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Effectiveness of Zingiber officinale to reduce inflammation markers and the length of stay of patients with community-acquired pneumonia: An open-label clinical trial Reviono, Reviono; Hapsari, Brigitta DA.; Sutanto, Yusup S.; Adhiputri, Artrien; Harsini, Harsini; Suryawati, Betty; Marwoto, Marwoto; Syaikhu, Akhmad
Narra J Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v3i1.142

Abstract

Examination of the interleukin 6 (IL-6) and procalcitonin levels, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) might could help to diagnosis and predict the duration of therapy and prognosis of pneumonia cases. Zingiber officinale var rubrum could be used as an adjunct therapy in infectious diseases as it has anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of study was to assess the effect of Z. officinale on levels of IL-6 dan procalcitonin, NLR, and the length of hospitalization of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). An open-label clinical trial was conducted among CAP cases regardless of the etiology at Dr Moewardi Hospital and Universitas Sebelas Maret Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia from July to September 2022. A total of 30 inpatient CAP cases were recruited and were randomly divided into two groups: (1) received Z. officinale capsule 300 mg daily for five days in addition to CAP standard therapy; and (2) received CAP standard therapy only, as control group. The data were compared using a paired Student t-test, Chi-squared test, Mann-Whitney test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test as appropriate. In Z. officinale group, the mean difference between post- and pre-treatment as follow: IL-6 level was 9.93 pg/mL, procalcitonin level -471.31 ng/mL, and NLR value -4.01. In control group, the difference was 18.94 pg/mL for IL-6, 339.39 ng/mL for procalcitonin, and 1.56 for NLR. The change of IL-6 was not statistically significant between treatment and control groups with p=0.917. The changes of procalcitonin level and NLR were significant between treatment and control group with p=0.024 and p=0.007, respectively, of which the treatment had better improvement. In addition, our data indicated that the length of stay was not statistically significant between the treatment and control groups (4.13 vs 4.47 days, p=0.361). In conclusion, Z. officinale could reduce serum inflammatory markers such as procalcitonin and NLR but it has little impact in reducing IL-16 level and the length of hospitalization of CAP patients.
The Agreement of Immunoglobulin Gamma Release Assay (IGRA)/ T-SPOT Tuberculosis and Tuberculin Skin Test to Detect Latent TB Infection in Diabetes Mellitus Patients Reviono, Reviono; Sutanto, Yusup Subagio; Harsini, Harsini; Saptawati, Leli; Marwoto, Marwoto; Suryawati, Betty; Redhono, Dhani; Sebayang, Pribadi M
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 6 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (33.167 KB) | DOI: 10.26911/theijmed.2021.6.3.422

Abstract

Background: WHO identifies diabetes mellitus (DM) as a neglected risk factor for tuberculosis (TB). Currently, there is no gold standard test for latent TB infection (LTBI). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends using Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) and Immunoglobulin Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) to diagnose LTBI. TST is an LTBI classic diagnostic tool that has low sensitivity and specificity. But it is still preferred in diagnosing LTBI due to its lower price, and more health facilities can perform the examination compared to IGRA (T-SPOT.TB). The study aimed to measure the agreement of TST and T-SPOT.TB testing in detecting LBTI in DM and the correlation of HbA1c with TST and T-SPOT.TB.Subjects and Method: Subjects were DM patients who underwent TST and T-SPOT.TB testing. If the results of TST and T-SPOT.TB was positive, the test would be continued with Xpert MTB/RIF microbiological testing. TST used PPD RT23 2TU. T-SPOT.TB was performed toward peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The degree of agreement between TST and T-SPOT.TB testing was calculated using the Test of Agreement (Kappa Cohen). The degree of correlation between the two variables was calculated by using Pearson correlation.Results: The selected 30 study subjects with DM undergoing antidiabetic therapy showed 6 (20%) detected LTBI and 24 (80%) without LTBI using TST and T-SPOT.TB test. There was a substantial agreement level between TST and T-SPOT.TB testing in detecting LTBI among diabetes mellitus patients undergoing anti-diabetic therapy with kappa value= 0.62 (p<0.001). HbA1c increased T-SPOT (r= 0.07; p= 0.716) and TST (r= 0.11; p= 0.956).Conclusion: TST testing may substitute T-SPOT.TB to detect LTBI among diabetes patients undergoing antidiabetic therapy.Keywords: latent tuberculosis infection, diabetes mellitus, TST, Immunoglobulin Gamma Release Assay (IGRA), T-SPOT.TBCorrespondence: Reviono. Department of Pulmonology and Medical Respiratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret/ Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia. Email: reviono@staff.uns.ac.id.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2021), 06(03): 298-306https://doi.­org/10.26911­/theijmed.2021.06.03.07
Antibacterial and Antibiofilm of Cinnamomum burmanii Bark Oil (CbBO) against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603: In Vitro Study Inayati, Inayati; Hartono, Hartono; Indarto, Dono; Suryawati, Betty
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 30, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.97396

