa-Victoria, C Fragoso, D Mendoza, N De la Cruz Landaro and A Aldares-Chavez. 2009. Soil organic particle and presence of earthworm under different tillage systems. J Biol SciÂ 9: 180-183.Derpch, R 1998. Historical review of no-tilage cultivation of crops. JIRCAS Working Rep. JAPAN IntÂ Res Ctr for Agric Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan 13: 1-18.Â Diaz-Zorita, M., JH Grove, L Murdock, J Herbeck and E Perfect. 2004. Soil structural disturbance effects on crop yields and soil properties in a no-till production system. Agron J 96: 1651-1659.Dickey EC, PJ Jasa and RD Grisso. 1994. Long-term tillage effect on grain yield and soil properties in a soybean/grain sorghum Rotation. J Prod Agric 7: 465 - 470.Edwards WM, LD, Norton, CE, Redmond. 1988. Characterizing macro pores that affect infiltration into non tilled soil. Soil SciÂ SocÂ AmÂ J 52: 483-487.Fernandez RO, PG Fernandez, JVG Cervera andÂ FP Torres. 2007 Soil properties and crop yields after 21 years of direct drilling trials in southern Spain. Soil Till Res 94: 47-54.Fengyun Z, W Pute, Z Xining and C Xuefeng. 2011. The effects of no-tillage practice on soil physical properties. Afr J Biotech 10: 17645-17650. Havlin, JL, JD Beaton, SM Tisdale and WL Nelson. 2005. Soil Fertility and Fertilizer: an Introduction toÂ Nutrient Management. Pearson Prantice Hall. Sevent Edition. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, 515 p.Karlen DL, NC Wollenhaupt, DC Erbach,Â EC Berry, JB Swan, NS Eash and JL Jordahl. 1994. CropÂ residue effects on soil quality following 10-years of no-till corn. Soil Till Res 31: 149-167.KumarÂ A and DS Yadav. 2005. Effect of zero and minimum tillage in conjunction with nitrogenÂ management in wheat (Triticum aestivum ) after rice (Oryza sativa.). Indian J Agron 50 (1): 54-57.Lal R. 1989. Conservation tillage for sustainable agriculture: tropics versus temperÂate environment. Adv Agron 42: 85-197.Lal R. 1997. Residue management, conservation tillage and soil restoration for mitigating greenhouse effect by CO2 enrichment. Soil Till Res 43: 81-107.Lal R. 2007.Â Soil science in a changing climate. CSA New 52: 1-9.Mallory J J, RHÂ Mohtar, GC Heathman, DG Schulze and E Braudeau. 2011. Evaluating the effect of tillage on soil structural properties using the pedostructure concept. Geoderma 163: 141-149. doi:10.1016/ j.geoderma. 2011.01.018. 9p.Paustian K,Â HP Collins and EA Paul. 1997. Management control on soil carbon. In: EA Paul, ET Elliot, K Paustian and CV ColeÂ (eds). Soil Organic Matter in Temperate Agro-ecosystems: Long-term Experiment in North America. CRC Press, pp. 15-50.Rasmussen, KJ. 1999. Impact of ploughless soil tillage on yield and soil quality: A Scandinavian review. Soil Till Res 53: 3-14.Quintero M. 2009. Effects of conservation tillage in soil carbon sequestration and net revenues ofÂ potato-based rotations in the Colombian Andes. [Thesis], University of Florida, USA. SAS [Statistical Analysis System] Institute. 