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All Journal Evangelikal: Jurnal Teologi Injili dan Pembinaan Warga Jemaat Manna Rafflesia PASCA: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Agama Kristen Jurnal Amanat Agung Luxnos : Jurnal Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Pelita Dunia SCRIPTA : Jurnal Teologi dan Pelayanan Kontekstual BONAFIDE: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristen IMMANUEL: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristen Sabda : Jurnal Teologi Kristen Jurnal PkM Setiadharma DIEGESIS: Jurnal Teologi Kharismatika ALUCIO DEI Danum Pambelum: Jurnal Teologi dan Musik Gereja Lentera Nusantara TEMISIEN: Jurnal Teologi, Misi, dan Entrepreneurship Sesawi: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristen Khamisyim : Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristiani Jurnal Teologi Rai GRAFTA: Journal of Christian Religion Education and Biblical Studies Jurnal Lampo
Iman Kristina Halawa
Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu
Religion Humanities Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences Other

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BUDAYA KRISTIANI SEBAGAI HIBRIDITAS BUDAYA: Halawa, Iman Kristina; Suhadi
Jurnal Amanat Agung Vol 20 No 2 (2024): Jurnal Amanat Agung Vol. 20 No. 2 Desember 2024
Publisher : STT Amanat Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47754/jaa.v20i2.668

Abstract

ABSTRAK Budaya Kristiani sebagai sistem norma dan nilai yang dianut oleh umat Kristen bukan hanya melingkupi elemen ritual dan keagamaan, tetapi pun mengambarkan interaksi dengan budaya lokal dan tantangan yang dihadapi dalam jaman globalisasi. Melalui perspektif kualitatif dan etnografi, penelitian ini menginvestigasi bagaimana nilai-nilai Kristiani diinternalsasi pada perilaku budaya sehari-hari dan bagaimana struktur sosial pada umat Kristen membentuk identitas kolektif anggotanya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa agama berperan menentukan dalam pembentukan identitas sosial umat Kristiani, di mana perbuatan keagamaan dan aktivitas sosial di gereja meningkatkan ikatan indra dari individu kepada umat. Selain itu, perpaduan sosial dalam umat Kristen dipengaruhi dari latar kebudayaan, ekonomi, dan pendidikan, yang selalu menjadi tempat perlindungan dan dukungan bagi anggotanya. Penelitian ini pun menyoroti dampak dari globalisasi atas budaya hidup umat Kristiani, yang membawahi peluang akan pertumbuhan tetapi sebaliknya menuntut umat akan tetap kritis dalam menegakkan nilai-nilai iman kristen. Integrasi diantara antropologi dan sosiologi memberikan wawasan yang lebih lengkap mengenai bagaimana umat Kristen menyesuaikan dan mengembangkan diri dalam konteks sosial yang lebih luas. Kata Kunci :
Esther’s Stand Against Injustice: Theology for Women’s Political Participation in Indonesia Halawa, Iman Kristina; Purwonugroho, Daniel Pesah; Adi, Didit Yuliantono
Evangelikal: Jurnal Teologi Injili dan Pembinaan Warga Jemaat Vol 9 No 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Simpson Ungaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46445/ejti.v9i2.954

Abstract

This article is designed with the aim of tracing Esther's example in suing for justice in the face of power. Queen Esther's courage in the Book of Esther, especially her action against King Ahasuerus without an invitation, is a representation of courage against potential injustice. Queen Esther's courage was not blind courage but courage with wise strategy. This study looks at how Esther's actions have affected modern leadership and how courage and wisdom can serve as examples for Christian communities and leaders today. This study can inspire modern leadership to dare to declare an injustice lawsuit against the rulers. The research uses the method of religious research to respond to the injustice in the face of power that threatened the Jewish nation under the rule of King Ahasuerus. The results of this study show that fighting injustice must be accompanied by a wise strategy and trust in God's providence for the Jewish nation by returning to moral principles and values. This research contributes in the form of a theological reflection for Christian women to emulate Esther in facing injustice in Indonesia.
Theological Basis for Obedience to the Government During the Covid-2019 Pandemic in Indonesia Supriadi, Made Nopen; Gulo, Manase; Halawa, Iman Kristina
Evangelikal: Jurnal Teologi Injili dan Pembinaan Warga Jemaat Vol 5 No 2 (2021): July 2021
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Simpson Ungaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46445/ejti.v5i2.372

