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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran (Journal of Medical Science) Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Neurona Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
Mawaddah Ar-Rochmah
Department Of Neurology, Faculty Of Medicine, Public Health And Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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Ethanol Extracts of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. Leaf Increase Superoxide Dismutase-2 (SOD-2) Expression on Rat Cerebellar Purkinje Cells After Chronic Stress Desby Juananda; Dwi Cahyani Ratna Sari; Mawaddah Ar-Rochmah; Nur Arfian; Muhammad Mansyur Romi
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Vol 11, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (162.455 KB) | DOI: 10.26891/JIK.v11i2.2017.24-29

Abstract

Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa stres kronis meningkatkan produksi reactive oxygen species (ROS), dan /atau menekan mekanisme pertahanan antioksidan. Efek neuroprotektif dari Centella asiatica (L.). Urb telah dilaporkandapat melindungi neuron dari kerusakan oksidatif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek ekstraketanol C. asiatica leaf terhadap ekspresi superoxide dismutase-2 sel (SOD- 2) pada sel Purkinje serebelum tikussetelah diberikan kejutan kronis di kaki. Sebanyak 25 tikus Sprague Dawley jantan dewasa muda diacak ke dalam limakelompok. Kelompok kontrol negatif terdiri dari tikus yang tidak stres; kelompok kontrol stres menerima aquadest; dankelompok lain diobati dengan dosis yang berbeda (mg / kg berat badan / hari, p.o.) ekstrak etanol daun C. asiatica: 150,300 dan 600, masing-masing diikuti oleh pemberian kejutan kronis di kaki selama dua puluh delapan hari. Ekspresi SOD-2 dari lapisan sel Purkinje diukur menggunakan metode imunohistokimia. Data dianalisis dengan one-way ANOVA (p<0,05). Kami menemukan bahwa ekspresi SOD-2 (%) dari lapisan sel Purkinje untuk kelompok kontrol negatif, kelompokkontrol stres, CeA150, CeA300 dan CeA600 kelompok adalah 22,38 ± 9,73, 9,81 ± 2,21, 10,29 ± 3,60, 14,72 ± 6,65, dan22,75 ± 10,93, masing-masing (p <0,05). Analisis post-hoc menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompokkontrol negatif dan kelompok kontrol stres (p <0,05). Ada juga perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok kontrolstres dan kelompok CeA600 (p <0,05), tetapi tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok perlakuan (p> 0,05).Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun C. asiatica meningkatkan ekspresi SOD-2 pada sel Purkinjecerebellar tikus setelah stres kronis.
Ethanolic extract of the Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. leaf decreases cerebellar brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in rats after chronic stress Dwi Cahyani Ratna Sari; Desby Juananda; Mawaddah Ar-Rochmah; Muhammad Mansyur Romi; Nur Arfian
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 50, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (770.994 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005002201801

Abstract

Chronic stress produces glucocorticoid-induced neurotoxicity that may lead to alterations of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentration in the brain. Cerebellum is known to be severely affected by glucocorticoids-associated oxidative damage. Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. may protect neurons from oxidative damage. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ethanolic extract of C. asiatica (L.) Urb. leaf on the rat cerebellar BDNF levels following stress. Twenty young-adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned into four experimental groups. The stress control group received aquadest, and the other groups were treated with different doses of the C. asiatica (L.) Urb. extract i.e 150 (CeA150), 300 (CeA300) and 600 (CeA600) mg/kg body weight/day orally, respectively and followed by chronic footshock stress for 28 days. Upon completion of the experimental period, all animals were sacrificed and the cerebellar was isolated. The BDNF levels from the cerebellar tissue lysate was measured using ELISA. The mean BDNF levels of the cerebellar tissue in the stress control, CeA150, CeA300 and CeA600 groups were 1217.10±301.40; 771.46±241.45; 757.05±268.29; and 627.00±246.02 pg/mL, respectively. Post-hoc analysis showed a significant difference between the control and treatment groups (p< 0.05). In conclusion, the ethanolic extracts of the C. asiatica (L.) Urb. leaf decrease the cerebellar BDNF levels in rats after chronic stress.
Neurological findings in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review Mawaddah Ar Rochmah; Sekar Satiti; Ismail Setyopranoto; Indra Sari Kusuma Harahap; Desin Pambudi Sejahtera; Dhite Bayu Nugroho; Sri Sutarni
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 52, No 3 (2020): Special Issue: COVID-19
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (313.476 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSciSI005203202010