2003. The SAS system for windows. Release 9.1. SASInst Inc, Cary, NC.Singh A and J Kaur. 2012. Impact of conservation tillage on soil properties in rice-wheat cropping system. Agric Sci Res J 2: 30-41.Six, J, SD Frey, RK Thiet and KM Batten. 2006. Bacterial and fungal contributions to carbon sequestration in agroecosystems. Soil Sci Soc Am J 70: 555-569.Smith JL and HP Collins. 2007. Management of organisms and their processes in soils. In: EA Paul (ed). Soil Microbiology, Ecology and Biochemistry. Third Edition. Academic Press, Burlington, USA, 532 p.Stockfisch N, TÂ Forstreuter, W Ehlers. 1999. Ploughing effects on soil organic matter after twenty years of conservation tillage in Lower Saxony, Germany. Soil Till Res 52: 91-101.Tarkalson, DD, GW Hergertb and KG Cassmanc. 2006. Long-term effects of tillage on soil chemical properties and grain yields of a dryland winter wheat-sorghum/corn-fallowÂ rotation in the great plains. Agron J 26: 26-33.Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Thomas GA, RC Dalal, J Standley. 2007. No-till effect on organic matter, pH, cation exchangeÂ capacity and nutrient distribution in a Luvisol in the semi-arid subtropics. Soil Till Res 94: 295-304.Utomo M, H Suprapto and Sunyoto. 1989. Influence of tillage and nitrogen fertilization on soilÂ nitrogen, decomposition of alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica) and corn production of alang-alang land.Â In: J van der Heide (ed.). Nutrient management for food crop production inÂ tropicalÂ farming systems. Institute for Soil Fertility (IB), pp. 367-373.Utomo M. 2004. Olah tanah konservasi untuk budidaya jagung berkelanjutan. Prosiding Seminar Nasional IX Budidaya Pertanian Olah Tanah Konservasi. Gorontalo, 6-7 Oktober, 2004, pp. 18-35Â (in Indonesian).Utomo M,Â A Niswati, Dermiyati, M R Wati, AF Raguan and S Syarif. 2010. Earthworm and soil carbon sequestration after twenty one years of continuous no-tillage corn-legume rotation in Indonesia. JIFSÂ 7: 51-58.Utomo M, H Buchari, IS Banuwa, LK Fernando and R Saleh. 2012. Carbon storage and carbon dioxide emission as influenced by long-term conservation tillage and nitrogen fertilization in corn-soybean rotation. J Trop Soil 17: 75-84.Wang W,Â RC Dalal and PW Moody. 2001. Evaluation of the microwave irradiation method for measuring soil microbial biomass. Soil SciÂ Soc Am J 65: 1696-1703.Wright AL and FM Hons.Â 2004. Soil aggregation and carbon and nitrogen storage under soybean cropping sequences. Soil Sci Soc Am J 68: 507-513. Zibilske LM, JM Bradford and JR Smart. 2002. Conservation tillage induced change in organic carbon, total nitrogen and available phosphorus in a semi-arid alkaline subtropical soil. 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Carbon Stock in Integrated Field Laboratory Faculty of Agriculture University of Lampung Banuwa, Irwan Sukri; Mutiasari, Tika; Buchori, Henrie; Utomo, Muhajir
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 21 No. 2: May 2016
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2016.v21i2.91-97

