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Konstruksi Keilmuan Fikih Nusantara: Perspektif Filsafat Sains Bashori, Akmal
DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum Vol 20 No 2 (2022): DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Islam Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Parepare

Nusantara jurisprudence is the embodiment of jurisprudence in the nusantara, jurisprudence is constructed in accordance with the culture of the people, so that there is a dialectical process between culture and naṣ. The question is, does the fiqh that is practiced have to be the same as the fiqh where Islam itself descends, or can fiqh be dialectic with locality so that it gives rise to fiqh with the characteristics of each regional locality? How is the scientific construction of the fiqh nusantara from the perspective of the philosophy of science? Thus, this paper aims to find out how the scientific construction of the archipelago's fiqh from the perspective of the philosophy of science. With a philosophical approach, this paper will describe how the scientific construction of the fiqh nusantara. From this paper it is found that: first, in the perspective of philosophy of science, the material object of the fiqh nusantara is fiqh mu’āmalāh which contains several aspects: mu’āmalāh / property, jinayat, aḥwāl syakhsiyah, zakāt and waqf, qada, and nationality; second, the formal object of the archipelago's fiqh is divided into ontology, which contains the concept of al-tsabit, and mutagoyyirat, epistemology which contains the theory of knowledge of the archipelago's fiqh, among others: Authoritative Sources (al-Qur’an & Sunah), Ijtihād (Ijmā, Qiyās, Istiḥsān, Istiṣlāh, 'Urf, Saḍ Dzariah), and axiology, namely maqāṣid sharī'ah in this case to guide humans in capturing God's intentions wisely.

Zakat Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum Tirto Panguripan Kabupaten Kendal Perspektif Maqāṣid Syarī’ah Kumala, Irma Nur; Bashori, Akmal
At-Ta’awun: Jurnal Mu’amalah dan Hukum Islam Vol 1 No 2 (2022): At-Ta’awun: Jurnal Mu’amalah dan Hukum Islam
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59579/atw.v1i2.3764

The management of corporate zakat in the maqashid sharia perspective is the management of corporate zakat that refers to the goals of sharia so that maslahah is achieved among the people. The existence of this research is expected to be a small step that bridges the community to better understand the company's zakat. The purpose of this study is so that writers and readers can better understand the company's zakat. This research is a qualitative research that is outlined in a description, after going through a series of data searches from direct and indirect sources. Direct research was conducted by interviewing the Kendal Regency BAZNAS as the zakat management agency and the PDAM as muzaki. From this study, the researchers obtained the following results: first, the management of company zakat from the Panguripan Regional Drinking Water Company, Kendal Regency by the National Amil Zakat Agency of Kendal Regency, was implemented in the orphanage compensation program and the distribution of SR or clean water channels for families who less fortunate. Second, the company’s zakat utilization program is included in the maqashid sharia dzaruriyyat group because it relates to primary human needs. These programs cover several criteria for the dzaruriyyat group, namely hifdzu ad-din, hifdzu an-nafs, hifdzu al-aql, hifdzu an-nasl and hifdzu al-mal.

RUISLAG TANAH WAKAF PERSPEKTIF IMAM AS-SYAFI’I: Kasus di Mushola Abdurrahman Al Jamil Bumen Bumirejo Kab. Wonosobo Luhfiana, Mia; Bashori, Akmal
At-Ta’awun: Jurnal Mu’amalah dan Hukum Islam Vol 2 No 1 (2023): At-Ta'awun: Jurnal Mu'amalah dan Hukum Islam
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59579/atw.v2i1.4618

Waqf is a form of Islamic socio-religious worship which is highly recommended for Muslims, because waqf will always distribute rewards to those who donate it even though the person concerned has died. While swapping waqf is replacing the waqf property with other assets because there is benefit or indeed it must be replaced which in Islam is known as istibdal. The problems examined in this study are first, how is the practice of implementing swaps for waqf land at the Andurrahman al Jamil prayer room in Bumen Hamlet, Bumirejo Village, Mojotengah District, Wonosobo Regency. Second, how is the law of the swap practice from the perspective of Imam As-Shafi'i. to find out whether the practice of swapping is in accordance with the As-Shafi'i Madzhab or not. This research uses field research methods with data analysis and processing on objects that compare the law of Imam As-Syafi'i with the practice of swapping rolls that occur in the Bumen, Bumirejo, Mojotengah, Wonosobo neighborhoods. The results of the first study show that in the practice of exchanging waqf land that took place at the Abdurrahman Al Jamil Mosque, Bumen Hamlet, Bumirejo, Mojotengah, Wonosobo, it was a practice of exchanging waqf land at the Al Jamil Mosque and the land of one of the residents as an extension of the Abdurrahman Mosque. The reason for this exchange is to maintain the continuity of the benefits and objectives of the Al Jamil mosque waqf because the mosque is not well managed. Second, when viewed from the perspective of Imam Syafi'i this practice is not in accordance with Islamic law stipulated by Imam Syafi'i. In his opinion, the practice of back-and-forth is not allowed. The stated permissibility of swapping is not a law, but only as an alternative so that the sustainability of the benefits is not lost (more maslahah).

