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All Journal Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Jambe Law Journal Jurnal Suara Keadilan Alauddin Law Development Journal (ALDEV) Jurnal Rechts Vinding : Media Pembinaan Hukum Nasional Bestuurskunde: Journal of Governmental Studies Wicarana Staatsrecht: Jurnal Hukum Kenegaraan dan Politik Islam Jurnal Restorasi Hukum Mahadi : Indonesia Journal of Law Al-Hukama: The Indonesian Journal of Islamic Family Law Jurnal Pengadaan Indonesia Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial Bhinneka Tunggal Ika: Pancasila Jurnal Internasional Berbahasa Indonesia (BTI)
Baskoro, Aji
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Religion Humanities Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences Other

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TANTANGAN HUKUM DAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA DALAM MITIGASI PERUBAHAN IKLIM BERKEADILAN DI D. I. YOGYAKARTA Baskoro, Aji
WICARANA Vol 4 No 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Kantor Wilayah Kementerian Hukum Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57123/wicarana.v4i2.185

Abstract

The Special Region of Yogyakarta, known as a hub of culture and education, faces pressing challenges in addressing climate change driven by intensive economic activities and natural resource exploitation. The impacts of climate change are intrinsically linked to environmental concerns and social justice, disproportionately affecting vulnerable groups such as farmers, urban poor communities and riverbank residents. Adopting a legal and human rights-based framework is crucial to ensuring inclusive and equitable protection for all. This study examines the legal and human rights challenges in mitigating climate change and evaluates the relevance of John Rawls’ theory. Employing a normative juridical method with statute and conceptual approaches, the research combines regulatory analysis with the principles of substantive justice. The findings highlight weak enforcement of environmental laws as a major legal barrier, alongside inadequate protections for vulnerable groups and limited community participation, which hinder progress in achieving human rights objectives. The study underscores the need for enhanced inter-agency coordination, integration of human rights perspectives, and active multi-stakeholder engagement. Prioritizing the protection of vulnerable groups is emphasized as a fundamental aspect of substantive justice. Key recommendations include strengthening legal enforcement, fostering community involvement in policy-making, and advancing research on technological innovation and community-driven solutions.
Repositioning Village Laws: A Strategic Imperative for Strengthening Local Autonomy Baskoro, Aji; Rahmatika, Fyna; Wulandari, Andini Firohmatika
Bhinneka Tunggal Ika: Pancasila Jurnal Internasional Berbahasa Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): VOLUME 2 ISSUE 1, MAY 2025
Publisher : Badan Pembinaan Ideologi Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52738/bti.v2i1.42

Abstract

The implementation of Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning the Formation of Legislation in Indonesia has inadvertently led to the exclusion of village regulations from the national legislative hierarchy. This exclusion has diminished the legal standing of village regulations, thereby undermining the principles of village autonomy. This study, employing a qualitative juridical-normative approach, investigates the urgent need to reposition village regulations within the legislative hierarchy to strengthen local governance and autonomy. Through an analysis of legal documents, academic literature, and relevant legislation, this research identifies three primary justifications for the repositioning of village regulations. Firstly, the formulation process of village regulations reflects the democratic norms and procedures employed by higher levels of government, indicating their inherent legitimacy. Secondly, the authority of village governments to establish norms through regulations constitutes a vital expression of regional autonomy at the grassroots level. Thirdly, the demonstrated effectiveness of village regulations in local implementation underscores their practical significance in community governance. These findings, supported by historical, sociological, and juridical evidence, highlight the urgency of restoring village regulations to their rightful place within the legislative hierarchy. This repositioning is essential not only for bolstering village autonomy but also for promoting effective and responsive governance at the local level, ultimately contributing to a more robust and decentralized governance framework in Indonesia.
ESG DAN TATA KELOLA HILIRISASI CRITICAL MINERALS: MAMPUKAH INFRASTRUKTUR HUKUM INDONESIA MENJAMIN KEBERLANJUTAN DAN KEADILAN? Baskoro, Aji
Jurnal Rechts Vinding: Media Pembinaan Hukum Nasional Vol 14, No 1 (2025): Penguatan Landasan Hukum Hilirisasi Komoditas
Publisher : Badan Pembinaan Hukum Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33331/rechtsvinding.v14i1.2069

