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Meta-Analysis: Factors Related with Premarital Sexual Behavior in Adolescents Tyas, Aktif Cahyaning; Zahro, Hallisa'tu; Salsabila, Putri Fortuna; Ismail, Aem; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2024.09.03.03

Background: Premarital sexual behavior is a sexual activity carried out before marriage. Premarital sexual behavior is a health priority in adolescents because it causes unwanted pregnancies, abortions, STIs, HIV/AIDS and even death. Parents, peers, community environment, economic and cultural conditions influence premarital sexual behavior. This study aims to analyze the effect of peers, smoking behavior, alcohol consumption, exposure to pornography and rural areas on premarital sexual behavior in adolescents. Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis of study articles. Data obtained from databases including Google Schoolar, Pubmed and Science Direct. Article search was carried out by considering eligibility criteria with the PICO model. Population: adolescents. Intervention: high peer pressure, smoking behavior, alcohol consumption, exposure to pornography, and rural areas. Comparation: low peer pressure, non-smoking, no alcohol consumption, no exposure to pornography, and urban areas. Outcome: premarital sexual behavior. The articles were collected with keywords including "Peer Pressure" AND "Smoking" AND "Alcohol Compsumtion" AND "Pornography Exposure" AND "Rural" OR "Premarital Sexual Behavior" AND "Cross Sectional Study". Study articles were collected with PRISMA flow diagrams and analyzed using Review Manager 5.3 application. Results: The results of the meta-analysis indicated that adolescents were influenced by premarital sexual behavior in the presence of high peer pressure (aOR= 3.57; CI95%= 1.38 to 9.26; p<0.001), smoking behavior (aOR= 1.17; CI95%= 0.63 to 2.16; p<0.001), alcohol consumption (aOR=2.11; CI95%=1.34 to 3.33; p<0.001), and exposure to pornography (aOR= 2.43; CI95%= 1.44 to 4.09; p<0.001). Conclusion: Adolescent premarital sexual behavior increases with high peer pressure, smoking, alcohol consumption, and exposure to pornography.

Psychological Factors and Social Support in Adolescents with Suicidal Ideation: A Meta-Analysis Nisriina, Zain Nadaa; Pakanna, Epin; Murti, Bhisma; Ismail, Aem
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2025.10.01.03

Background: According to World Health Organization (WHO) data, as of August 28, 2023, there are more than 700,000 deaths due to suicide every year and the fourth highest cause of death in 18-29 years old is suicide. Studies report that psychological conditions and social support are risk factors for the emergence of suicidal ideation in adolescents. This study aimed to analyze and estimate the effect of psychological determinants (anxiety, loneliness, and depression), gender, and social support on suicidal ideation in adolescents. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis with PICO model. Population: adolescents. Intervention: women, psychological determinants (anxiety, loneliness, and depression), and social support. Comparison: men, no anxiety, no loneliness, no depression, no social support. Outcome: suicidal ideation. The basic data used involves Google Scholar, PubMed, BMC, ScienceDirect, and Springer Link. The inclusion criteria are full-text articles with cross-sectional studies, published from 2018-2023, reported aOR. Data analysis using the Review Manager 5.3. Results: Meta-analysis was carried out on 16 primary studies from various countries, namely Ethiopia, Nepal, the United States, India, Slovenia, South Korea, Nigeria, Jamaica, China, the Netherlands, and Greece. Suicidal ideation decreased in male adolescents (aOR= 0.95; 95% CI= 0.73 to 1.24; p= 0.700) and strong social support (aOR= 0.84; 95% CI = 0.76 to 0.93; p <0.001). Loneliness (aOR= 2.86; 95% CI= 1.38 to 5.96; p= 0.005), anxiety (aOR= 2.46; 95% CI= 1.58 to 3.84; p<0.001), and depression (aOR= 5.46; 95% CI= 3.43 to 8.70; p<0.001) increased the risk of suicidal ideation. Conclusion: Suicidal ideation decreases in male adolescents and strong social support. It increases with loneliness, anxiety, and depression increase the risk of suicidal ideation.

