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Universitas Fajar
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Karakterisasi Senyawa Bioaktif Dari Kulit Buah Naga (Hylocereus spp). Untuk Aplikasi Masker Rambut Nurhalizah Tolla Ts, Siti; Sinardi, Sinardi
Journal of Research and Education Chemistry Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : UIR Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25299/jrec.2025.vol7(2).23084

Abstract

Hair damage is not a trivial problem, because hair health is an important issue for women because it can reduce self-confidence in appearance. The purpose of this study was to determine the composition comparison of dragon fruit skin extract and to determine the feasibility of a hair mask from dragon fruit skin extract to maintain healthy hair and maintain the scalp. The process of making the mask begins by preparing dried dragon fruit skin and extracting it using 70% ethanol as much as 750 mL. The extract results are mixed with the addition of distilled water in various ratios, namely with a volume ratio between dragon fruit skin extract and distilled water of 1: 1, 2: 1, 3: 1, and 4: 1 where 15 mL of dragon fruit skin extract and 15 mL of distilled water, 20 mL of dragon fruit skin extract and 10 mL of distilled water, 22.5 mL of dragon fruit skin extract and 7.5 mL of distilled water, and 24 mL of dragon fruit skin extract and 6 mL of distilled water. Based on the results of the research conducted, dragon fruit skin extract can be formulated as a hair mask preparation, is a homogeneous and stable preparation with an oil-in-water (M/A) emulsion type, has a pH of 6.0, has a viscosity of 2,655 - 4,507 mPa.s, through Cycling Test for 3 cycles there is no change in shape, color and odor so that it is stable for up to 6 days at room temperature, does not cause irritation to hair or scalp, and is suitable for use in the community.
Analisis Fouling Resin dan Efektivitas Regenerasi Kimia pada Unit Mixed Bed Demin Plant Muhammad Genta Zuan Nur Illyasa; Sinardi
Journal of Research and Education Chemistry Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): April
Publisher : UIR Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25299/jrec.2026.vol8(1).27779

Abstract

Analysis of Resin Fouling and Chemical Regeneration Effectiveness in Mixed Bed Demineralization Units. Water requirements for various activities, such as Steam Power Plants, require water quality in the form of mineral-free water (demineralized water) obtained through a demineralization process using a mixed bed. Along with frequent use, the resin will reach saturation due to the accumulation of contaminants (fouling) bound by the resin, which leads to a decrease in water quality. This research aims to identify the type of fouling in resin based on water quality and visual observation of the resin, as well as to analyze the effectiveness of chemical regeneration. The research methods used were water quality analysis and visual observation of the resin. Furthermore, the chemical regeneration process used an acid-base method (HCl and NaOH). The results showed that the water quality had average values for silica, total hardness, and conductivity of 16.71 ppb, 0 ppb, and 0.159 µS/cm, respectively, with a removal efficiency of 98.32%, 100%, and 96.79%. However, the final test showed silica values exceeding the standard of < 20 ppb. This indicates silica leakage in the outlet water. Furthermore, the color change from white to pink indicates fouling in the anion resin. The chemical regeneration results showed an effectiveness percentage of 67.43% for silica values and 35.22% for conductivity, bringing the water quality back into compliance with the standards. It can be concluded that the chemical regeneration process with NaOH and HCl is able to restore the resin's ability to improve water quality.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Kabba dengan Teknologi Penjernihan Air Kitosan Berbasis Limbah Kerang Hijau untuk Keberlanjutan Wisata Geopark Sinardi Sinardi; Faris Jumawan; Yanti Yanti
BUDIMAS : JURNAL PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): BUDIMAS : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat
Publisher : LPPM ITB AAS Indonesia Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29040/budimas.v8i1.19058

