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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia Journal of Natural Product for Degenerative Diseases
Aulena, Desi Nadya
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Toxicity of Sida rhombifolia L. 96% ethanol extract based on LD50 and macropathological examination of mice's organs Aulena, Desi Nadya; Kumala, Shirly; Abdillah, Syamsudin; Rahmat, Deni; Zaidan, Sarah; Fitriyani, Dwi; Raihan, Dany
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol 22 No 1 (2024): JIFI
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v22i1.1463

Abstract

The Indonesian people empirically use Sidaguri (Sida rhombifolia L.) in medicine, such as anti-hyperuricemia. Herbal-based treatment is currently much preferred. Drug metabolism, in general, mainly occurs in the liver, so the possibility of damage to this organ is high. This study aims to determine the acute toxicity category of 96% ethanol extract of sidaguri based on the LD50 value, changes in body weight, changes in organ weight, and macro pathology in the organs of male DDY mice in vivo. The method used in this research was experimental with a fixed dose design following the Indonesian Food and Drug Authority regulations regarding guidelines for in vivo non-clinical toxicity tests. The test group was divided into six dose groups (standard, 50, 300, 2000, 5000, and 15000 mg/kg Body of weight). Observations were made for 24 hours. Observations were continued for 14 days on death parameters, toxicity symptoms, body weight, and relative organ weights using five main organs (heart, lungs, liver, spleen, and kidneys, and pathological examination). The acute toxicity test results showed no death in all dose treatment groups. Macropathological analysis did not show abnormalities in organs in all groups of mice. LD50 value is more than 15000 mg/kg. Sidaguri 96% ethanol extract is safe and Practically non-toxic.
The Effectiveness of Sunscreen Cream with Ethanol Extract of Sungkai Leaves (Peronema canescens Jack) Budiati, Anarisa; Aulena, Desi Nadya; Khirana, Roro Dyah Ayu Chandra; Fitriyani, Dwi
Journal of Natural Product for Degenerative Diseases Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): JNPDD September
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58511/jnpdd.v2i1.7456

Abstract

Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) (PCL) contains flavonoid compounds that can absorb UV light therefore having the potential to be developed as a raw material for cosmetics that functions as a sunscreen. The research aims to formulate PCL extract into a sunscreen cream. Sungkai leaves are macerated using 96% ethanol solvent. Specific and non-specific parameter tests were carried out on the extract as well as antioxidant tests using the DPPH method and SPF tests using the Mansur method. The results of this research showed that 96% ethanol extract of PCL had a blackish-green color, pH 5.25; the ethanol and water-soluble essence levels were 6.25% and 5.17%. The water content obtained is 27.4%; drying shrinkage is 0.46%; total ash content is 0.12% and acid insoluble ash content is 0.1%. The antioxidant value obtained was 35.06 ppm. Three cream formulations were prepared (FI of 0.1753%, FII of 0.3506%, and FIII of 0.5259%) and evaluated for organoleptic, homogeneity, cream type, viscosity, pH, particle size, and spreadability tests for one month at 25℃ and 40℃. The organoleptic test results of the cream have a soft texture, with varying colors; light green (FI), green (FII), and dark green (FIII) color. Other evaluation test results show that the cream has a pH of 5.16 - 6.73, a spreadability of 6.47 - 8.07 cm, a viscosity of 15466.67 - 38933.33 cPs, a particle size of 9.88 - 16.17 µm and an SPF of 17.68 (FI), 27.46 (FII), and 33.64 (FIII) with ultra protection on all three. PCL extract after being formulated into creams shows high SPF activity with F3 as the best formula. PCL extract can be formulated into a cream form that meets physical and chemical quality parameters.
Penentuan Kadar Flavonoid dan Aktivitas Anti-Inflamasi Ekstrak Dan Fraksi Daun Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) Aulena, Desi Nadya; Yani, Dwi Fitri; Mariyamah, Mariyamah; Tondi, Muhammad Lufika; Dandi, Muhammad; Wahyudin, Hafis Kiki; Raihan, Dany
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol 21 No 2 (2023): JIFI
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v21i2.1437

Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 virus is the infectious agent that causes COVID-19, a feverish condition brought on by inflammation in the infected patient’s body. Sungkai leaf (Peronema canescens Jack) is one of the Indonesian people who rely on herbal remedies to treat COVID-19. This study aims to determine how much flavonoids are present in ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts, as well as the anti-inflammatory properties of ethanol extract, ethanol fraction, and n-hexane fraction of Sungkai leaves. The procedure was performed in-vitro with a UV-Visible spectrophotometer by observing the absorption response to inhibition of denaturation of inflammatory protein. The inhibition value was then computed via linear regression, and the IC50 and IC70 values were ascertained afterward. The ethanol fraction, ethanol extract, and n-hexane fraction in this investigation had the best inhibition values (%) at a concentration of 15 ppm, corresponding to 74.27%, 54.48%, and 18.52%. The sungkai leaves ethanol fraction > n-hexane fraction > ethanol extract had the best IC50 and IC70 values. Comparatively, the ethanol extract contained the largest amounts of flavonoids, 38.782 μg/mL.
Co-Authors . Syamsudin Budiati, Anarisa Dandi, Muhammad Desya, Pratami Dwi Fitriyani, Dwi Indarwati Indarwati Khirana, Roro Dyah Ayu Chandra Mariyamah, Mariyamah RAHMAT, DENI Raihan, Dany Risma Marisi Tambunan, Risma Marisi Shirly Kumala Sugiastuti, Fenty Tondi, Muhammad Lufika Wahyudin, Hafis Kiki Yani, Dwi Fitri Zaidan, Sarah