Abstract

Many cases of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections are caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae (K.pn), an infectious disease bacterium. Hospital inpatients can be exposed to this occurrence; MDR has transformed 26.96% of infections at Klaten Hospital into highly infectious biofilms, while 54.49% of infections have produced biofilms. Approximately 80% of bacterial illnesses resistant to antibiotics are caused by biofilm-forming bacteria. To reduce biofilm formation, antibacterial compounds, one of which comes from natural products, are necessary. Renowned for its essential oil, Cinnamomum burmanii Bark Oil (CbBO) has been utilized extensively in herbal medicine to combat pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, Enterobacter spp., and Staphylococcus aureus. This study aims to evaluate CbBO’s antibacterial capabilities using the microdilution method and its antibiofilm properties against K. pneumoniae ATCC 700603 using the MTT test. A CbBO minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 0.25 mg/mL and a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.125 mg/mL were employed for antibacterial activity. The antibiofilm potential was determined by measuring the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) at 0.5 mg/mL and the minimum biofilm inhibition concentration (MBIC) at 0.25 mg/mL. In conclusion, CbBO demonstrated antimicrobial and antibiofilm qualities. However,                   a greater concentration of CbBO was required for antibiofilm formation than for antibacterial purposes.
Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Perilaku Responden di Fakultas Kedokteran UNS Terhadap Penyakit Hepatitis Yudhani, Ratih Dewi; Sari, Yulia; Suryawati, Betty; Pakha, Dyonisa Nasirochmi
Smart Society Empowerment Journal Vol 5, No 2 (2025): Juli
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/ssej.v5i2.103503

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Indonesia merupakan daerah endemis menengah hingga tinggi untuk hepatitis B, dimana  prevalensi mencapai 7,1%. Sementara prevalensi hepatitis C diperkirakan sekitar 1%, namun pada kelompok populasi berisiko seperti pengguna narkoba suntik, pasien hemodialisis, dan narapidana angkanya dapat lebih tinggi.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik deskriptif mendapatkan gambaran awal pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku mahasiswa, pegawai administratif dan pegawai cleaning service di FK UNS terkait penyakit hepatitis. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan reponden 29 orang yang telah memenuhi keriteria inklusi, eksklusi dan telah menandatangani informed consent. Instrumen yang digunakan kuesioner pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku terkait penyakit hepatitis.Hasil dan pembahasan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah responden berjenis kelamin laki-laki sebesar 55,17% dengan tingkat pendidikan terakhir adalah SMA sebesar 68,97% dan sudah pernah mendapatkan informasi terkait penyakit hepatitis. Tingkat pengetahuan responden terhadap penyakit hepatitis sebesar 79,31% memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang baik. Hasil penilaian sikap responden terhadap penyakit hepatitis menunjukkan 89,66% telah memiliki sikap yang baik. Sikap baik tersebut meliputi percaya bahwa hepatitis merupakan penyakit yang serius, merasa perlu mengetahui lebih banyak tentang hepatitis, kesediaan untuk vaksinasi hepatitis B jika tersedia, merasa penting untuk mendorong keluarganya melakukan pemeriksaan hepatitis, dan merasa khawatir jika teman atau keluarga menderita hepatitis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan meskipun sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap yang baik, namun 72,41% responden berperilaku terhadap pencegahan penularan hepatitis masih tergolong kurang baik.Kesimpulan: Tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap yang baik terkait penyakit hepatitis, namun perilaku terhadap pencegahan penularan hepatitis masih tergolong kurang baik. Meskipun masih merupakan gambaran awal dengan responden terbatas, namun dapat mengindikasikan pentingnya intervensi multifaktorial dalam pengendalian hepatitis.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan mengenai Upaya Berhenti Merokok pada Kader dan Tenaga Kesehatan Anindita Hapsari, Brigitta Devi; Adhiputri, Artrien; Suryawati, Betty; Reviono, Reviono; Sutanto, Yusup Subagio; Harsini, Harsini; Marwoto, Marwoto
Smart Society Empowerment Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2023): November
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/ssej.v3i3.79224

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Perokok adalah seseorang yang menghisap rokok ≥ 100 batang selama hidupnya dan saat ini masih merokok atau sudah berhenti merokok kurang dari 1 tahun. Asap rokok memiliki efek negatif terhadap kesehatan karena mengandung lebih dari 4.000 senyawa kimia, 400 zat berbahaya, dan 43 zat karsinogenik. Rokok mengandung nikotin yang bersifat adiksi menyebabkan ketergantungan sehingga diperlukan upaya lebih lanjut agar dapat berhenti merokok. Upaya berhenti merokok berlangsung baik apabila didukung kemampuan tenaga kesahatan yang memadai. Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan kemampuan tenaga kesehatan dalam program berhenti merokok serta meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai bahaya rokok.Metode: Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bekerjasama dengan Puskesmas Purwodiningratan Kota Surakarta. Metode yang digunakan adalah memberikan penyuluhan kepada kader juga kepada tenaga kesehatan di wilayah Puskesmas tersebut tentang upaya berhenti merokok. Evaluasi kegiatan dilakukan penilaian pre dan post test yang bertujuan mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan kader dan tenaga kesehatan mengenai upaya berhenti merokok.Hasil dan Pembahasan: Jumlah peserta kegiatan adalah sebanyak 26 kader dan 16 tenaga kesehatan. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa kader dan tenaga kesehatan sudah mempunyai pengetahuan yang cukup tentang upaya berhenti merokok, tetapi dalam beberapa hal masih perlu ditingkatkan, terutama mengenai metode dan pendampingan perokok dalam melakukan upaya berhenti merokok. Didapatkan peningkatan nilai post-test menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan dari kader dan tenaga kesehatan setelah diberikan paparan tentang materi tersebut. Peningkatan tingkat pemahaman kader kesehatan sebesar 22% dan tenaga kesehatan sebesar 53%.Kesimpulan: Terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan tentang upaya berhenti merokok pada kader dan tenaga kesehatan Puskesmas Purwodiningratan.