Abstract

Since the emerging of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in Wuhan, China at the end of 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become pandemic for months. Due to fast increased number of the positive patients with COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 is considered highly pathogenic virus with various clinical presentations. Apart from the typical respiratory symptoms, neurological complains in COVID-19 involving central and peripheral nervous systems have been reported. This paper aimed to review the neurological findings reported in patients with COVID-19. We qualitatively reviewed studies reporting COVID-19 patient(s) with neurological manifestations according to the recommendations of PRISMA statement.There were twelve studies included in this brief review. We found that patients with neurological findings were reported ranging from symptomatic complain of headache and dizziness to specific neurological diseases/syndromes, such as meningitis/encephalitis, acute cerebrovascular diseases, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and Miller Fisher syndrome. This review suggests the possible neurological involvement in COVID-19. We hope to raise the awareness of the health workers in taking care of the patients with COVID-19 and neurological diseases.  
Stroke dan Malnutrisi: Stroke dan Malnutrisi Ar Rochmah, Mawaddah
Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Vol 40 No 1 (2023): Vol 40 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : PERDOSNI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v40i1.507

Abstract

Dalam rangka World Stroke Day yang diperingati setiap tanggal 29 Oktober, editorial kali ini akan membahas terkait stroke. Diperingatinya hari stroke sedunia ini dimaksudkan untuk meningkatkan kewaspadaan masyarakat, baik medis maupun non-medis, terhadap stroke dan bahaya yang mengancamnya. Sudah kita ketahui bahwa stroke merupakan penyakit tidak menular yang angka kejadiannya terus bertambah serta menjadi penyebab ketiga kecacatan dan penyebab kedua kematian secara global menurut data satu tahun terakhir. Oleh karena itu, kewaspadaan terus ditingkatkan dalam upaya pencegahan stroke di tingkat komunitas dengan kampanye hidup sehat dengan Gerakan Masyarakat Sehat (Germas), upaya pengenalan dini gejala stroke dengan kampanye jargon FAST (Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech disturbance, Time to call help) dan SeGeRa Ke RS (Senyum tidak simetris, Gerak separuh anggota tubuh melemah, bicaRa pelo/sulit, Kebas sesisi tubuh, Rabun pandangan, dan Sakit kepala hebat), upaya penanganan stroke secara tepat dan cepat di tingkat Rumah Sakit dengan penggalakan code stroke, upaya monitoring stroke secara intensif selama perawatan akut dengan adanya tim perawatan stroke di unit stroke, upaya rehabilitasi pasien pasca-stroke dengan menggalakkan program neurorestorasi pasca-stroke, dan upaya prevensi sekunder pasien pasca-stroke jangka panjang untuk mencegah stroke ulang dan komplikasi.
Hari Epilepsi Sedunia: Hari Ungu untuk Memberantas Stigma Epilepsi: Memberantas Stigma Epilepsi Ar Rochmah, Mawaddah
Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Vol 40 No 4 (2024): Volume 40, No 4 - September 2024
Publisher : PERDOSNI

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Abstract

World Epilepsy Day (Hari Epilepsi Sedunia), yang juga dikenal sebagai Purple Day (Hari Ungu), dirayakan setiap tahun pada tanggal 26 Maret. Hari ini didedikasikan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran tentang epilepsi, menghilangkan mitos dan stigma, serta menunjukkan dukungan bagi individu penderita epilepsi di seluruh dunia. Hari Ungu dimulai pada tahun 2008 oleh Cassidy Megan, seorang gadis asal Kanada yang ingin mendorong orang untuk berbicara tentang epilepsi dan memberi tahu seluruh penderita epilepsi di dunia bahwa mereka tidak sendirian. Sejak itu, Hari Ungu telah menjadi gerakan global, dengan orang-orang mengenakan ungu dan mengadakan acara untuk menunjukkan solidaritas kepada mereka yang terdampak epilepsy, tidak hanya penderita epilepsi, namun juga keluarga dan kerabat dekat mereka.
C-reactive protein (CRP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as functional outcome predictors in stroke patients Nadhilla, Nyimas Farisa; Gofir, Abdul; Setyawan, Tommy Rachmat; Farida, Siti; Ar Rochmah, Mawaddah
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 56 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v56i3.15893