Abstract

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic continues to increase its spread. The government has made efforts to contain the space by enacting several health protocols by March 2020. However, many Indonesians have not followed through on this appeal, and this situation also occurs in the context of the church. The Covid-19 pandemic is predicted to subside at the end of August or early September 2020, but this has not been realized. The authors observe the phenomenon of failure to recognize this due to a lack of adherence to health protocols. Obedience is an important principle that needs to be understood and implemented by all Indonesian people, especially Christians and church leaders. This research used the descriptive method to identify the phenomenon to get to the main problem, namely the concept of obedience. This research got the theological formulation of obedience to the government, namely priestly service, political service, and submission to government policies that have justice and humanity values.  ABSTRAKPandemi Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) terus meningkat penyebarannya. Pemerintah telah melakukan upaya untuk mengatasi penyebaran dengan memberlakukan beberapa protokol kesehatan pada bulan Maret 2020, namun masih banyak masyarakat Indonesia belum menaati imbauan tersebut, dan situasi tersebut juga terjadi dalam konteks gereja. Pandemi Covid-19 diprediksi akan reda pada akhir Agustus atau awal September 2020, namun hal tersebut tidak terealisasi. Penulis mengamati fenomena gagalnya realisasi tersebut karena kurangnya ketaatan terhadap penerapan protokol kesehatan. Ketaatan adalah prinsip penting yang perlu dimengerti dan diimplementasikan oleh seluruh masyarakat Indonesia, secara khusus bagi umat Kristen dan para pemimpin gereja. Penelitian ini memakai metode deskriptif melakukan identifikasi fenomena untuk mendapatkan pokok permasalahan yaitu konsep ketaatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan formulasi teologis ketaatan kepada pemerintah yaitu pelayanan keimaman, pelayanan politis dan ketundukan kepada kebijakan pemerintah yang memiliki nilai keadilan serta kemanusiaan.
Analisis Fenomenologis Terhadap Pembatasan Pembacaan Kitab Kidung Agung Dalam Konteks Ibadah Kristen Di Sekolah Tinggi Teolog Arastamar Bengkulu Halawa, Iman Kristina; Supriadi, Made Nopen; Dilla, Minggus; Waharman, Waharman; Ayawaila, Estherlina Maria
Danum Pambelum: Jurnal Teologi dan Musik Gereja Vol 2 No 1 (2022): DPJTMG: Mei
Publisher : Institut Agama Kristen Negeri Palangka Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54170/dp.v2i1.83