The Associations between Attitude and Quitting Smoking in Adult Smokers: A Meta-Analysis Firdaus, Anisah; Indah, Lestari; Murti, Bhisma; Ismail, Aem
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2025.10.01.05

Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), by 2025, tobacco control initiatives are expected to reduce the prevalence rate of tobacco throughout the WHO region. Recent assessments of smoking epidemics over the past half-century show a decrease in overall smoking prevalence among adult males (32.2% to 33.1%) and females (6.3% to 6.7%). The effectiveness of all these smoking cessation programs depends on knowing the factors that affect smokers. Factors such as sociodemographic factors, attitudes, and environment play an important role in the desire to quit smoking This study aimed to determine the influence of attitudes on the likelihood of quitting smoking in adults. Subjects and Method: Systematic review and meta-analysis using prism flow diagrams and PICO format. Population: Adult smokers. Intervention: attitudes of likelihood of quitting smoking, smoking Outcome: Smoking cessation behavior in adults. The online databases used are Google Scholar, BMC, ScienceDirect, and Springer Link with the words smoking cessation, attitude to quit smoking, cross sectional and aOR. There were 9 cross sectional studies published in 2019-2023. The analysis was performed with RevMan 5.3. Results: This meta-analysis included 9 cross-sectional studies from the Hadiyah Zone, Southern Ethiopia, Bhubaneswar, India, Hanoi, Vietnam, United States, Saudi Arabia, England, Taiwan, Beirut, Lebanon and Qatar. The number of samples is 12,526. Smokers with positive attitudes were 1.28 times more likely to quit smoking than negative attitudes, and the effect was statistically significant (aOR= 1.28; CI 95%= 0.84 to 1.95; p= 0.260). Conclusion: Positive attitudes increase the likelihood of smokers quitting smoking. Keywords: quit smoking, attitudes, smokers, cross sectional, aOR.

Meta-Analysis: The Effect of Social Capital on Depression in Elderly Widyarahma, Amanda; Mufidah, Naili Zahroton; Afandi, Agil Rafi’ah; Murti, Bhisma; Ismail, Aem
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2025.10.01.10

Background: According to WHO (2022), 14% of adults >60 years live with depression which accounts for 10.6% of total disability in the elderly. Depression is associated with an increased risk of premature death, with a potential reduction in life expectancy of around 10 years. Studies report that strengthening social capital can be an effective strategy in preventing and managing depression in the elderly. This study aims to analyze the influence of social capital on depression in the elderly. Subjects and Method: This research is a meta-analysis of the PICO model. Population: elderly. Intervention: high social participation, high social cohesion, high reciprocity, high social trust and high social network. Comparison: low social participation, low social cohesion, low reciprocity, low social trust and low social network. Outcome: depression. The data used involves Google Scholar, PubMed, BMC, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, and Springer Link. Inclusion criteria were full-text articles with a cross-sectional study design using multivariate analysis that included OR values and were published from 2014-2023. Data analysis using the Review Manager 5.3 application. Results: The meta-analysis included 17 cross-sectional studies from Korea, Spain, Japan, Taiwan, the Netherlands, China, and Myanmar. The results showed that the incidence of depression decreased with high social participation (aOR= 0.78; 95% CI= 0.61–1.00; p= 0.050), high social cohesion (aOR= 0.84; 95% CI= 0.72 – 0.99; p= 0.030), high reciprocity (aOR= 0.75; 95% CI= 0.63 – 0.90; p= 0.020), and high social trust (aOR= 0.52; 95% CI= 0.41 – 0.66; p<0.001). Social networks reduce the risk of depression but were not statistically significant a(OR= 0.71; CI 95%= 0.31 – 1.59; p= 0.400). Conclusion: Social participation, social cohesion, reciprocity, and social trust have an effect on reducing the risk of depression in the elderly.