Abstract

AbstractThe downstreaming of critical minerals in Indonesia has become a strategic policy to support industrialization and national energy security. However, the implementation of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles in the governance of this sector still faces regulatory and implementation challenges. Policy fragmentation, weak inter-agency coordination, and legal uncertainty pose environmental and social risks that have not been fully addressed. This study analyzes the extent to which Indonesia's legal infrastructure can ensure sustainability and justice in critical minerals downstreaming by employing a normative juridical method with a legislative and conceptual approach. The findings indicate that while ESG regulations have been incorporated into various legal instruments, their effectiveness remains constrained by weak oversight and political and economic interests. Therefore, regulatory harmonization with global ESG standards, strengthening certification mechanisms, and enhancing the role of civil society in industry oversight and accountability are necessary. Additionally, transparency in downstreaming governance must be improved to mitigate negative impacts on the environment and local communities. Further studies are required to explore the effectiveness of ESG implementation at the operational level and comparative research with other countries that have successfully integrated ESG principles into their critical minerals industry.Keywords: downstreaming, critical minerals, Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG), legal infrastructure, sustainable governance.
Digital Twin of Nature: Jurisdictional Challenges of Environmental Monitoring in Cyberspace Baskoro, Aji
Alauddin Law Development Journal (ALDEV) Vol 7 No 3 (2025): Cyber Law and Its Effects to the National Jurisdiction
Publisher : Department of Law, Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/aldev.v7i3.61206

Abstract

The development of digital twin technology enables the creation of virtual representations of ecosystems such as forests, oceans, and the atmosphere for environmental monitoring and disaster mitigation. However, the storage of ecological data on foreign servers raises critical issues of jurisdiction, ownership, and data sovereignty. This study aims to analyze the challenges of national jurisdiction in regulating ecological data ownership and protection, while assessing the role of cyber law as a legal instrument to reinforce state sovereignty over digital ecological assets. Employing a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches, the research draws on primary legal sources, secondary literature, and international reports. The findings reveal a legal vacuum concerning ecological data protection, potential domination by foreign entities, and weak national regulatory capacity. Consequently, strengthening cyber law is essential to expand legal jurisdiction into cyberspace, safeguard eco-digital sovereignty, and promote international cooperation in protecting strategic environmental data.
Between Local Belief and International Norms: Gender Inequality among Marapu Women in Sumba Aristeus, Syprianus; Firdaus; Utami, Penny Naluria; Shahrullah, Rina Shahriyani; Baskoro, Aji; Saadah, Chuzaimatus
Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ahwal.2025.18108