Abstract

Stroke is a neurologic disorder with high mortality and disability. Its pathophysiology is associated with vascular inflammation. However, studies between vascular inflammatory markers and stroke outcomes are still limited. This study aimed to investigate the association between inflammatory markers and functional outcomes of stroke. This was a retrospective cohort study involving all stroke patients at the Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta from October 2020 to August 2021 who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Mann-Whitney was used for bivariate analysis, followed by multivariate analysis. A total of 269 subjects, with 213 infarcts (79.2%) and 56 hemorrhagic (20.8%) strokes. There were 83 subjects deceased (30.9%), with 66 infarct (31%) and 17 hemorrhagic (30.4%) strokes. High CRP levels had significant and independent associations with worse GCS, ADL, IADL, NIHSS, BI, SSGM, MRS, and higher mortality rates (p < 0.05). High LDH levels had a significant and independent association with worse GCS scores and higher mortality rates (p < 0.05). Sub-analysis showed high CRP and LDH had associations with high mortality rates in infarct (p < 0.001), but only CRP (p = 0.029) had associations with high mortality rates in hemorrhagic. There was no significant association between fibrinogen and procalcitonin with stroke outcomes (p > 0.05). Cox-regression analysis showed CRP>24.5 mg/dL and LDH >300U/L associated with hazard ratios of 3.2 (p < 0.001) and 1.65 (p = 0.026). In conclusion. high CRP and LDH levels are associated with mortality rates in stroke patients.
The effect of Centella asiatica L. Urban. and Curcuma longa L. extracts combination in improving memory performance in stroke model rats and its acute toxicity Abdul Gofir; Mawaddah Ar Rochmah; Samekto Wibowo; Mohammad Hakimi; Mustofa
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.1765

Abstract

Post-stroke cognitive impairment involves memory, visuoconstructional, and spatial dysfunctions. Centella asiatica L. Urban. and Curcuma longa L. are both well-known herbs in South and South-East Asia countries that are believed to possess neuroprotective properties as memory enhancers. This study aimed to investigate the effects of C. asiatica L. Urban. and C. longa L. extracts combination in improving memory performance in stroke model rats and its acute toxicity. Twenty-five Wistar rats underwent transient bilateral common carotid artery occlusion. Y-maze pre-test was performed 24 h after the occlusion. The rats were then divided into five groups i.e. Group 1 received NaCMC dilution, Group 2 received donepezil 0. 7 mg/kg BW/day, and Groups 3, 4, and 5 received the extracts combination with dose of 59; 118; and 236 mg/kg BW/day, respectively. Y-maze post-test was performed 24 h after the last dose had been given. Spontaneous alternation behavior was used as the indicator of working memory measurement. The fixed-dose method according to OECD Guideline was used to estimate the LD50 in acute toxicity testing on Wistar rats. There was a significant difference in the delta spontaneous alternation percentage among groups tested (p<0. 05). Group 1 had significant difference with any other group (compared to Groups 2 to 5; p<0.05). No significant difference could be found between groups of the extracts combination and donepezil group suggesting that the effect is not more inferior nor dose-dependent in improving memory performance. The extracts combination at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg BW did not show related signs of toxicity or mortality in any of the rats during the 14-day observation period. In conclusion, the C. asiatica L. Urban. and C. longa L. extracts combination can improve performance of memory on stroke model animal. According to Globally Harmonized Classification System, the extracts combination can be classified as Category 5/unclassified.
Perkembangan Pendekatan Terapi Myasthenia Gravis Ar Rochmah, Mawaddah
Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Vol 40 No 3 (2024): Volume 40, No 3 - Juni 2024
Publisher : PERDOSNI