Meta-Analysis: Factors Related with Premarital Sexual Behavior in Adolescents Tyas, Aktif Cahyaning; Zahro, Hallisa'tu; Salsabila, Putri Fortuna; Ismail, Aem; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2024.09.03.03

Background: Premarital sexual behavior is a sexual activity carried out before marriage. Premarital sexual behavior is a health priority in adolescents because it causes unwanted pregnancies, abortions, STIs, HIV/AIDS and even death. Parents, peers, community environment, economic and cultural conditions influence premarital sexual behavior. This study aims to analyze the effect of peers, smoking behavior, alcohol consumption, exposure to pornography and rural areas on premarital sexual behavior in adolescents. Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis of study articles. Data obtained from databases including Google Schoolar, Pubmed and Science Direct. Article search was carried out by considering eligibility criteria with the PICO model. Population: adolescents. Intervention: high peer pressure, smoking behavior, alcohol consumption, exposure to pornography, and rural areas. Comparation: low peer pressure, non-smoking, no alcohol consumption, no exposure to pornography, and urban areas. Outcome: premarital sexual behavior. The articles were collected with keywords including "Peer Pressure" AND "Smoking" AND "Alcohol Compsumtion" AND "Pornography Exposure" AND "Rural" OR "Premarital Sexual Behavior" AND "Cross Sectional Study". Study articles were collected with PRISMA flow diagrams and analyzed using Review Manager 5.3 application. Results: The results of the meta-analysis indicated that adolescents were influenced by premarital sexual behavior in the presence of high peer pressure (aOR= 3.57; CI95%= 1.38 to 9.26; p<0.001), smoking behavior (aOR= 1.17; CI95%= 0.63 to 2.16; p<0.001), alcohol consumption (aOR=2.11; CI95%=1.34 to 3.33; p<0.001), and exposure to pornography (aOR= 2.43; CI95%= 1.44 to 4.09; p<0.001). Conclusion: Adolescent premarital sexual behavior increases with high peer pressure, smoking, alcohol consumption, and exposure to pornography.

Psychological Factors and Social Support in Adolescents with Suicidal Ideation: A Meta-Analysis Nisriina, Zain Nadaa; Pakanna, Epin; Murti, Bhisma; Ismail, Aem
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2025.10.01.03

Background: According to World Health Organization (WHO) data, as of August 28, 2023, there are more than 700,000 deaths due to suicide every year and the fourth highest cause of death in 18-29 years old is suicide. Studies report that psychological conditions and social support are risk factors for the emergence of suicidal ideation in adolescents. This study aimed to analyze and estimate the effect of psychological determinants (anxiety, loneliness, and depression), gender, and social support on suicidal ideation in adolescents. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis with PICO model. Population: adolescents. Intervention: women, psychological determinants (anxiety, loneliness, and depression), and social support. Comparison: men, no anxiety, no loneliness, no depression, no social support. Outcome: suicidal ideation. The basic data used involves Google Scholar, PubMed, BMC, ScienceDirect, and Springer Link. The inclusion criteria are full-text articles with cross-sectional studies, published from 2018-2023, reported aOR. Data analysis using the Review Manager 5.3. Results: Meta-analysis was carried out on 16 primary studies from various countries, namely Ethiopia, Nepal, the United States, India, Slovenia, South Korea, Nigeria, Jamaica, China, the Netherlands, and Greece. Suicidal ideation decreased in male adolescents (aOR= 0.95; 95% CI= 0.73 to 1.24; p= 0.700) and strong social support (aOR= 0.84; 95% CI = 0.76 to 0.93; p <0.001). Loneliness (aOR= 2.86; 95% CI= 1.38 to 5.96; p= 0.005), anxiety (aOR= 2.46; 95% CI= 1.58 to 3.84; p<0.001), and depression (aOR= 5.46; 95% CI= 3.43 to 8.70; p<0.001) increased the risk of suicidal ideation. Conclusion: Suicidal ideation decreases in male adolescents and strong social support. It increases with loneliness, anxiety, and depression increase the risk of suicidal ideation.