Abstract

The Song of Solomon is one of the books of Poetry. This book has been accepted into canonization as an inspired writing by God. This book gets a lot of attacks and criticisms as a book that does not deserve to be called the word of God because many sentences have erotic nuances, the phenomenological implications of this book rarely get a portion in readings in Christian Worship, even the majority of Christians suggest not to use the Song of Solomon as a reference. Reading in a general context and only read in a special class and the phenomenon occurs in the context of College Theology Students. In addition, the Song of Solomon also raises debates regarding the approach to reading the book. Through qualitative methods, specifically descriptive and phenomenological analysis. The results of this study indicate that the Song of Solomon needs to get a place in Christian worship readings, but before entering the general reading of the Song of Solomon it is necessary to study it specifically to avoid misunderstanding the theological meaning in every word and sentence that has an erotic feel. Kitab Kidung Agung adalah salah satu kitab Puisi. Kitab ini telah diterima dalam kanonisasi sebagai tulisan yang diilhamkan oleh Allah. Kitab ini banyak mendapatkan serangan dan kritikan sebagai kitab yang tidak pantas disebut sebagai firman Allah karena ada banyak kalimat yang bernuansa erotis, implikasi secara fenomenologis kitab ini jarang mendapatkan porsi dalam pembacaan di Ibadah Kristen, bahkan mayoritas umat Kristen menyarankan untuk tidak menggunakan kitab Kidung Agung sebagai pembacaan dalam konteks umum dan hanya dibaca dalam kelas khusus dan fenomena tersebut terjadi dalam konteks Mahasiswa Sekolah Tinggi Teologi. Selain itu kitab Kidung Agung juga menimbulkan perdebatan dalam hal pendekatan pembacaan kitab. Melalui metode kualitatif secara khusus melakukan analisis deskriptif dan fenomenologis. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kitab Kidung Agung perlu mendapatkan tempat dalam pembacaan di ibadah Kristen, namun sebelum memasuki pembacaan umum kitab Kidung Agung perlu dipelajari secara khusus untuk menghindari kesalahpahaman makna teologis dalam setiap kata dan kalimat yang bernuansa erotik.
Peran Majelis Gereja dalam Pertumbuhan Rohani Jemaat: Analisis 1 Timotius 3:8-13 Halawa, Iman Kristina; Sesatonis, Yos Adoni; Purwonugroho, Daniel Pesah
Immanuel: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristen Vol 5, No 2 (2024): OKTOBER 2024
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46305/im.v5i2.322

Abstract

This paper aims to explore the role of church elders in the spiritual growth of the congregation. The role of church elders is examined through the lens of 1 Timothy 3:8-13. Church elders are believers entrusted with significant responsibilities within a local church. It is essential that church elders exhibit good character and integrity, as their attitudes directly influence the spiritual life of the local church they serve. Church elders must align their lives with the truth of God’s Word. 1 Timothy 3:8-13 outlines the proper attitudes in the context of church ministry. These attitudes, as described in 1 Timothy 3:8-13, should be adopted and lived out by church elders. When elders embody these attitudes, their ministry will have a positive impact on the spiritual growth of the congregation. Through a qualitative descriptive method, it can be concluded that the attitudes in 1 Timothy 3:8-13 must be possessed and expressed in the lives of church elders. When these attitudes are cultivated and become integral to their character, the congregation will experience significant spiritual growth. AbstrakTulisan ini dibuat untuk menjelajahi peran majelis gereja dalam pertumbuhan rohani jemaat. Peran majelis gereja tersebut akan diperhatikan dalam perspektif 1 Timotius 3:8-13. Majelis gereja adalah orang percaya yang memegang pelayanan penting di dalam sebuah gereja lokal. Majelis gereja perlu memiliki sikap yang baik dan berintegritas. Kualitas sikap akan mempengaruhi kehidupan rohani dalam sebuah gereja lokal tempat majelis gereja melayani. Majelis gereja perlu membangun hidupnya sesuai dengan kebenaran Firman Tuhan. 1 Timotius 3:8-13 menunjukkan sikap-sikap yang tepat sesuai dengan konteks ayat tersebut dalam membangun sebuah pelayanan gereja. Sikap-sikap dalam 1 Timotius 3:8-13 perlu dimiliki dan dihidup oleh para majelis gereja. Saat para majelis gereja memiliki sikap seperti yang dinyatakan dalam 1 Timotius 3:8-13, maka pelayanan majelis gereja akan memberi dampak kepada pertumbuhan rohani jemaat. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif, dapat disimpulkan bahwa sikap-sikap dalam 1 Timotus 3:8-13 harus dimiliki dan diekspresikan dalam kehidupan majelis gereja. Saat sikap tersebut terbangun dan menjadi karakter majelis gereja, maka jemaat akan mengalami pertumbuhan rohani yang signifikan.
Ketaatan Abraham Dalam Perspektif Teologis: Implikasinya Bagi Kehidupan Orang Kristen Halawa, Iman Kristina; Panggabean, Saut Maruli
SCRIPTA: Jurnal Teologi dan Pelayanan Kontekstual Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025): Pemikiran Teologis dan Pelayanan Kontekstual
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Theologia Ebenhaezer Tanjung Enim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47154/sjtpk.v19i2.891