Abstract

Although Indonesia’s legal framework recognizes indigenous religions and upholds gender equality, these principles remain largely unrealized for Marapu women due to the intersection of patriarchal customary systems and state institutional biases. This study explores the persistence of gender inequality among Marapu women.  Employing an empirical socio-legal approach, data were collected through literature review and field research, including in-depth interviews and observations across four regencies of Sumba Island: East, Central, West, and Southwest Sumba. Informants included representatives from government agencies, NGOs, and Marapu community leaders. Findings indicate that while Marapu cosmology symbolically recognizes gender dualism, its social practice sustains male authority in ritual leadership, inheritance, and decision-making. State institutions, through religious and administrative structures, indirectly perpetuate these inequalities by privileging formal religions and patriarchal norms. The study concludes that promoting gender justice for Marapu women requires contextual reforms that integrate cultural reinterpretation, community participation, and inclusive policy frameworks grounded in feminist legal pluralism. [Meskipun kerangka hukum Indonesia telah mengakui keberadaan agama-agama leluhur serta menegaskan prinsip kesetaraan gender, realitasnya prinsip tersebut belum sepenuhnya terwujud bagi perempuan Marapu. Hal ini disebabkan oleh persinggungan antara sistem adat yang patriarkal dengan bias kelembagaan negara yang turut memperkuat posisi subordinat perempuan. Penelitian ini mengkaji ketimpangan gender yang dialami oleh perempuan Marapu penghayat kepercayaan di Sumba. Data diperoleh melalui studi pustaka dan penelitian lapangan yang mencakup wawancara mendalam serta observasi di empat kabupaten di Pulau Sumba: Sumba Timur, Sumba Tengah, Sumba Barat, dan Sumba Barat Daya. Informan terdiri atas perwakilan lembaga pemerintah, organisasi non-pemerintah, serta tokoh dan pemimpin komunitas Marapu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun kosmologi Marapu secara simbolik mengakui dualisme gender, praktik sosialnya tetap mempertahankan dominasi laki-laki dalam kepemimpinan ritual, hak waris, dan pengambilan keputusan. Sementara itu, institusi negara melalui struktur keagamaan dan administrasi turut memperkuat ketimpangan ini dengan memprioritaskan agama formal dan norma patriarkal. Hasil temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keadilan gender bagi perempuan Marapu memerlukan reformasi kontekstual melalui reinterpretasi nilai adat, partisipasi komunitas, serta kebijakan inklusif yang berlandaskan pada pluralisme hukum feminis.]
Tantangan dan Strategi Pengawasan Partisipatif oleh Bawaslu Sleman: Studi Empiris Pilkada Sleman 2024 Baskoro, Aji; Mochamad Adli Wafi
Jurnal Restorasi Hukum Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Restorasi Hukum
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/naqg1k93

Abstract

Participatory election monitoring serves as a crucial instrument to ensure transparency, accountability, and integrity within the democratic process. Although it has been granted a legal foundation through Bawaslu Regulation No. 2 of 2023 on Participatory Monitoring, its implementation at the local level still faces numerous challenges. This study aims to identify both the obstacles and strategies for optimizing participatory election monitoring. Employing an empirical juridical method, it examines the existing legal provisions and their practical application through direct observation and focus group discussions. The study focuses on participatory monitoring practices conducted by Bawaslu Sleman in collaboration with the Center for Democracy, Constitution, and Human Rights Studies (PANDEKHA) across fifteen community forums ahead of the 2024 Simultaneous Regional Elections. The main gap identified lies in the discrepancy between the ideal legal norms and the actual practices of citizen participation, which have yet to become fully institutionalized. Implementation challenges appear in two dimensions: structural and cultural. Structural challenges include difficulties in disseminating electoral materials across diverse social groups, obstacles in managing public reports that often fail to meet legal evidentiary standards, and the absence of safe spaces for whistleblowers. Meanwhile, cultural challenges are related to the low collective awareness of clean election values, permissive attitudes toward vote buying, and limited digital literacy among older voters. The findings reveal that participatory monitoring should be conducted throughout all stages of the election process, not merely during the campaign period. The structural approach emphasizes strengthening regulations, reporting mechanisms, and the capacity of election monitoring institutions, whereas the cultural approach highlights improving political literacy and fostering a more inclusive democratic culture. Pengawasan partisipatif dalam pemilihan umum merupakan instrumen penting untuk memastikan transparansi, akuntabilitas, dan integritas proses demokrasi. Kendati telah memiliki dasar hukum melalui Peraturan Bawaslu No. 2 Tahun 2023 tentang Pengawasan Partisipatif, pelaksanaannya di tingkat lokal masih menghadapi berbagai kendala. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tantangan dan strategi optimalisasi pengawasan partisipatif. Menggunakan metode yuridis empiris, penelitian ini mengkaji ketentuan hukum yang berlaku serta implementasinya melalui observasi langsung dan forum group discussion. Studi dilakukan terhadap pelaksanaan pengawasan partisipatif oleh Bawaslu Sleman bersama Pusat Kajian Demokrasi, Konstitusi, dan HAM (PANDEKHA) di lima belas forum warga menjelang Pilkada Serentak 2024. Celah utama yang ditemukan terletak pada kesenjangan antara norma hukum yang bersifat ideal dengan praktik partisipasi masyarakat yang belum sepenuhnya terinstitusionalisasi. Tantangan implementasi muncul dalam dua dimensi: struktural dan kultural. Tantangan struktural meliputi kesulitan penyampaian materi kepemiluan lintas kelompok sosial, kendala dalam pengelolaan laporan masyarakat yang sering belum memenuhi standar pembuktian hukum, serta belum tersedianya ruang aman bagi pelapor. Sementara itu, tantangan kultural berkaitan dengan rendahnya kesadaran kolektif terhadap nilai pemilu bersih, pandangan permisif terhadap politik uang, dan keterbatasan literasi digital di kalangan pemilih generasi lebih tua. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengawasan partisipatif seharusnya dapat dilakukan di seluruh tahapan pemilu, tidak terbatas pada masa kampanye. Pendekatan struktural menekankan penguatan regulasi, mekanisme pelaporan, dan kapasitas lembaga pemantau pemilu, sementara pendekatan kultural menitikberatkan pada peningkatan literasi politik masyarakat dan pembangunan budaya demokrasi yang lebih inklusif.    
Beyond TRIPS: Reconstructing Communal Intellectual Property Law in Indonesia through Human Rights and Criminal Enforcement Annas, Gilang Kresnanda; Baskoro, Aji; Witro, Doli; Izzuddin, Washif
Jambe Law Journal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Jambi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/mnyp9w52

