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All Journal Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vegetalika Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
Ibrahim, Elisurya
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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Phytoplasma Associated with White-backed Planthopper on Rice Plants in Sidrap Regency, South Sulawesi Abbas, Saipul; Djaya, Ernawati; Najamuddin, Erwin; Sebayang, Amelia; Rahman, Ayyub Ar; Aminah, Aminah; Hasbi, Hasbi; Sipi, Surianto; Ridwan, Nur Fathurahman; Ismayanti, Rini; Ibrahim, Elisurya
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 28, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.84736

Abstract

South Sulawesi is one of the largest rice production centers in Indonesia. Several important diseases of rice plants, such as those caused by viruses and phytoplasmas, can be transmitted by insect vectors, especially leafhoppers and stem plant. Symptoms of diseases caused by viruses and phytoplasmas are quite diverse but visually similar and difficult to distinguish. This study aims to analyze the presence of phytoplasma associated with white-backed planthopper which are commonly found in rice plantations.  The research method used is by conducting surveys and explorations of insect samples in six villages in Sidrap District. White-back planthoppers found on rice plantations showing symptoms of yellowing and stunted leaves were sampled for further analysis, including total DNA isolation of insects, standard PCR amplification for insect and Nested-PCR for phytoplasma identification, gene sequencing for both amplicons, and nucleotide analysis using BLAST method and Mega X program. The PCR with CO1 primer successfully amplified a 700 bp amplicon from insects, whereas nested-PCR using fP1/rP7 primers followed by m23SR/R16F2n amplified phytoplasma supposedly around 1800 bp and 1250 bp of 16S RNA gene, respectively. The DNA sequencing analysis results indicate that the insect samples were identified as 83% Sogatella vibix species based on homology percentage analysis using BLAST and Mega X Program. As for the phytoplasma, it leans more towards the 16SrI group or Candidatus phytoplasma asteris (Aster yellows phytoplasma) with a homology percentage of 99%.
Deteriorasi Benih pada 25 Sumber Tetua Padi Tahan Tungro Firmansyah, Firmansyah; Ismayanti, Rini; Ibrahim, Elisurya; Muis, Asmary; Komalasari, Ema
Vegetalika Vol 13, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.85550

Abstract

Ketersediaan sumber benih sebagai tetua bahan persilangan padi tahan tungro perlu diperhatikan sebagai salah satu aspek dalam merakit varietas tahan tungro. Kondisi ruang penyimpanan yang tidak tepat dapat menyebabkan terjadinya deteriorasi selama masa penyimpanan benih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kemampuan simpan benih 25 varietas padi sumber tetua persilangan selama masa penyimpanan satu tahun. Penelitian ini disusun menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap diulang empat kali, Apabila berbeda nyata dilakukan Uji DMRT dan dilakukan pengelompokan menggunakan PCA Biplot. Pengukuran sampel mengikuti standar ISTA. Hasil menunjukkan sebanyak 16 varietas mengalami deteriorasi namun varietas Cigeulis, Towuti, Situpatenggang dan Inpari 40 memiliki potensi tumbuh maksimal terbaik dengan kadar air dibawah 13 % sesuai dengan standar ISTA selama masa penyimpanan satu tahun. Kelompok varietas dengan potensi tumbuh terbaik yaitu Varietas Cigeulis, Towoti, Situ Patenggang, Inpari 40, Tukad Petanu, Ciherang, Tukad Balian, Bondoyudo dan Mekongga. Adapun Varietas Cibogo, Mekongga dan Inpara 7 berkelompok memiliki Bobot 1000 biji yang tinggi. Potensi tumbuh maksimum sangat nyata dan berkorelasi positif dengan Bobot 1000 biji, namun menunjukkan kecenderungan pola hubungan yang negatif pada kadar air benih. Kadar air dan bobot 1000 biji memiliki korelasi lemah dengan pola hubungan negatif.
Characterization and Evaluation of Tungro Resistence of Local Rice from Mataram, Toraja, and South Kalimantan Ismayanti, Rini; Ibrahim, Elisurya; Komalasari, Ema; Sidik, Effi Alfiani
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 50 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (619.798 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v50i2.40255

Abstract

Varietas lokal dapat berpotensi memilki sifat tahan terhadap cekaman penyakit tungro, sehingga diharapkan mampu meningkatkan keragaan varietas padi yang dibudidayakan baik di lahan sawah maupun lahan rawa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakter morfologi dan ketahanan varietas lokal asal Mataram, Toraja, dan Kalimantan Selatan terhadap penyakit tungro. Karakterisasi dilakukan pada 15 varietas lokal dan 5 varietas pembanding, yaitu Ciherang, Utri Merah, TKM6, Situ Patenggang dan Inpari 30. Evaluasi menggunakan varietas tahan wereng hijau (T1-T4) dan tahan tungro (V1-V4). Setiap varietas diamati karakter morfologinya, lalu data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan aplikasi NTSYS 2.02 untuk memperoleh dendrogram. Kegiatan kedua yaitu evaluasi varietas lokal, masing-masing lima tanaman diinokulasikan wereng hijau. Indeks penyakit dihitung mengikuti panduan SES IRRI, dan keberadaan RTBV dikonfirmasi dengan PCR. Terdapat persamaan pada semua varietas pada karakter warna leher daun, bentuk lidah daun, dan tipe keluar malai yang sempurna. Varietas lokal yang memiliki kemiripan morfologi paling dekat dengan varietas yang disukai petani serta tahan terhadap penyakit tungro dan wereng hijau adalah Siam Kuning dan Karukut, sehingga dapat direkomendasikan tetua perakitan varietas baru tahan tungro. Kata kunci: karakter morfologi, padi tahan tungro, plasma nutfah, uji preferensi
Dynamics of weeds and main pests in different rice planting systems supplemented with biodecomposer Firmansyah , Firmansyah; Ibrahim, Elisurya; ismayanti, Rini; Rosida, Nur; Senoaji, Wasis
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 52 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v52i1.49513

Abstract

Biodecomposers are used as an alternative in pest and weed management by utilizing antagonistic microbes. This study aimed to identify the optimal treatment for suppressing weed growth and controlling the main rice pests, promoting environmentally friendly agricultural practices. Observations were made on three phases of rice growth on land that used biodecomposer and did not use biodecomposer. Weed sampling used a quadrant, which represents each treatment. All weeds were analyzed for density and summed dominance ratio. Pests were observed from the sweep net method. Pests were analyzed with the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’). Ten species of weeds are found; the most common and dominant was Cyperus difformis, while the least were Ipomoea aquatica and Ludwigia octovalvis. There were seven pest species; the most common was Nephothettix virescens, while the least was Valanga nigricornis. Using bio-decomposers combined with a two-row planting system was effective in suppressing the development of weeds and pests with a decreasing trend as the rice growing phase increases. Biodecomposers are environmentally friendly even though the process is slow, and have the potential to reduce weeds and pests.Keywords: biodecomposers, Jarwo 2:1, Tegel, trichoderma
Co-Authors Amelia Sebayang Aminah Aminah Djaya, Ernawati Ema Komalasari, Ema Firmansyah , Firmansyah Firmansyah Firmansyah Hasbi Ismayanti, Rini Muis, Asmary Najamuddin, Erwin Rahman, Ayyub Ar Ridwan, Nur Fathurahman Rosida, Nur Saipul Abbas Sidik, Effi Alfiani sipi, Surianto Wasis Senoaji, Wasis