Abstract

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan masyarakat Desa Kabba, Kabupaten Pangkajene dan Kepulauan (Pangkep) dalam menerapkan teknologi penjernihan air sederhana berbasis kitosan dari limbah cangkang kerang hijau (Perna viridis). Latar belakang kegiatan ini adalah tingginya konduktivitas dan kadar padatan terlarut (TDS) pada sumber air pegunungan karst yang dimanfaatkan warga, sehingga tidak memenuhi baku mutu air bersih sesuai Permenkes No. 2 Tahun 2023. Metode pelaksanaan dilakukan melalui lima tahapan, yaitu: (1) persiapan dan pemetaan lokasi, (2) sosialisasi pentingnya air bersih, (3) pelatihan pembuatan kitosan sederhana, (4) penerapan sistem kolam penjernihan berkapasitas 20 m³ dengan media filtrasi pasir, arang aktif, dan serpihan kerang, serta (5) evaluasi teknis dan sosial. Sebanyak 55 kepala keluarga dan 35 kader masyarakat terlibat aktif dalam kegiatan ini bersama 21 mahasiswa dan 3 dosen pembimbing Universitas Fajar. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan penurunan TDS sebesar 85% (2832 menjadi 420 ppm), konduktivitas 85% (5656 menjadi 840 µS/cm), dan kekeruhan 90% (8,5 menjadi 2,1 NTU). Selain menghasilkan air bersih layak konsumsi, program ini juga meningkatkan kesadaran perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS), membentuk Unit Pengelola Air Bersih Desa (UPABD), dan membuka peluang usaha mikro berbasis produksi kitosan. Kegiatan ini memperlihatkan bahwa kolaborasi antara perguruan tinggi, mahasiswa, dan masyarakat desa mampu menghadirkan solusi teknologi ramah lingkungan untuk mendukung keberlanjutan wisata geopark berbasis air bersih.
Utilization Of Kepok Banana Peel (Musa Paradisiaca) As An Adsorbent To Reduce Levels Of Plus Metal In Paint And Body Repair Industrial Waste Jesica Amelia Kischa Parante; Sinardi Sinardi
International Journal of Health Engineering and Technology Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): IJHET MAY 2026
Publisher : CV. AFDIFAL MAJU BERKAH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55227/ijhet.v4i6.679

Abstract

The increasing activity of paint and body repair workshops has contributed to the increasing volume of liquid waste containing heavy metals, especially lead (Pb), which is toxic and has the potential to pollute aquatic environments. Long-term exposure to Pb can have negative impacts on human health and ecosystem balance, so that effective, economical, and environmentally friendly waste treatment efforts are needed. One alternative that can be applied is the use of natural materials as adsorbents, such as kepok banana peels (Musa paradisiaca), which contain cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin with active functional groups that have the potential to bind heavy metal ions. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in contact time on the adsorption efficiency of Pb metal and evaluate the ability of kepok banana peels as a natural adsorbent in reducing Pb levels in paint and body repair workshop wastewater. The research method used is an adsorption process with contact time variations of 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes. The parameters observed include the initial concentration of Pb (C₀), the final concentration of Pb (Ct), the amount of Pb absorbed, and the removal efficiency. The results showed that increasing the contact time significantly affected the effectiveness of the adsorption process. The Pb removal efficiency increased gradually from 0.00% at 0 minutes to 47.69% at 90 minutes of contact time, which is the optimum condition for adsorption. At that time, the Pb concentration decreased from 0.65 mg/L to 0.34 mg/L, with the amount of Pb adsorbed reaching 0.31 mg/L. However, after passing the optimum contact time, the adsorption efficiency decreased at 120 and 150 minutes, which was thought to be caused by adsorbent saturation and the possibility of a desorption process. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that kepok banana peel has quite good potential as a natural adsorbent in reducing Pb metal levels from paint and body repair workshop industrial waste. The utilization of this organic waste is not only effective in the waste treatment process, but also supports the concept of sustainable environmental management through the application of simple, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly technology.
Analysis of the Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) for Reducing Exhaust Gas Emissions from Nickel Smelter Processing in the Rotary Kiln Electric Furnace (RKEF) System Rian Adrianto; Sinardi Sinardi
International Journal of Health Engineering and Technology Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): IJHET MAY 2026
Publisher : CV. AFDIFAL MAJU BERKAH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55227/ijhet.v5i1.722

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the performance of the Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) in reducing particulate concentration and exhaust gas emissions in the nickel processing process using the Rotary Kiln Electric Furnace (RKEF) system. The main variable observed was the variation of ESP electrode voltage at 20 kV, 30 kV, 40 kV, 50 kV, and 60 kV. The parameters measured included particulate concentrations before and after the ESP unit, as well as exhaust gas components consisting of sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), and carbon monoxide (CO). The results show that an increase in ESP voltage has a significant effect on improving particle collection efficiency. The highest efficiency was achieved at a voltage of 50 kV, reaching 94.94%, with particulate concentration decreasing from 158 mg/Nm³ to 8 mg/Nm³. However, at 60 kV the efficiency slightly decreased to 92.36% due to electrical field instability (spark discharge). In addition, exhaust gas concentrations also declined with increasing voltage, with the lowest values recorded at 50 kV: SO₂ at 405 mg/Nm³, NOₓ at 250 mg/Nm³, and CO at 100 mg/Nm³. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) operates most optimally at a voltage of 50 kV, under operating conditions of approximately 135 °C gas temperature, 8–9% humidity, and dust resistivity ranging from 10¹⁰ to 10¹¹ Ω·cm. The ESP system has proven effective in reducing particulate emissions and maintaining exhaust gas concentrations below the emission quality standards stipulated in Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of Indonesia No. P.15/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/4/2019.
Linking Degree of Deacetylation to Coagulation Efficiency of Crustacean Waste Chitosan in Water Treatment Sinardi Sinardi; Ismail Marzuki; Asriadi Asriadi; Andi Sry Iryani; Faisal Riza Basalamah; Andi Irsyam Mansyur; Hardimas Prayudi
Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan Vol 23, No 2 (2026): July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v23i2.533-542

