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All Journal Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture
Djaya, Ernawati
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Phytoplasma Associated with White-backed Planthopper on Rice Plants in Sidrap Regency, South Sulawesi Abbas, Saipul; Djaya, Ernawati; Najamuddin, Erwin; Sebayang, Amelia; Rahman, Ayyub Ar; Aminah, Aminah; Hasbi, Hasbi; Sipi, Surianto; Ridwan, Nur Fathurahman; Ismayanti, Rini; Ibrahim, Elisurya
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 28, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.84736

Abstract

South Sulawesi is one of the largest rice production centers in Indonesia. Several important diseases of rice plants, such as those caused by viruses and phytoplasmas, can be transmitted by insect vectors, especially leafhoppers and stem plant. Symptoms of diseases caused by viruses and phytoplasmas are quite diverse but visually similar and difficult to distinguish. This study aims to analyze the presence of phytoplasma associated with white-backed planthopper which are commonly found in rice plantations.  The research method used is by conducting surveys and explorations of insect samples in six villages in Sidrap District. White-back planthoppers found on rice plantations showing symptoms of yellowing and stunted leaves were sampled for further analysis, including total DNA isolation of insects, standard PCR amplification for insect and Nested-PCR for phytoplasma identification, gene sequencing for both amplicons, and nucleotide analysis using BLAST method and Mega X program. The PCR with CO1 primer successfully amplified a 700 bp amplicon from insects, whereas nested-PCR using fP1/rP7 primers followed by m23SR/R16F2n amplified phytoplasma supposedly around 1800 bp and 1250 bp of 16S RNA gene, respectively. The DNA sequencing analysis results indicate that the insect samples were identified as 83% Sogatella vibix species based on homology percentage analysis using BLAST and Mega X Program. As for the phytoplasma, it leans more towards the 16SrI group or Candidatus phytoplasma asteris (Aster yellows phytoplasma) with a homology percentage of 99%.
Status and Recent Developments of Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii Causes the Wilt Disease in Maize in Indonesia: A Review Najamuddin, Erwin; Djaya, Ernawati; Djaenuddin, Nurasiah; Muis, Amran; Fauriah, Ria; Salim, Salim
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 38, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v38i1.60688

Abstract

Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii is a pathogen that causes Stewart wilt on maize. This disease is important in maize. Infection early in growth can cause yield losses of up to 100%. This review examines the history, recent developments, economic impacts and developments of detection technology of Stewart wilt diseases. This paper was created by reviewing several articles relevant to the purpose of the topic. The article's results revealed that the pathogen underwent many changes, including its name, taxonomy, physiological abilities, status as an important pathogen in many countries and the development of detection technology. Currently, P. stewartii subsp. stewartii belongs to the Erwiniaceae family and has physiological abilities that can be distinguished from bacteria of the same genus and species. This pathogen has been reported to spread to more than 82 countries, including Indonesia, with 18 host plants. Some areas have reported pathogens in Indonesia, but no vector has been written. The biggest economic threat caused by this disease is the industrial production of corn seeds which require strict phytosanitary requirements and are free from pathogens. To anticipate its spread, there are four methods of detection of pathogenic bacteria that are commonly used, but serological and molecular detection technologies are the main recommendations.
Co-Authors Amelia Sebayang Aminah Aminah Amran Muis Fauriah, Ria Hasbi Ibrahim, Elisurya Ismayanti, Rini Najamuddin, Erwin Nurasiah Djaenuddin, Nurasiah Rahman, Ayyub Ar Ridwan, Nur Fathurahman Saipul Abbas Salim Salim, Salim sipi, Surianto