Abstract

This article examines Abraham's obedience in the biblical narrative, particularly in Genesis 12 and 22, from a theological perspective and its implications for the lives of Christians today. Abraham's obedience is understood not as a form of mechanical obedience, but rather as a manifestation of living faith and a response to God's call and command. Through a literature-based descriptive-analytical study, this paper shows that Abraham was willing to leave the comfort of his homeland and even sacrifice his only son as a form of total obedience to God. The study highlights how Abraham's act of faith reflects the integration of fides (faith) and obedientia (obedience), and contains theological dimensions of divine election, promise and provision. In the context of contemporary Christianity, Abraham's obedience becomes a relevant spiritual paradigm to face the challenges of faith, moral relativism, and the crisis of obedience to the divine call. This article concludes that true obedience is an act of faith that prioritises God's will, even if it demands the greatest sacrifice, and is the path to the revelation of God's providence and favour in the lives of believers.
KRITIK NABI MIKHA TERHADAP NEPOTISME: PERSPEKTIF HERMENEUTIKA TEOLOGI KEADILAN SOSIAL Panggabean, Saut Maruli P.; Daeli, Regueli; Halawa, Iman Kristina
BONAFIDE: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristen Vol 6 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : SEKOLAH TINGGI TEOLOGI INJILI SETIA SIAU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46558/bonafide.v6i2.469

Abstract

This article examines the Prophet Micah’s critique of nepotism through the lens of social justice theological hermeneutics. The historical background of eighth-century BCE Judah reveals systemic abuses of power, land confiscation, and political patronage that undermined the social order. Micah exposes this corruption through sharp prophetic rhetoric, portraying leaders as betrayers of their divine mandate. This analysis finds that modern nepotism shares structural similarities with the injustices of Micah’s era, namely the erosion of meritocracy and the weakening of social solidarity. The novelty of this research lies in positioning nepotism as an independent theological category within the interpretation of the Book of Micah. The research results affirm that the struggle against nepotism encompasses three crucial dimensions: (1) as an ethical agenda in social life; (2) as a prophetic calling to embody God's justice (mishpat) in the public sphere; and (3) as a theological calling to restore the integrity of public spirituality centered on faith loyalty and the rejection of exclusive privileges. Consequently, this article grounds Micah's message as an instrument of socio-political transformation relevant to the context of modern leadership in Indonesia.
TABOT BENGKULU: KAJIAN TEOLOGI KONTEKSTUAL DALAM BINGKAI AKULTURASI BUDAYA Iman Kristina Halawa; Juliusman Halawa; Junius Ediman Laia
LAMPO: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Agama Kristen Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Januari 2026
Publisher : SEKOLAH TINGGI TEOLOGI STAR RIAU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63832/rn4nkp26

Abstract

Tradisi Tabot di Bengkulu berakar dari peringatan tragedi Karbala, namun melalui proses akulturasi dengan budaya lokal, ia bertransformasi menjadi identitas religio-kultural masyarakat setempat. Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis Tabot sebagai ekspresi teologi kontekstual, yaitu wujud iman yang menafsirkan nilai-nilai universal Islam pengorbanan, keadilan, dan solidaritas dalam bingkai budaya lokal Bengkulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode hermeneutik untuk menafsirkan simbol-simbol religius Tabot, serta triangulasi literatur untuk menjaga validitas interpretasi lintas disiplin (teologi, antropologi, dan budaya). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa Tabot tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai ritual keagamaan, tetapi juga sebagai media penguatan identitas budaya, sarana pendidikan nilai moral, dan ruang dialog antaragama. Dari perspektif teologi Kristen, Tabot memiliki resonansi dengan pengorbanan Kristus, sehingga membuka peluang refleksi lintas iman dan teologi pluralisme. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada pembacaan Tabot sebagai bentuk teologi kontekstual lintas agama yang berimplikasi pada pengembangan pendidikan agama, pelestarian budaya lokal, dan penguatan dialog antarumat beragama di Indonesia. studi ini juga dapat memperkaya literatur teologi kontekstual di Indonesia melalui pendekatan hermeneutik simbolik
KARYA ROH KUDUS DALAM MENEMPATKAN PELAYAN GEREJA BERDASARKAN KIS 6:1-7 Suhadi Suhadi; Iman Kristina Halawa
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2023): Oktober
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v10i1.376

