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All Journal Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities
Kurniawan, Fuat Edi
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Dilema Mekanisasi Pertanian dan Marginalisasi Buruh Tani Perempuan di Pedesaan Kurniawan, Fuat Edi
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22500/9202132575

Abstract

Mekanisasi pertanian pada dasarnya merupakan usaha percepatan pembangunan pertanian melalui perubahan teknologi di sektor pertanian. Namun mekanisasi justru menggusur tenaga kerja manusia. Perkembangan teknologi alat dan mesin pertanian (Alsintan) yang menciptakan mesin-mesin pengolah pertanian menjadikan peran baru yang menggantikan posisi buruh tani. Buruh tani perempuan merupakan pihak yang paling dirugikan dengan adanya mekanisasi pertanian ini. Studi ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus di Desa Gadingsari Bantul. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mekanisasi pertanian di Desa Gadingsari telah menggeser mekanisme kerja pertanian dari tenaga manusia untuk mengolah sawah menjadi Alsintan, seperti traktor, mesin penggiling, dan mesin perontok. Selain meninggalkan sistem pengolahan pertanian tradisional, perubahan ini secara langsung berdampak pada peluang kerja buruh tani perempuan karena mesin telah menggantikan pekerjaan dan mayoritas Alsintan dioperasikan oleh laki-laki. Perubahan teknologi pertanian menjadikan posisi buruh tani perempuan semakin termarginalkan. Usaha mekanisasi pertanian menjadi dilematis karena perubahan teknologi di pertanian dipahami menjadi sebuah keniscayaan yang dapat meningkatkan percepatan pembangunan pertanian, tetapi pada saat yang sama semakin meminggirkan perempuan buruh tani. Dalam konsep masyarakat risiko, teknologi bias gender menempatkan perempuan pada risiko modernitas. Konsekuensinya, refleksi atas risiko-risiko ini diperlukan untuk menemukan cara mempercepat pembangunan pertanian yang inklusif dan mengedepankan kesetaraan gender.
Food Sovereignty and The Paradox of Agricultural Development: Leslie Hossfeld, Brooke Kelly, Julia Waity. (2018). Food and poverty: Food insecurity and food sovereignty among America's poor, Nashville: Vanderbil University Press. Kurniawan, Fuat Edi
Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities Vol. 8 No. 1 (2018): Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities
Publisher : RMPI-BRIN

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Abstract

Employment Opportunities and Human Resources Development in Digital Era: A Case Study in Industrial Sector Asiati, Devi; Gutomo Bayu Aji; Ningrum, Vanda; Ngadi; Triyono; Kurniawan, Fuat Edi; Aruan, Norman Luther; Purba, Yanti Astrelina
Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities Vol. 8 No. 2 (2018): Democracy, Identity, Religion in Contemporary Southeast Asia
Publisher : RMPI-BRIN

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Abstract

Transformation of digitalization in large industries has an impact on the automation of production equipment, including the replacement of production machines from conventional machines (manual) to digital machines. Meanwhile, automation of production equipment requires workers with higher skills, in fact the existing workforce does not have expertise in carrying out all-digital equipment. The impact is a reduction in labor (layoffs). Machine replacement is done in stages so that the reduction of workforce (PHK) in bulk is not visible. However, the inconsistency between the preparation in the world of education and the needs in the world of work continues to occur today. Until now, vocational development based on local resources has not been operating optimally and needs serious attention from the local government. The government on various occasions mentioned four leading sectors that will be strengthened in the development of vocational institutions, namely maritime, tourism, agriculture (food security), and the creative industry. In addition, the government is also developing a policy scheme for Skill Development Funds (SDF), which is a skills improvement program for workers affected by automation (PHK), including through Vocational Training Center (BLK).
Malaria Morbidity Prediction Scenario In Indonesia Hafsari, Tria Anggita; Yulinda Nurul Aini; Kurniawan, Fuat Edi
Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities Vol. 9 No. 1 (2019): Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities
Publisher : RMPI-BRIN

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Abstract

WHO declared that Indonesia is a country at risk of malaria, because of the high rates of malaria morbidity. Government commitment in eradicating malaria has been realized in Malaria elimination program. The program aims to reduce Malaria case to zero in 2030. Starting from 2011, Indonesia suffered a drop in API’s value from 1.75 to 0.84‰. Despite the numerous drop in Malaria cases, some regions are until now suffering from large major outbreaks especially in the eastern Indonesia. The aim of this paper is to predict the trend of malaria morbidity with the API variable value of each targeted area in Indonesia. The prediction method employed in this research was deterministic method using extrapolation trends and probabilistic method using ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) using variation percentage of training and testing data to obtain the best prediction method. Result of this article was API value scenario in Indonesia up to 2030 for every targeted area. Based on the analysis result, the best method to predict the value of API was exponential growth method since it had the smallest MAPE value, which was 38.48 using 80% training data and 20% testing data. Prediction results indicated that the first targeted area had eliminated malaria in 2016, the second targeted area target would eliminated malaria in 2019 and the third targeted area was by 2022. Whereas the fourth targeted area covers Papua, West Papua, East Nusa Tenggara, Maluku and North Maluku had not eliminated malaria until 2030.
Industrial Relations In The Digital Sharing Economy: A Critical Review of Labor Informalization and Social Partnership Relations Kurniawan, Fuat Edi
Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities Vol. 10 No. 1 (2020): Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities
Publisher : RMPI-BRIN

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Abstract

This study provides a critical analysis of digital transformation which not only creates new patterns in production, distribution, and consumption but also has implications for power. Various issues have yet to be responded to thoroughly by policymakers to have allowed the new labor relations created in the digital sharing economy to develop quickly and become fragile, especially for laborers. In this article used a qualitative method with the desk study approach, by collecting data and information through examinations, analyzing information data using secondary data. This data is in the form of books, journals, workforce data from BPS (Statistics Indonesia), supporting data from related institutions, laws and regulations related to work, reports and literature studies. The results of this study show the emergence of an online transportation based digital platform which has opened new job opportunities, on the other hand, the industrial relation formed are only based on “virtual agreement”. The social partnership relations that exist between business/industry players and workers also give rise to new anomalies. This relation obscures the rights and protection of laborers who are unknowingly experiencing exploitation. Digital platform businesses cover the practice of labor exploitation within the rhetorical frame of freedom, flexibility, and partnership. It is the company that is at the peak of power, with control over technology, capital, and access. This study provides input to stakeholders, both government and digital industry, that digital developments should be able to be utilized in influencing social transformation that builds industrial optimism, technology, and empowers society more broadly. State authority and private power need to be integrated to act and be socially responsible. New findings in this study are on aspects digital-based industries cannot be separated from the process of commercialization and the massification of modern capitalism. Lack of regulations that become safety nets makes the labor’s position vulnerable and prone to being exploited. The industrial relation of social partnerships, and the absence of regulations governing the work of the informal sector, especially on the digital online transportation platform, creating new anomalies and problems for the labor.
Co-Authors Asiati, Devi Gutomo Bayu Aji Hafsari, Tria Anggita Ngadi Ningrum, Vanda Norman Luther Aruan, Norman Luther Purba, Yanti Astrelina Triyono Yulinda Nurul Aini