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Implementation of the Presumption of Innocence Principle in Civil Procedure Law Risa Amara; Putri Anggraeni Muslimah; Nafisa Sukma Dewi; Tegar Harbriyana Putra
JUSTICES: Journal of Law Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): Progressive and Critical Law Review
Publisher : Perkumpulan Dosen Fakultas Agama Islam Indramayu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58355/justices.v4i3.199

Abstract

Every individual who is charged, suspected, detained, arrested, or brought before the court must be presumed innocent until a court decision establishes their guilt with permanent legal force. This principle is a fundamental pillar of the modern judicial system to ensure the protection of human rights and procedural fairness for all parties involved in the legal process. This study aims to comprehensively describe the application and regulation of the presumption of innocence principle within the context of civil procedural law, which has thus far received less attention and in-depth discussion compared to criminal law. By adopting a normative juridical approach, this research systematically examines and analyzes legal principles, statutory provisions, and relevant doctrines to clarify the philosophical foundations, historical development, and legal basis that form the primary foundation for protecting the rights of the parties involved in civil procedural law. The focus of this study is especially related to the provisions contained in the Civil Procedure Code and the Civil Code. This approach allows for a deeper and more holistic analysis of the implementation of the presumption of innocence and emphasizes its crucial role in maintaining the balance of interests and justice for all parties throughout the judicial process.
Konsep Diversi dalam Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Anak Pelaku Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas yang Mengakibatkan Hilangnya Nyawa Orang Lain Dewi Nur Widayanti; Tegar Harbriyana Putra; Dwi Imroatus Sholikah
Konstitusi : Jurnal Hukum, Administrasi Publik, dan Ilmu Komunikasi Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): Juli : Konstitusi : Jurnal Hukum, Administrasi Publik, dan Ilmu Komunikasi
Publisher : Asosiasi Peneliti dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/konstitusi.v3i3.1884

Abstract

 Traffic accidents involving juveniles that result in the death of another person have become an important issue in the juvenile criminal justice system. These cases raise questions regarding the limits of juvenile criminal liability and the effectiveness of diversion as an alternative to formal criminal proceedings. This study aims to examine the application of the ultimum remedium principle in the judicial considerations of Boyolali District Court Decision Number 1/Pid.Sus-Anak/2023/PN Byl and to analyze the factors influencing the implementation of diversion. This study employed an empirical juridical method using statutory, case, and empirical approaches. Data were collected through interviews and library research on primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, and were analyzed qualitatively. The findings show that the judge applied criminal punishment as a last resort after diversion had been attempted in accordance with applicable legal provisions. However, diversion failed because of conflicting interests between the offender and the victim’s family, the severity of the consequences, and considerations of justice. The study concludes that successful diversion requires not only adequate legal provisions but also the willingness of the parties to achieve restorative justice while protecting children's rights, ensuring victims' interests, and maintaining legal certainty.