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The Effectiveness of Apu Wood Plants (Pistia stratiotes) in Reducing Detergents in Water Suwardy, Moch; Sambali, Hariyani; Rumampuk, Natalie Detty C.; Pangemanan, Novie Pankie Lukas; Sumilat, Deiske A.; Singkoh, Marina Flora Oktavine
Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v13i2.65931

Abstract

This study aims to (1) evaluate the concentration of detergents in the water of the Dayanan River, (2) analyze the ability of Pistia stratiotes to reduce detergents, and (3) evaluate the effect of phytoremediation media on the physiological response of carp (Cyprinus carpio). The study used a Complete Random Design (RAL) with a plant contact time treatment of 3 and 6 days on two types of media (river water and well water + 10 mg/L detergent), as well as three replicas. Detergent analysis was carried out using the SNI 06-6989.51-2005 spectrophotometry method. The results showed that the highest concentration of detergent in the Dayanan River was found in the middle (0.0497 mg/L). Pistia stratiotes effectively reduced detergent significantly (p = 0.025) with optimal time on the third day. The fish response showed an increase in the frequency of operculum opening on the third day (p = 0.004) and no mortality was found for 48 hours. These results prove that Pistia stratiotes is effectively used as a natural biofilter to reduce the detergent content in waters. Keywords: detergent, Pistia stratiotes, phytoremediation, common carp (Cyprinus carpio), Dayanan River Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengevaluasi konsentrasi detergen dalam air Sungai Dayanan, (2) menganalisis kemampuan Pistia stratiotes dalam mereduksi detergen, dan (3) mengevaluasi efek media hasil fitoremediasi terhadap respon fisiologis ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio). Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan waktu kontak tanaman 3 dan 6 hari pada dua jenis media (air sungai dan air sumur + detergen 10 mg/L), serta tiga ulangan. Analisis detergen dilakukan menggunakan metode spektrofotometri SNI 06-6989.51-2005. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi detergen tertinggi di Sungai Dayanan terdapat pada bagian tengah (0,0497 mg/L). Pistia stratiotes efektif mereduksi detergen secara signifikan (p = 0,025) dengan waktu optimal pada hari ketiga. Respon ikan menunjukkan peningkatan frekuensi bukaan operkulum pada hari ketiga (p = 0,004) dan tidak ditemukan mortalitas selama 48 jam. Hasil ini membuktikan bahwa Pistia stratiotes efektif digunakan sebagai biofilter alami untuk menurunkan kandungan detergen di perairan. Kata kunci: detergen, Pistia stratiotes, fitoremediasi, ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio), Sungai Dayanan
Dynamic Occupancy, Temporal Activity and Distribution Pattern of The Sulawesi Palm Civet (Macrogalidia musschenbroekii) in Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park Patandung, Alfons; Saroyo; Singkoh, Marina Flora Oktavine; Rahman, Arief; Rahmanita, Dini
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol. 15 No. 3 (2025): JURNAL BIOS LOGOS
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jbl.v15i3.65690

Abstract

The Sulawesi Palm Civet (Macrogalidia musschenbroekii) is the only endemic carnivore on Sulawesi and a key mesopredator within Wallacean forest ecosystems. Despite its conservation significance, empirical information on its population dynamics and habitat associations remains limited. This study analyzes four consecutive years of camera‑trap monitoring (2021–2024) in Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park to evaluate occupancy patterns, environmental drivers, and temporal activity. Using a Bayesian dynamic occupancy framework, we estimated annual occupancy (ψ), detection probability (p), colonization (γ), and local extinction (ε), while examining the influence of elevation, slope, and additional landscape covariates. A consistent sampling effort of 49–50 cameras per year yielded 3,446–4,047 trap nights annually, with low but stable detection rates. Occupancy declined markedly from 0.86 in 2021 to 0.51 in 2024. Elevation and slope emerged as the strongest predictors of occupancy, indicating a preference for mid‑elevation forest habitats. Colonization (0.364–0.654) and extinction probabilities (0.286–0.587) exhibited high interannual variability, suggesting a metapopulation‑like dynamic influenced by habitat fragmentation and environmental instability. Temporal activity analysis revealed predominantly nocturnal and crepuscular behavior, consistent across years. These findings provide the most comprehensive ecological assessment of sulawesi palm civet to date and highlight the species’ sensitivity to habitat degradation. Long‑term monitoring, protection of montane forest corridors, and community‑based conservation programs are recommended to ensure long‑term persistence.
Molecular Identification of Symbiont Bacteria on Brown Alga Padina australis Hauck Singkoh, Marina Flora Oktavine; Kuron, Sebrina; Umboh, Stella Deiby; Katili, Deidy Yulius; Kolondam, Beivy; Tangapo, Agustina
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 12 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v12i1.11978

