Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

Measuring The Effectiveness of Private Electronic System Organizers Regulations In Developing Social Media Equilibrium Sitabuana, Tundjung Herning; Adhari, Ade; Suryani, Leony Sondang; Sanjaya, Dixon; Amri, Ibra Fulenzi
LAW REFORM Vol 19, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : PROGRAM STUDI MAGISTER ILMU HUKUM FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO SEMARANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/lr.v19i2.56534

Technological developments, especially social media, potentially have a negative impact that pretend to social disintegration and instability. To prevent and create a healthy and conducive digital space, the Government issued the Minister of Communication and Information Regulation No.5/2020 concerning Private ESOs. This regulation gives the government authority to supervise Private ESOs and protect social media content. This research aims to examine ministerial regulation effectiveness in realizing social media equilibrium and its impact on digital democracy in Indonesia. This is a sociolegal research. The data was obtained from observation, expert interviews, and literature studies which were analyzed qualitatively. Normatively, restrictions and supervision to the right to use social media through private ESOs can be carried out to be in line with Pancasila’s Spirit. However, there are fundamental errors in ministerial regulation: (1) multiple interpretations norm; (2) unclear parameters of supervision; and (3) weak legal position of ministerial regulations in law enforcement. Sociologically, the presence of ministerial regulations is weak and ineffective because they are: (1) rejected by stakeholders; (2) easy to change; and (3) slowly responded in socialization process and community compliance. More comprehensive implementation regulation is required with, supervision through an electronic system approach to increase the role and participation of community.

Kebebasan Beragama Dan Berkeyakinan Dalam Negara Hukum Indonesia: Dualisme Tafsir Konseptual Dan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Sanjaya, Dixon; Rahim, Akhlish Aulia
Jurnal Konstitusi & Demokrasi Vol. 4, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Religious life in Indonesian state of law is still faced with friction and instability. This is due to dualism of interpretation of constitutional norms, differences in human rights perspectives on the freedom of religion and belief, and conflicts over statutory regulations. This research analyzes the concept of freedom of religion and belief (Religious Freedom) by conceptually exploring the discourse on relationship between religion and state and mapping the Constitutional Court's decision on commitment of the Religious Freedom. Normative juridical research is carried out using case, historical, and conceptual approaches. The finding is that relationship between state and religion is conceptually dichotomous between the ideas of the founding fathers who wanted limited separation and the ideas of legal experts in modern era who wanted a more active role for the state towards religion in administering the state. These two concepts result in religious fragmentation in society which underlies the dominant attitude of majority over minorities. Meanwhile, Constitutional Court's commitment to Religious Freedom experienced a dualism between strong commitment (judicial activism) and weak commitment (judicial restraint) which resulted in the realization of freedom of religion and belief facing systemic and cultural problems that couldn’t be realized optimally. A paradigm shift is needed from Constitutional Court, government, and society to act independently and move away from majority perspective to present meaningful concept of equality for Religious Freedom with an understanding of moderation and religious pluralism not based on narrow fanaticism.

Kewenangan Pengundangan Peraturan Perundang-undangan: Perkembangan, Peralihan, dan Mekanisme Koordinasi Sanjaya, Dixon
Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia Vol 21, No 4 (2024): Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia - Desember 2024
Publisher : Direktorat Jenderal Peraturan Perundang-undang, Kementerian Hukum

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54629/jli.v21i4.1234

Pengundangan merupakan cara pemberitahuan formal kepada masyarakat mengenai suatu peraturan perundang-undangan. Berdasarkan UU 12/2011 tentang pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan, kewenangan pengundangan dilakukan menteri hukum dan HAM. Akan tetapi, pasca perubahan melalui UU 13/2022, kewenangan tersebut dibagi bersama menteri bidang kesekretariatan negara. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menelusuri perkembangan dan mekanisme koordinasi pengundangan peraturan perundang-undangan. Penelitian ini bersifat normatif (doktrinal) menggunakan data sekunder dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Seluruh data disusun secara kualitatif. Pengaturan kewenangan pengundangan sangat dipengaruhi dinamika ketatanegaraan dan politik hukum pemerintah. Sebelum reformasi, titik berat kewenangan pengundangan pada Kemensetneg karena menggunakan paradigma prosedural dan administratif. Setelahnya, titik berat kewenangan pengundangan pada Kementerian Hukum dan HAM karena menggunakan paradigma substansial. Berlakunya UU 13/2022 yang mengembalikan sebagian kewenangan pengundangan kepada Kemensetneg didominasi oleh faktor politis dan menyebabkan sistem pengelolaan pengundangan menjadi tidak efektif karena fungsi yang sama dilaksanakan oleh dua lembaga berbeda dan proses koordinasi menjadi semakin kompleks. Kewenangan tersebut perlu dikembalikan kepada Kemenkumham dan mempercepat pembentukan lembaga khusus bidang peraturan perundang-undangan.

