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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan
Kadhom, Mohammed
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Enhanced UV Resistance of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Through Schiff Base and Metal Oxide Nanoparticle Incorporation Hussein, Ahmed; Yousif, Emad; Rasheed, Malath; Ahmed, Dina; Bufaroosha, Muna; Kadhom, Mohammed
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.97173

Abstract

In this work, a novel poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) material was prepared by incorporating Schiff base and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs). Hence, different polymer derivatives were produced, and their resistance to light degradation was improved. PMMA was subjected to chemical modification, first by reacting PMMA with an excess of ethylene diamine to reduce the occurrence of cross-linking. Second, it underwent a reaction with the amino group of 4-methoxybenzaldehyde to produce Schiff base molecules. These molecules were subsequently infused with various metal oxide NPs, namely: TiO2, CuO, Cr2O3, Co2O3, and NiO to work as photostabilizers and prepare modified PMMA films. The synthesized polymers were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and NMR spectroscopy to confirm their structures and determine the extent of structural alterations. FTIR and weight loss measurements assessed modified PMMA's UV stabilization. The effectiveness of functional groups was assessed by monitoring their growth. Additional analyses were done included atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and microscopic imaging. Unmodified PMMA performed worse than Schiff base polymers. The modified PMMA photodegraded less than the blank films after 300 h of UV exposure. The unit's strong internal conjugation absorbs UV light, which improves performance.
Definisi Ketidakstabilan Mikrosatelit pada Kanker: apa yang harus diketahui Abdallah, Mays Talib; Al-Shakarchi, Ola E; Hussein, Asmaa A; Abdulmuttaleb, Mohammed Essam; Alsammarraie, Ahmed Zuhair; Aziz, Ismail H; Dawood, Noor Jabbar; Kadhom, Mohammed
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 8 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2025.v8.98-110

Abstract

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is the result of flaws in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system that cause insertions or deletions in repetitive DNA sequences known as microsatellites. A hallmark of Lynch syndrome, MSI affects 8–22% of sporadic cancers, including colorectal, gastric, and endometrial carcinomas. Clinically, MSI predicts immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment; MSI-high (MSI-H) tumors show better response rates than others. Treatment results, prognosis, and chemotherapy sensitivity among MSI-H patients show notable variation, though.  Next-generation sequencing (NGS), which concurrently evaluates tumor mutational burden (TMB) and actionable mutations, immunohistochemistry (IHC) for MMR protein loss, and PCR-based fragment analysis, defines MSI detection. Although IHC is affordable for Lynch screening, NGS provides more extensive genomic profiling. Though they need verification, new technologies such as artificial intelligence-based histomorphological analysis and single-molecule molecular inversion probes (smMIPs) are encouraging. The prognostic effect of MSI differs by cancer kind and stage. MSI-H in early-stage colorectal cancer (CRC) is linked to better survival, but less advantage from 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. Confounding variables like BRAF mutations cloud the prognostic function in metastatic CRC. Apart from CRC, MSI-H forecasts good results in prostate, gastric, and ovarian cancers but a bad prognosis in breast cancer. Emphasizing its dual function as a diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarker, this paper combines MSI's molecular mechanisms, detection techniques, and clinical relevance. Among the difficulties are test standardization and immunotherapy response heterogeneity resolution. Future studies should look at liquid biopsies and combination treatments to maximize precision cancer driven by MSI.
Emerging Threats in the Age of Pandemics: A Focus on COVID-19 and the Novel Sub-Variant EG 5 ("Eris"): Review Article Alsayed, Raghda; Thamer, Hamsa; Hameed, Seenar; Kadhom, Mohammed; Hairunisa, Nany; Amalia, Husnun; Mashabi, Yasmine; Ahmed, Dina; Mahdi, Sarah; Husain, Amani; Salman, Israa; Yousif, Emad
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 7 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2024.v7.262-267

Abstract

This paper draws attention to a recently identified sub-variant of SARS-CoV-2 known as EG 5, colloquially named "Eris," designated by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a variant of interest. The organization has urged nations to monitor and respond to the spread of this sub-variant since its identification on February 17, 2023. The discovery of the EG 5 variant, a sublineage of the Omicron variant, has introduced new challenges. Designated a "variant of interest" by the WHO, EG 5 carries distinctive genetic mutations, including an additional F456L amino acid mutation in the spike protein. Global prevalence has doubled, raising concerns about increased transmissibility. Although specific symptoms of EG 5 are not yet fully characterized, the variant has spread to 51 countries, with over 7,000 reported cases by August 15, 2023. The manuscript also explores the unique situation in Iraq, where, as of August 17, 2023, no EG 5 cases have been officially recorded. However, challenges such as self-treatment at. As the world grapples with the ongoing challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic, understanding the dynamics of emerging variants is crucial for effective public health responses and the development of targeted interventions.
Co-Authors Abdallah, Mays Talib Abdulmuttaleb, Mohammed Essam Ahmed, Dina Al-Shakarchi, Ola E Alsammarraie, Ahmed Zuhair Alsayed, Raghda Aziz, Ismail H Bufaroosha, Muna Dawood, Noor Jabbar Hairunisa, Nany Hameed, Seenar Husain, Amani Husnun Amalia, Husnun Hussein, Ahmed Hussein, Asmaa A Mahdi, Sarah Mashabi, Yasmine Rasheed, Malath Salman, Israa Thamer, Hamsa Yousif, Emad