Abstract

Turbidity removal remains challenging because stable colloids resist sedimentation, motivating the use of biodegradable coagulants such as chitosan derived from crustacean waste. However, an integrated quantitative linkage between the degree of deacetylation (DD), zeta potential evolution, and dose-dependent turbidity removal across pH is still limited for shell waste-derived chitosan. This study aimed to relate DD to the zeta potential behavior and coagulation efficiency of chitosan derived from green mussel, crab, and shrimp shells at pH 5, 7, and 9. At pH 7, shrimp-shell chitosan (DD 89.05%) achieved 98.38% turbidity removal at 190 mg/L, crab-shell chitosan (DD 87.64%) achieved 96.72% at 320 mg/L, and green mussel chitosan (DD 77.80%) achieved 95.08% at 300 mg/L [mean±SD, n=3].  The zeta potential shifted from −0.81 mV (untreated synthetic water) to +1.43 to +2.80 mV after dosing, indicating dominant charge neutralization with partial overcompensation. Overall, DD provides a practical screening descriptor for selecting locally sourced chitosan and optimizing the dose for sustainable turbidity control. Valorizing shell waste into effective coagulants may reduce the reliance on inorganic coagulants and support environmentally responsible water treatment practices. This study established an integrated DD zeta potential dose relationship across pH to explain and compare the coagulation performance of locally sourced shell-waste chitosan for turbidity removal. 
Penentuan Dosis Koagulan Terbaik pada Proses Koagulasi Water Treatment Plant Industri AMDK Menggunakan Pendekatan Six Sigma Rahmadhany Fitri; Sinardi
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 11 No. 3 (2026): Juli 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi dosis koagulan alum dan poly aluminium chloride (PAC) terhadap efektivitas proses koagulasi pada water treatment plant (WTP) industri air minum dalam kemasan (AMDK) serta mengevaluasi kapabilitas proses menggunakan pendekatan Six Sigma. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode jar test dengan variasi dosis koagulan 10 mg/L, 20 mg/L, dan 30 mg/L. Parameter kualitas air yang dianalisis meliputi pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, Fe, dan Mn. Data hasil pengujian dianalisis secara deskriptif, uji statistik, serta pendekatan Six Sigma melalui tahapan DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) menggunakan parameter DPMO, sigma level, Cp, dan Cpk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan dosis koagulan berpengaruh terhadap penurunan turbidity, Fe, dan Mn. Koagulan PAC dosis 30 mg/L memberikan hasil terbaik dengan nilai turbidity sebesar 0,18 NTU, Fe sebesar 0,015 mg/L, dan Mn sebesar 0,009 mg/L. PAC juga menghasilkan kestabilan pH yang lebih baik dibandingkan alum karena memiliki polimer aluminium terhidrolisis yang mampu mempercepat proses charge neutralization dan membentuk flok yang lebih padat. Berdasarkan analisis Six Sigma, kondisi proses setelah optimasi menunjukkan peningkatan kapabilitas proses dengan penurunan nilai DPMO dari 600.000 menjadi 0 serta peningkatan nilai Cpk turbidity menjadi 2,53 dan Fe menjadi 1,05. Dengan demikian, penggunaan PAC dosis 30 mg/L dinilai paling optimal dan mampu meningkatkan stabilitas kualitas air pada proses pengolahan air industri AMDK.
Co-Authors A. Sry Iryani Aisyah, Widya Andi Irsyam Mansyur Andi Sry Iryani Arif, Maulana Nur Asri, Riswan Asriadi Asriadi Faisal Riza Basalamah Faris Jumawan, Faris Gusty, Sri Hardimas Prayudi HT, ST. Ica HT, ST. Ica. Ismail Marzuki Jesica Amelia Kischa Parante Maulana Nur Arif Muhammad Bisyri Muhammad Chaerul Muhammad Genta Zuan Nur Illyasa Nurhalizah Tolla Ts, Siti POPPY INDRAYANI, POPPY Prayatni Soewondo Rahmadhany Fitri Rasmita, Riza Rian Adrianto Suwendi Suwendi syaiful, Adrian Syamsul Riyadi Yanti Yanti