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Abstract

Myasthenia gravis (MG) adalah gangguan autoimun kompleks yang memerlukan pendekatan pengobatan multifaset untuk mengelola gejala dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup. Spektrum perawatan berkisar dari terapi simptomatik hingga agen imunosupresif canggih dan intervensi bedah. Editorial ini mengulas berbagai modalitas pengobatan untuk MG, menyoroti mekanisme, aplikasi, dan hasilnya.
Efektivitas Citicoline dalam Terapi Demensia Mawaddah Ar Rochmah; Erupsiana Fitri Indrihapsari; Dhite Bayu Nugroho
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 51 No 1 (2024): Kedokteran Umum
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v51i1.990

Abstract

Background: In the development of pharmacological therapy for dementia, especially Alzheimer's disease, several types of therapy are widely used: acethylcholine esterase inhibitors/AChEI, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors inhibitors, and cholinergic precursor. Aim: To review the evidence on the effectiveness of citicoline supplementation to the standard therapy of dementia to prevent the progression or improve the manifestations of dementia. Methods: A literature search was performed in three following databases: Pubmed, EBSCOhost, Scopus, and Cochrane within the last ten years. Results: Of the 239 articles, five studies were eligible for critical appraisal. Four studies showed a significant mean MMSE score increase in the citicoline + standard therapy group (intervention) compared to the standard therapy group (control) during the follow up period between 3 – 12 months. One study showed a significant mean MMSE score increase of in the intervention group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Oral citicoline supplementation of 1,000 mg/day to the standard therapy showed a positive effect on cognitive function in dementia patients. Critical appraisal of validity and application of the included studies should be considered upon daily clinical application.
HUBUNGAN POLIMORFISME MTHFR c.677C>T DENGAN FUNGSI KOGNITIF PADA PASIEN STROKE ISKEMIK AKUT DI RSUP DR. SARDJITO Haq, Arinal; Gofir, Abdul; Ar Rochmah, Mawaddah; Amelia Nur Vidyanti; Yogik Onky Silvana Wijaya, Yogik Onky Silvana Wijaya
Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Vol 40 No 2 (2024): Vol 40 No 2 (2024): Volume 40, No 2 - Maret 2024
Publisher : PERDOSNI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v40i2.511

Abstract

Introduction: Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular event with cognitive impairment presents as its prevalent manifestation and complication. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is an important enzyme in folate metabolism through an integral process of cellular metabolism in DNA, RNA and protein methylation. MTHFR c.677C>T polymorphism is considered an important genetic risk factor for stroke and cognitive dysfunction in some populations. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the association between the MTHFR c.677C>T polymorphism and cognitive function in acute ischemic stroke patients in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study in 42 consecutive acute ischemic stroke patients. PCR R-FLP was used to examine MTHFR c.677C>T polymorphism. Cognitive function was determined using MoCA-Ina within 24 hours of each patient’s admission, with score 24 is the cut off for cognitive impairment. Results: Of 42 patients, 12 patients (28.6%) showed MTHFR c.677C>T variant. There were 3 patients (25%) with homozygous variant of MTHFR c.677C>T. Cognitive dysfunction was found in 7 patients (16.7%) with MTHFR c.677C>T variant and 18 patients (42.9%) with wild type MTHFR. However, no significant association was found between MTHFR c.677C>T with cognitive function in acute ischemic stroke patients (p=0.921). Discussion: The frequency of MTHFR c.677C>T polymorphism in this study was 28.6% with a quarter of them showing homozygous variant. There was no association between MTHFR c.677C>T polymorphism with cognitive function in acute ischemic stroke patients.
Co-Authors Abdul Gofir Amelia Nur Vidyanti Desby Juananda Desin Pambudi Sejahtera Dhite Bayu Nugroho Dhite Bayu Nugroho Dwi Cahyani Ratna Sari Erupsiana Fitri Indrihapsari Haq, Arinal Indra Sari Kusuma Harahap Ismail Setyopranoto Juananda, Desby Mohammad Hakimi Muhammad Mansyur Romi Muhammad Mansyur Romi Mustofa Nadhilla, Nyimas Farisa Nur Arfian Nur Arfian Samekto Wibowo Sekar Satiti Setyawan, Tommy Rachmat Siti Farida Sri Sutarni Yogik Onky Silvana Wijaya