Abstract

This article examines the structural vulnerabilities in the legal protection of Communal Intellectual Property in Indonesia, focusing on ownership claims, misappropriation, and the limited effectiveness of enforcement mechanisms. While existing scholarship has primarily addressed CIP through intellectual property and human rights perspectives, limited attention has been given to the intersection of doctrinal inconsistencies, weak enforcement, and the absence of criminal law mechanisms. This study employs a doctrinal legal research methodology, integrating statutory, conceptual, historical, and comparative approaches, supported by qualitative analysis. The findings identify three interrelated challenges. First, Indonesia’s CIP regime, influenced by the TRIPS framework, reflects an individualistic and economically oriented paradigm that is incompatible with the collective and intergenerational nature of indigenous knowledge. Second, a persistent doctrinal tension positions the state as the formal rights-holder, thereby weakening the legal standing and autonomy of indigenous communities. Third, the absence of explicit criminal provisions addressing misappropriation, biopiracy, and unauthorized commercialization creates a significant enforcement gap that undermines deterrence and enables continued exploitation. This article argues that violations of CIP should be reconceptualized not merely as economic infringements but as violations of cultural rights and human dignity. It further highlights the lack of criminal accountability as a critical weakness in the current legal framework. By incorporating recent developments in Indonesian criminal law, including the recognition of living law and corporate criminal liability, this study proposes a reconstruction of the CIP regime through a sui generis approach that integrates human rights principles with criminal enforcement to strengthen protection and ensure equitable benefit-sharing
Co-Authors Ahmad, Sabarudin Alghani, Raid Annas, Gilang Kresnanda Anwar, Ahmad Syaifudin Doli Witro Ermawan, Muhammad Zakky Ubaid Firdaus Hofifah, Hofifah Izzuddin, Washif Mochamad Adli Wafi Nasrulloh, Muhammad Penny Naluria Utami, Penny Naluria Rahmatika, Fyna Rina Shahriyani Shahrullah Saadah, Chuzaimatus Syprianus Aristeus, Syprianus Wulandari, Andini Firohmatika