The Associations between Attitude and Quitting Smoking in Adult Smokers: A Meta-Analysis Firdaus, Anisah; Indah, Lestari; Murti, Bhisma; Ismail, Aem
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2025.10.01.05

Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), by 2025, tobacco control initiatives are expected to reduce the prevalence rate of tobacco throughout the WHO region. Recent assessments of smoking epidemics over the past half-century show a decrease in overall smoking prevalence among adult males (32.2% to 33.1%) and females (6.3% to 6.7%). The effectiveness of all these smoking cessation programs depends on knowing the factors that affect smokers. Factors such as sociodemographic factors, attitudes, and environment play an important role in the desire to quit smoking This study aimed to determine the influence of attitudes on the likelihood of quitting smoking in adults. Subjects and Method: Systematic review and meta-analysis using prism flow diagrams and PICO format. Population: Adult smokers. Intervention: attitudes of likelihood of quitting smoking, smoking Outcome: Smoking cessation behavior in adults. The online databases used are Google Scholar, BMC, ScienceDirect, and Springer Link with the words smoking cessation, attitude to quit smoking, cross sectional and aOR. There were 9 cross sectional studies published in 2019-2023. The analysis was performed with RevMan 5.3. Results: This meta-analysis included 9 cross-sectional studies from the Hadiyah Zone, Southern Ethiopia, Bhubaneswar, India, Hanoi, Vietnam, United States, Saudi Arabia, England, Taiwan, Beirut, Lebanon and Qatar. The number of samples is 12,526. Smokers with positive attitudes were 1.28 times more likely to quit smoking than negative attitudes, and the effect was statistically significant (aOR= 1.28; CI 95%= 0.84 to 1.95; p= 0.260). Conclusion: Positive attitudes increase the likelihood of smokers quitting smoking. Keywords: quit smoking, attitudes, smokers, cross sectional, aOR.

Meta-Analysis: The Effect of Social Capital on Depression in Elderly Widyarahma, Amanda; Mufidah, Naili Zahroton; Afandi, Agil Rafi’ah; Murti, Bhisma; Ismail, Aem
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2025.10.01.10

Background: According to WHO (2022), 14% of adults >60 years live with depression which accounts for 10.6% of total disability in the elderly. Depression is associated with an increased risk of premature death, with a potential reduction in life expectancy of around 10 years. Studies report that strengthening social capital can be an effective strategy in preventing and managing depression in the elderly. This study aims to analyze the influence of social capital on depression in the elderly. Subjects and Method: This research is a meta-analysis of the PICO model. Population: elderly. Intervention: high social participation, high social cohesion, high reciprocity, high social trust and high social network. Comparison: low social participation, low social cohesion, low reciprocity, low social trust and low social network. Outcome: depression. The data used involves Google Scholar, PubMed, BMC, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, and Springer Link. Inclusion criteria were full-text articles with a cross-sectional study design using multivariate analysis that included OR values and were published from 2014-2023. Data analysis using the Review Manager 5.3 application. Results: The meta-analysis included 17 cross-sectional studies from Korea, Spain, Japan, Taiwan, the Netherlands, China, and Myanmar. The results showed that the incidence of depression decreased with high social participation (aOR= 0.78; 95% CI= 0.61–1.00; p= 0.050), high social cohesion (aOR= 0.84; 95% CI= 0.72 – 0.99; p= 0.030), high reciprocity (aOR= 0.75; 95% CI= 0.63 – 0.90; p= 0.020), and high social trust (aOR= 0.52; 95% CI= 0.41 – 0.66; p<0.001). Social networks reduce the risk of depression but were not statistically significant a(OR= 0.71; CI 95%= 0.31 – 1.59; p= 0.400). Conclusion: Social participation, social cohesion, reciprocity, and social trust have an effect on reducing the risk of depression in the elderly.

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