BAI’ ISTIJROR PERSPEKTIF IMAM SYAFI’I DAN IMAM MA̅LIK DI DALAM KITAB AL-UMM DAN AL-MUWATTHA’ Ma’arif, Ma'arif; Bashori, Akmal
At-Ta’awun: Jurnal Mu’amalah dan Hukum Islam Vol 2 No 2 (2023): At-Ta’awun: Jurnal Mu’amalah dan Hukum Islam
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59579/atw.v2i2.5975

This article presents a comparison of two great imams in the world, namely Imam Syafi'i and Imam Malik, regarding bai' istijror. there are opinions, istinbat and also arguments related to the problem. Bai' istijror is taking an item that is purchased little by little over a period of time. The research results show that there are significant differences between the opinions of Imam Syafi'i and Malik. Imam Syafi'i said that bai' istijror should not be based on the evidence of the Koran and hadith. Meanwhile, Imam Malik said that bai’ istijror is permitted on the basis of istinbat from the Koran and hadith as well. Even though they both rely on the Al-Qur'an and hadith, the sources of the verses and hadith are different so their opinions are different.

Konstruksi Nalar Hukum Fatwa Pemboikotan Produk Terafiliasi Israel di Indonesia Innayah, Firly; Bashori, Akmal
At-Ta’awun: Jurnal Mu’amalah dan Hukum Islam Vol 3 No 1 (2024): At-Ta'awun: Jurnal Mu'amalah dan Hukum Islam
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59579/atw.v3i1.7919

This article focuses on the issue of the Indonesian Ulema Council’s (MUI) fatwa regarding boycotting products affiliated with Israel, with a focus on the epistemological construction of MUI fatwa No. 83 of 2023. To answer this problem, this article uses the theory of ijtihād. Considering that the type of research is literature with the data source being MUI fatwa 83 2023, then it is analyzed using descriptive analysis. From the results of this research, it can be concluded that the fatwa is a form of Indonesia’s support for the Palestinian struggle, one of which is an appeal to boycott products affiliated with Israel. In deciding this Fatwa, the MUI used the reasoning of Bayānī, Ta’līlī, and Iṣtislaḥī.

HUKUM PERNIKAHAN DALAM ISLAM Ichrom, Nur Rofik Muhamad; Bashori, Akmal; Nazzilla, Intan Martha; Maghfiroh, Hisna Aulia; Rahmazaky, Radit; Zaki A, Putra
Jurnal Al-Wasith : Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Al-Wasith: Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam
Publisher : Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Al Ghazali Cilacap

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Pernikahan dalam Islam merupakan institusi penting yang dilandasi prinsip agama, moralitas, dan tanggung jawab. Selain itu, artikel ini memberikan gambaran tentang konsep keluarga dalam Islam dengan fokus pada peran suami dan istri dalam membesarkan anak. Selain sebagai ikatan sosial, pernikahan dalam Islam juga dianggap sebagai ibadah jika dilakukan dengan niat yang benar. Kesimpulannya, pernikahan dalam Islam merupakan ikatan spiritual dan moral, mewajibkan sumpah seumur hidup, dan berperan penting dalam menjaga stabilitas sosial dan moral masyarakat. Salah satu tujuan pernikahan adalah mempunyai keturunan untuk menambah rasa cinta dan kebahagiaan dalam keluarga.

Nalar Fikih Kebangsaan K.H. Afifuddin Muhajir: Islam, Pancasila dan Keindonesiaan Mutho’am, Mutho’am; Bashori, Akmal
SALAM: Jurnal Sosial dan Budaya Syar-i Vol 10, No 6 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/sjsbs.v10i4.34059