Abstract

The research aimed to identify the symbiont bacteria in brown alga Padina australis from the coastal waters of Molas, Manado city, Indonesia. Fresh samples were crushed with a mortar and pestle until smooth. A total of 1 g of the smooth alga was added into a test tube containing 9 mL of distilled water to obtain a 10-1 dilution. Next, 1 mL of a 10-1 solution was put into another test tube containing 9 mL of distilled water and vortexed for 15 minutes to obtain 10-2 dilution and so on until a 10-8 solution was obtained. 100 μL of solution from each series 10-4 – 10-8 was spread on NA media and incubated at a temperature of 27–29°C for 24 hours. DNA extraction was carried out following the modified Genomic DNA Mini Kit (Geneaid) protocol. DNA amplification was carried out using the 16S rRNA gene. Amplification using primers for the 16S rRNA gene BKXF (forward) and BKXR (reverse) resulted in fragments 1152 base pairs in length. The results of BLAST analysis of SK1 symbiont bacterial isolates found a Max score and total score of 1369, a query coverage of 97%, and a Percent Ident of 97.73%, which showed similarity to bacterial nucleotides of Bacillus cereus.
The Potential Toxicity of Animal Oils to Pathogenic Fungi Nila Fish (Oreochromis niloticus) Katili, Deidy Y; Singkoh, Marina Flora Oktavine; Rondonuwu, Frans Bernhard; Umboh, Stella Deiby; Langoy , Marnix L D; Montong, Vivi B
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL BIOS LOGOS
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jbl.v15i2.63830

Abstract

Nila is a type of freshwater fish that has high economic value, as a source of animal protein for the community, and is an important commodity in the freshwater fish business. Nila is also one of the main commodities that contributes to the increase in aquaculture production. Nila farming often faces the problem of declining yields due to diseases. One of the diseases that is very detrimental to freshwater fish is diseases caused by fungi. The purpose of this study is to test the toxicity of animal oil in inhibiting the growth of Nila pathogenic fungi. Isolation of pathogenic fungi in fish is carried out by cutting the infected parts (scales, fins, and gills) with a size of about 1x1cm. After pure culture is carried out on each pathogenic fungus, then macroscopic and microscopic identification is carried out. Animal oil (lard oil) is taken in the market that is already available. Animal oil is made in four concentration series, namely 25ppm, 50ppm, 75ppm, and 100ppm and control (0ppm). The toxicity test was carried out in vitro using the toxic bait method, which was carried out by growing Nila pathogenic fungi inoculum on PDA media that had been mixed with animal oil. The results of animal fungicide toxicity testing in 5 treatments (A= control – E= 100 ppm) obtained the diameter of pathogenic fungal colonies (5 pathogenic fungi) ranging from 2.88 cm – 6.82 cm. Animal oil fungicides can affect pathogenic fungi in fish, this can be seen in pathogenic fungi Aspergillus sp. which has a relative resistance of 49% (100 ppm), the category is quite influential with a colony diameter of 3.5 cm and in the pathogenic fungus Mucor sp. With a relative resistance of 56% (100 ppm), the category is quite influential with a colony diameter of 2.88 cm.