Kewenangan Pengundangan Peraturan Perundang-undangan: Perkembangan Pengaturan dan Peralihan Kewenangan Sanjaya, Dixon; Erny, Daly
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v7i1.8141

This research was conducted to examine the development of authority to promulgate legislation and its influence on promulgation coordination mechanism. based on Law No. 12/2011, the authority to promulgate is carried out by the Minister of Law and Human Rights. However, after the changes through Law No. 13/2022, this authority is shared with minister for state secretariat. This research seeks to explore the reasons for granting authority to promulgate legislation. This research is doctrinal research using secondary data with a statutory approach. All data is arranged qualitatively. Literature studies show that has been no research specifically analyzes the juridical philosophical basis of the transfer of authority to promulgate legislation. Therefore, this research initiates an investigation into the framework and background to the transfer of authority to promulgate legislations from Indonesian legal policy perspective. The regulation of promulgation authority is influenced by dynamics of government's legal politics. Before the reform, emphasis of promulgation authority was on Ministry of State Secretariat because administrative paradigm. After reform, emphasis of promulgation authority is on Ministry of Law and Human Rights because the legislation paradigm used is substantial. The enactment of Law No. 13/2022 which returns part of promulgation authority to Ministry of State Secretariat is dominated by political factors and causes legislation management system to become ineffective. In improving the governance of promulgating legislation, authority for promulgating legislation needs to be returned to Ministry of Law and Human Rights and government needs to accelerate the formation of a special institution in field of legislation. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji perkembangan kewenangan pengundangan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pengaruhnya terhadap mekanisme koordinasi pengundangan. Hal ini didasarkan pada ketentuan UU 12/2011 dimana kewenangan pengundangan dilakukan menteri hukum dan HAM. Akan tetapi, pasca perubahan peraturan melalui UU 13/2022, kewenangan tersebut dibagi bersama menteri sekretariat negara. Penelitian ini berupaya menggali landasan substansial yang melandai peralihan kewenangan pengundangan tersebut. Penelitian ini berupa penelitian doktrinal yang menggunakan data sekunder dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan. Seluruh data disusun secara kualitatif. Studi literatur menunjukan belum ada penelitian yang secara khusus menganalisis peralihan kewenangan pengundangan peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia. Oleh karenanya, penelitian ini menginisiasi penelusuran kerangka berpikir dan latar belakang pengalihan kewenangan pengundangan peraturan perundang-undangan dalam perspektif politik hukum Indonesia. Pengaturan kewenangan pengundangan sangat dipengaruhi dinamika ketatanegaraan dan politik hukum pemerintah. Sebelum reformasi, titik berat kewenangan pengundangan pada Kemensetneg berdasarkan paradigma prosedural dan administratif. Setelahnya, titik berat kewenangan pengundangan pada Kementerian Hukum dan HAM karena paradigma peraturan perundang-undangan yang digunakan bersifat substansial. Berlakunya UU 13/2022 yang mengembalikan sebagian kewenangan pengundangan kepada Kemensetneg didominasi oleh faktor politis dan menyebabkan sistem pengelolaan pengundangan menjadi tidak efektif. Dalam membenahi tata kelola pengundangan peraturan perundang-undangan, maka kewenangan pengundangan tersebut perlu dikembalikan kepada Kemenkumham dan pemerintah perlu mempercepat pembentukan lembaga khusus bidang peraturan perundang-undangan.

