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All Journal Pharmaciana: Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia Natural Research Pharmaceutical Journal (INRPJ)
Purwaniati, Purwaniati
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology

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PENETAPAN KADAR NITRIT (NO2-) PADA BAWANG MERAH (Allium cepa L.) MENGGUNAKAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI SINAR TAMPAK Emawati, Emma; Purwaniati, Purwaniati; Krismonika, Mia
INDONESIA NATURAL RESEARCH PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL Vol 6, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Jakarta

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Abstract

Bawang merah merupakan umbi yang banyak dimanfaatkan masyarakat Indonesia baik sebagai bahan makanan maupun obat tradisional karena kandungan senyawa yang dimilikinya. Selain senyawa bermanfaat, bawang merah juga memiliki senyawa berbahaya bagi tubuh yaitu nitrit (NO2-). Nitrit yang berlebih dalam tubuh menyebabkan pembentukan methemoglobin sehingga menyebabkan kurangnya asupan oksigen dalam tubuh. Untuk menjamin keamanan pangan, pemerintah mengatur batas aman nitrit melalui ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) dan menetapkan sebesar 0–0,06 mg/Kg BB. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui jumlah nitrit dalam sampel bawang merah sesuai dengan ADI. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode spektrofotometri sinar tampak dengan pereaksi griess yang didasarkan pada reaksi diazotasi antara asam nitrit dengan amin aromatis primer yang akan membentuk garam diazonium. Validasi metode dilakukan dengan beberapa parameter seperti liniertitas dengan nilai R2 =0,9886, BD= 0,1908 µg/mL, BK= 0,6360 µg/mL, akurasi dengan nilai % recovery konsentrasi 0,6 µg/mL =115,625 %, 0,8 µg/mL =104,524 % dan 1 µg/mL =118,175%,  presisi dengan nilai % koefisien variasi hari ke 1= 4,7468% ke 2= 3,6314%, ke 3= 1,1704% dan uji selektivitas menunjukkan metode selektif untuk nitrit. Penetapan kadar nitrit pada sampel bawang merah  diperoleh rata-rata sebesar 4,0337 µg/g .
In silico study of Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) compounds from GC-MS and LC-MS/MS as alpha-glucosidase and DPP-4 enzyme inhibitor Kusriani, Herni; Purwaniati, Purwaniati; Bintang, Muhamad Ilham
Pharmaciana Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/pharmaciana.v14i3.26643

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia, impaired insulin secretion, and insulin action. To overcome this disease, some people treat it with natural ingredients. Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) is reported to have a wide range of pharmacological activities, one of which is anti-diabetic. Sambiloto showed activity in lowering blood glucose which has the potential as an antidiabetic. Computational methods, such as molecular docking, can increase the effectiveness and reduce the cost of searching for new active compounds. The purpose of this study was to determine the component compounds contained in the ethanol extract of Sambiloto and obtain the potential compounds to inhibit the alpha-glucosidase and DPP-4 enzymes as anti-diabetics with molecular docking method. Sambiloto leaves were macerated for 3 x 24 hours using ethanol 96% as a solvent and concentrated with an evaporator. Sambiloto extract was analyzed using LC-MS, and GC-MS. In-silico analysis includes geometry optimization and molecular docking methods. Preparation of the test ligands was carried out by the ChemBioDraw Ultra and ChemBio3D applications, then optimization by Gaussian 09 application. The crystal structures of the target proteins used were those with PDB ID 5NN8 for alpha-glucosidase and 2QOE for DPP-4. Molecular docking was performed using Autodock 4.2.3 application. From analysis with LC- MS/MS and GC-MS methods, 18 compounds were identified. Molecular docking was performed on the identified compounds. The results of molecular docking showed that the compound S17 (11-(P- Bromoanilino)-5H-Dibenzo [B,E] [1,4] Diazepine), S1 (andrographolide) and S2 (andrographanin) have the potential to inhibit the activity of alpha-glucosidase enzyme; on the other hand S17 (11-(P-Bromoanilino)-5H-Dibenzo [B,E][1,4]Diazepine) and S5 (andrographolactone) have the potential to inhibit the activity of DPP-4 enzyme. These compounds have the potential to inhibit alpha- glucosidase and DPP-4 enzymes which act as antidiabetics.
Co-Authors Bintang, Muhamad Ilham Emma Emawati, Emma Krismonika, Mia