Indonesia is not an Islamic country, but Indonesia is also not anti-Islamic. Pancasila positions monotheism in its first principle in line with Islamic theology. Likewise, in the Constitution, it is stated "the blessing of God's grace". However, there are quite a few who consider Indonesia to be thoghut. Kiai Afifuddin Muhajir in this context provides a scientific-fiqhiyyah argument that what Indonesia is accused of being a thoghut state is not correct. So what is Kiai Afifudin Muhajir's concept of national jurisprudence? What is the epistemic-methodical framework of Kiai Afifudin Muhajir's thinking? Based on these questions, this writing uses qualitative research with Karl Menheim's sociology of science approach. The results of the research state that Kiai Afif's national jurisprudence thoughts have a summa-comprehensive reach, including religion-state symbiosis, democracy-public benefit, justice and legal certainty, the appointment of leaders, Pancasila and Islam. Apart from that, research also states that in formulating his thoughts, Kiai Afif has a moderate style of thinking, namely combining nuṣūṣ al-sḥarī'ah with Maqāṣidiyah reasoning. Kiai Afif uses fiqhiyyah and uṣūliyah reasoning, especially in the aspect of people's benefit, and juxtaposes that the issue of the form of the Pancasila state is included in the mu'amalah category, basically, it is a problem of murlahah, which is definitively not prohibited by the Shari'a. Keywords: National Jurisprudence; Fiqh Reasoning; K.H. Afifuddin Muhajir Abstrak Indonesia bukan negara Islam, namun Indonesia juga tidak antipatif terhadap Islam. Pancasila memosisikan monoteistik dalam sila pertamanya selaras dengan teologi Islam. Demikian juga dalam UUD, disebutkan “berkat rahmat Allah”. Meski demikian tidak sedikit yang menganggap Indonesia sebagai thoghut. Kiai Afifuddin Muhajir dalam konteks ini memberikan argumentasi secara ilmiah-fiqhiyyah bahwa apa yang dituduhkan Indonesia negara thoghut adalah kurang tepat. Lantas bagaimana konsep fikih kebangsaan Kiai Afifudin Muhajir? Bagaimana kerangka Epistemik-metodis pemikiran Kiai Afifudin Muhajir? Dari pertanyaan tersebut penulisan ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan sosiologi ilmu pengetahuan Karl Menheim. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa pemikiran fikih kebangsaan Kiai Afif mempunyai daya jangkau summa-komprehensif, meliputi simbiosis agama-negara, demokrasi-kemaslahatan umum, Peradilan dan kepastian Hukum, pengangkatan pemimpin, Pancasila dan keislaman. Selain itu penelitian juga menyatakan bahwa dalam merumuskan pemikirannya Kiai Afif mempunyai corak berpikir moderat yakni menggabungkan nuṣūṣ al-sḥarī’ah dengan nalar Maqāṣidiyah. Kiai Afif menggunakan nalar fiqhiyyah dan uṣūliyah khususnya dalam aspek kemaslahatan rakyat, dan menyandingkan bahwa persoalan bentuk negara Pancasila adalah termasuk dalam kategori mu’amalah pada dasarnya adalah maslaḥah mursalah, yang secara definitif tidak dilarang oleh syariat. Kata Kunci: Fikih Kebangsaan; Nalar Fikih; K.H. Afifuddin Muhajir

Epistemology of Fatwas on Digital Transaction in Indonesia Bashori, Akmal; Mutho'am, Mutho'am; Noor Hazlina Wan Jusoh, Wan
Jurnal Hukum Islam Vol 21 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28918/jhi_v21i2_02

The shift from conventional business transactions to digital business transactions, especially for the Muslim community in Indonesia, necessitates a fast and reactive response from current laws. The theoretical argument that has been developed thus far is that the fatwa is the most appropriate legal tool for Muslim communities to respond to the rapid development of digital business. Nevertheless, do the existing fatwas fulfill legal needs as expected in this era of digital transactions? Hence, this paper discusses digital transaction fatwas within the framework of Islamic legal epistemology, especially fatwas from the National Shariah Council–Indonesian Ulama Council. The research method uses normative juridical with a conceptual and historical-uṣūliyah approach. This research finds that the contemporary fatwa epistemology of the National Shariah Council–Indonesian Ulama Council in terms of digital transactions employs istiṣlāhī arguments. This is shown by the proposition that fiqh rules are more dominant than textual ones. Moreover, the arguments in the fatwa of the National Shariah Council–Indonesian Ulama Council provide signs of benefit as the estuary of maqāṣid syarī'ah. The consistency of the use of legal methodology utilized by the National Shariah Council–Indonesian Ulama Council in fatwas on digital transactions is shown in the structure and utilization of al-nuṣūṣ al-shariah arguments, the opinions of ulama, and the rules of fiqh, which are expanded from the five rules of fiqh into eight rules. These fatwas are reliable and valid in terms of dictum and method, thus supporting the development of the current digital transactions.