Abstract

This article aims to understand the work of the Holy Spirit in placing church ministers. The Holy Spirit reveals His work in placing church servants to develop ministry. However, based on this research, the author found several things that are of concern to a church minister. In Ex. 18:14-27 Jethro also asked Moses to appoint several people who could help him in leading God's chosen people. Likewise, what was experienced by the apostles in their ministry after they received the power of the Holy Spirit to preach the Gospel and convert many souls was recorded in Acts 2:41 as approximately three thousand souls; this figure is not a small number of souls who want to be served the truth. The work of the Holy Spirit enables church ministers to serve the congregation in terms of teaching God's Word. All of this happened inseparable from the work of the Holy Spirit, and the Holy Spirit also enabled the apostles to determine according to predetermined criteria; namely, people must be filled with the Holy Spirit, wise, and willing to suffer for the truth. Hopefully, this article can help to understand and understand the work of the Holy Spirit in the lives of believers in carrying out the church's tri-tasks in terms of ministry.
MENEMUKAN IMAN DALAM KETIDAKPASTIAN: REFLEKSI TEOLOGIS BERDASARKAN KITAB HABAKUK Iman Kristina Halawa; Daniel Pesah Purwonugroho; Martha Bela Wowo; Yosafat Gratia Prasetyo
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2024): Oktober
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v11i1.503

Abstract

This paper is organized to find faith in uncertainty through theological reflection based on the book of Habakkuk. Habakkuk is a prophet of God in the Old Testament who experienced a difficult time amid King Jehoiakim's reign. The difficulties of life and injustice that occurred during the time of King Jehoiakim made the prophet Habakkuk constantly pray and put his faith in God. This steadfastness of faith needs to be emulated by believers. The modern age in which believers live often brings various challenges, such as the relativism of absolute truth and identity crisis. As a believer living in modern times, I believe that imitating Habakkuk can be done to achieve faith resilience. By having faith resilience as a result of imitating Habakkuk, believers can get through difficult times through their faith. Believers' faith will be trained amid life's uncertainties. Through descriptive qualitative research methods, the author tries to narrate the discovery of faith amid uncertain conditions through theological reflection based on the book of Habakkuk. The author states that the theological reflection of the book of Habakkuk brings believers to have faith that even amid uncertainty, God still answers prayer.
Co-Authors Daeli, Regueli Daniel Pesah Purwonugroho Didit Yuliantono Adi Estherlina Maria Ayawaila Giawa, Suarman Gulo, Rencana Gusman Novir Giawa Halawa, Mediana Hia, Firman Jaya Juliusman Halawa Junius Ediman Laia Made Nopen Supriadi Manase Gulo Martha Bela Wowo Minggus Dilla Panggabean, Saut Maruli Panggabean, Saut Maruli P. Purwonugroho, Daniel Pesah Regueli Daeli Samuel Purdaryanto Saut Maruli P. Panggabean Saut Maruli P. Panggabean Sesatonis, Yos Adoni Situmorang, Anen Mangapul Suhadi Suhadi Suhadi Vincesius Waharman, Waharman Yohanes Dian Alpasa Yosafat Gratia Prasetyo