This study aimed to determine the amount of carbon stock and CO2 plant uptake in the Integrated Field Laboratory (IFL) Faculty of Agriculture University of Lampung. The research was conducted from April to November 2015. The study was arranged in a completely randomized block design (CRBD), consisting of five land units as treatment with four replications for each treatment. Biomass of woody plants was estimated using allometric equation, biomass of understorey plants was estimated using plant dry weight equation, and organic C content in plants and soils were analyzed using a Walkey and Black method. The results showed that land unit consisting of densely woody plants significantly affects total biomass of woody plants, organic C content in woody plants and total carbon content (above and below ground). The highest amount of woody plant biomass was observed in land unit 5, i.e. 1,196.88 Mg ha-1, and above ground total carbon was 437.19 Mg ha-1. IFL Faculty of Agriculture University of Lampung has a total carbon stock of 2,051.90 Mg and capacity to take up total CO2 of 6,656.88 Mg.

Carbon Storage and Carbon Dioxide Emission as Influenced by Long-term Conservation Tillage and Nitrogen Fertilization in Corn-Soybean Rotation Utomo, Muhajir; Buchari, Henrie; Banuwa, Irwan Sukri; Fernando, Lanang Koko; Saleh, Rahmat
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 17 No. 1: Januari 2012
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2012.v17i1.75-84

Although agriculture is a victim of environmental risk due to global warming, but ironically it also contributes to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. The objective of this experiment was to determine the influence of long-term conservation tillage and N fertilization on soil carbon storage and CO2 emission in corn-soybean rotation system. A factorial experiment was arranged in a randomized completely block design with four replications. The first factor was tillage systems namely intensive tillage (IT), minimum tillage (MT) and no-tillage (NT). While the second factor was N fertilization with rate of 0, 100 and 200 kg N ha-1 applied for corn, and 0, 25, and 50 kg N ha-1 for soybean production. Samples of soil organic carbon (SOC) after 23 year of cropping were taken at depths of 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm and 10-20 cm, while CO2 emission measurements were taken in corn season (2009) and soybean season (2010). Analysis of variance and means test (HSD 0.05) were analyzed using the Statistical Analysis System package. At 0-5 cm depth, SOC under NT combined with 200 kg N ha-1 fertilization was 46.1% higher than that of NT with no N fertilization, while at depth of 5-10 cm SOC under MT was 26.2% higher than NT and 13.9% higher than IT.Â Throughout the corn and soybean seasons, CO2-C emissions from IT were higher than those of MT and NT, while CO2-C emissions from 200 kg N ha-1 rate were higher than those of 0 kg N ha-1 and 100 kg N ha-1 rates.Â With any N rate treatments, MT and NT could reduce CO2-C emission to 65.2 %-67.6% and to 75.4%-87.6% as much of IT, respectively. While in soybean season, MT and NT could reduce CO2-C emission to 17.6%-46.7% and 42.0%-74.3% as much of IT, respectively.Â Prior to generative soybean growth,Â Â N fertilization with rate of 50 kg N ha-1 could reduce CO2-C emission to 32.2%-37.2% as much of 0 and 25 kg N ha-1 rates.

Effect of long-term Tillage and Nitrogen Fertilization Residue on Soil Biochemical Properties and Cowpea Yield Afriliyanti, Rizki; Yusnaini, Sri; Karyanto, Agus; Hapsoro, Dwi; Niswati, Ainin; Utomo, Muhajir
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 26 No. 3: September 2021
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2021.v26i3.141-147

Sustainable soil management practices must enhance or maintain soil quality and crop yields. The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of long-term (32 years) tillage system and nitrogen fertilization residue on soil biochemical properties and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) yields. This research was conducted using four replications, a factorial experiment arranged in a randomized block design. The first factor was tillage systems consisting of intensive tillage (T1) and no-tillage (T2) and the second factor was nitrogen fertilization residue (N) consisting of N1 (0 kg N ha-1) and N2 (200 kg N ha-1). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance; if there was a significant difference will be continued with the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at 5%. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) determined the relationship among observed variables. The results showed that no-tillage could give better results on soil respiration and soil bacteria and fungi population than intensive tillage. Lower soil pH was found at 200 kg N ha-1 fertilizer residue than control (without N fertilizer). The cowpea growth and yields were high at long-term N1T2 and N2T1 treatment. Principal component analysis showed an interrelationship among soil biochemical properties, growth, and yield of cowpea.

Soil Chemical Properties and Agronomic Response of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) Affected by Long Term No-Tillage Practice and Bagasse Mulch Application Zaqyah, Irene; Niswati, Ainin; Evizal, Rusdi; Utomo, Muhajir
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 27 No. 2: May 2022
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2022.v27i2.67-77

Intensive tillage will continuously reduce soil quality, characterized by decreased soil organic-C. Low soil organic-C indicates the disturbance of soil fertility. More conservative soil management experiments have been done for seven years to restore the soil quality for sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) productivity. This research aimed to study the effect of the tillage system, bagasse mulch, and their interactions on soil chemical properties and sugarcane agronomic response. The research was conducted on a Split Plot of five groups. The main plot was the tillage system consisting of intensive tillage and no-tillage, while the subplot was the bagasse mulch consisting of bagasse mulch and no-bagasse mulch. This study found that in sugarcane cultivation, no-tillage system was beneficial for soil P-available, sugarcane length, and sugarcane ripening; bagasse mulch was beneficial for soil organic-C and also soil P-available. The no-tillage system to increase P-available can be combined with bagasse mulch or no-bagasse mulch, but the no-tillage system combined with no-bagasse mulch increases the percentage of gap in sugarcane cultivation.

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