Otentisitas Ḥadīs Āḥād Dalam Diskursus Uṣūl al-Fiqh: Dialektika Mazhab Mutakallimin dan Ahnaf Bashori, Akmal; Marhumah, Marhumah
Syariati: Jurnal Studi Al-Qur'an dan Hukum Vol 9 No 2 (2023): SYARIATI : Jurnal Studi Al Qur'an dan Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum (FSH) UNSIQ

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32699/syariati.v9i2.5506

Artikel ini mengkaji tentang perdebatan seputar ḥadīs āhād di kalangan mazhab Ahnaf dan Mutakallimin. Mana yang dijadikan prioritas sebagai hujjah ḥadīs āhād ataukah qiyās? Di isini menariknya, karena mazhab Mutakallimin berpandangan ḥadīs āhād harus dijadikan hujjah dalam hukum Islam, sementara mazhab Ahnaf lebih memprioritaskan pengunaan qiyās daripada penggunaan ḥadīs āhād. Perbedaan tersebut berimplikasi juga pada produk hukum yang pada tataran iplikatifnya juga iterjadi perbedaan, seperti halnya pada lapangan fikih mu’amalat iatau hukum ekonomi syari’ah.

Nalar Fikih Kebangsaan K.H. Afifuddin Muhajir: Islam, Pancasila dan Keindonesiaan Mutho’am, Mutho’am; Bashori, Akmal
SALAM: Jurnal Sosial dan Budaya Syar-i Vol. 10 No. 6 (2023)
Publisher : SALAM: Jurnal Sosial dan Budaya Syar-i

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/sjsbs.v10i4.34059

Indonesia is not an Islamic country, but Indonesia is also not anti-Islamic. Pancasila positions monotheism in its first principle in line with Islamic theology. Likewise, in the Constitution, it is stated "the blessing of God's grace". However, there are quite a few who consider Indonesia to be thoghut. Kiai Afifuddin Muhajir in this context provides a scientific-fiqhiyyah argument that what Indonesia is accused of being a thoghut state is not correct. So what is Kiai Afifudin Muhajir's concept of national jurisprudence? What is the epistemic-methodical framework of Kiai Afifudin Muhajir's thinking? Based on these questions, this writing uses qualitative research with Karl Menheim's sociology of science approach. The results of the research state that Kiai Afif's national jurisprudence thoughts have a summa-comprehensive reach, including religion-state symbiosis, democracy-public benefit, justice and legal certainty, the appointment of leaders, Pancasila and Islam. Apart from that, research also states that in formulating his thoughts, Kiai Afif has a moderate style of thinking, namely combining nuṣūṣ al-sḥarī'ah with Maqāṣidiyah reasoning. Kiai Afif uses fiqhiyyah and uṣūliyah reasoning, especially in the aspect of people's benefit, and juxtaposes that the issue of the form of the Pancasila state is included in the mu'amalah category, basically, it is a problem of murlahah, which is definitively not prohibited by the Shari'a. Keywords: National Jurisprudence; Fiqh Reasoning; K.H. Afifuddin Muhajir Abstrak Indonesia bukan negara Islam, namun Indonesia juga tidak antipatif terhadap Islam. Pancasila memosisikan monoteistik dalam sila pertamanya selaras dengan teologi Islam. Demikian juga dalam UUD, disebutkan “berkat rahmat Allah”. Meski demikian tidak sedikit yang menganggap Indonesia sebagai thoghut. Kiai Afifuddin Muhajir dalam konteks ini memberikan argumentasi secara ilmiah-fiqhiyyah bahwa apa yang dituduhkan Indonesia negara thoghut adalah kurang tepat. Lantas bagaimana konsep fikih kebangsaan Kiai Afifudin Muhajir? Bagaimana kerangka Epistemik-metodis pemikiran Kiai Afifudin Muhajir? Dari pertanyaan tersebut penulisan ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan sosiologi ilmu pengetahuan Karl Menheim. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa pemikiran fikih kebangsaan Kiai Afif mempunyai daya jangkau summa-komprehensif, meliputi simbiosis agama-negara, demokrasi-kemaslahatan umum, Peradilan dan kepastian Hukum, pengangkatan pemimpin, Pancasila dan keislaman. Selain itu penelitian juga menyatakan bahwa dalam merumuskan pemikirannya Kiai Afif mempunyai corak berpikir moderat yakni menggabungkan nuṣūṣ al-sḥarī’ah dengan nalar Maqāṣidiyah. Kiai Afif menggunakan nalar fiqhiyyah dan uṣūliyah khususnya dalam aspek kemaslahatan rakyat, dan menyandingkan bahwa persoalan bentuk negara Pancasila adalah termasuk dalam kategori mu’amalah pada dasarnya adalah maslaḥah mursalah, yang secara definitif tidak dilarang oleh syariat. Kata Kunci: Fikih Kebangsaan; Nalar Fikih; K.H. Afifuddin Muhajir

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