PENYULUHAN MASYARAKAT MELEK DIGITAL DALAM MEMBANGUN KESADARAN DAN PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PENIPUAN DAN PENCURIAN DIGITAL Sitabuana, Tundjung Herning; Sanjaya, Dixon; Shrishti
Jurnal Serina Abdimas Vol 1 No 2 (2023): Jurnal Serina Abdimas
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Tarumanagara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24912/jsa.v1i2.26056

Internet and social media as a result of globalization and technological revolution have become a new media in committing crime. Criminal Investigation Unit in 2022 there were 8,831 cases of cyber crime dominated by authentic data manipulation (3,723 cases) and fraud through electronic media (2,131 cases). Therefore it is necessary to have legal protection from state against security of social media as stated in Article 28C paragraph (1), Article 28F, and Article 28G paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution. Community service activities conducted to the people of RT.001/RW.006, Srengseng Village, Kembangan District, West Jakarta, with theme of digital literacy community to build awareness and legal protection against fraud and digital theft. This activity is in the form of legal counseling, with pre-survey stages, socialization, and monitoring and evaluation. This location was chosen because the community was a legal awareness group need to increase public understanding of digital security. The results achieved of legal counseling are the community to know the scope, form, type, mode, and workings of fraud and digital theft, know legal aspects and protection available, as well as efforts that need to be made to avoid fraud and theft digital so that people are expected to be able to literate on digital security. Suggestions to the government to increase socialization concerning institutions that handle fraud and digital theft, and scope of socialization needs to be expanded to increase digital literacy and legal awareness of community.

PENGUATAN WAWASAN KEBANGSAAN DI LINGKUNGAN SMA NEGERI 17 JAKARTA DALAM MENGHADAPI GLOBALISASI DAN DIGITALISASI Sitabuana, Tundjung Herning; Sanjaya, Dixon; Amri, Ibra Fulenzi; Goldwen, Filshella
Jurnal Serina Abdimas Vol 1 No 4 (2023): Jurnal Serina Abdimas
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Tarumanagara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24912/jsa.v1i4.28328

The globalization and digitalization due to technological advances has led society to a chaotic situation. Distinction between truth and lies or honesty and dishonesty has become biased. This is era of false truth and post truth. This situation endangers the unity of Indonesian nation. This vulnerability has the potential to occur in younger generation who are largest in number but the intensity of interaction with local cultural values is minimal. The younger generation has experienced a shift in value and ethical behavior that has been degraded. This Community Service’s Team (PKM Team) intends to provide legal education to students regarding "Indonesian National Insight". PKM was carried out at SMA Negeri 17 Jakarta in form of socialization regarding importance of Pancasila to national problems. The aim of PKM is to provide understanding and guidance to the younger generation so that they aren’t deceived and are able to position themselves in global dynamics. Geopolitic of Indonesia has three basic capitals in geographical, demographic and historical aspects which are full of values to achieve national goals and face the challenges of times. However, technological advances have distorted people's mindset and behavior regarding national insight so the approach to strengthening national insight requires the involvement of all components and the approach taken is more relevant to the young generation. Through this PKM, students gain understanding and national values that need to be instilled to face globalization and digitalization. Strengthening national insight must be carried out continuously by combining socialization and education in community activities. Arus globalisasi dan proses digitalisasi karena kemajuan teknologi telah mengarahkan masyarakat pada situasi chaotic terlepas dari kemanfaatan dan keburukan yang ditimbulkan. Pembedaan antara kebenaran dan kebohongan, maupun kejujuran dan ketidakjujuran menjadi bias. Inilah yang disebut era false truth dan post truth. Pembiaran atas situasi demikian membahayakan kesatuan dan persatuan bangsa Indonesia. Kerentanan ini potensial terjadi pada generasi muda yang jumlahnya paling besar tetapi intensitas interaksi dengan nilai-nilai budaya lokal yang paling minim. Hal ini sebagai akibat globalisasi dan digitalisasi tersebut sehingga generasi muda telah mengalami pergeseran nilai, norma, dan etika perilaku yang terdegradasi. Atas dasar tersebut, Tim PKM bermaksud memberikan penyuluhan hukum kepada pelajar mengenai “Wawasan Kebangsaan Indonesia”. PKM dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 17 Jakarta berupa sosialisasi dan edukasi mengenai arti penting Pancasila terhadap permasalahan bangsa. Tujuan PKM ini untuk memberikan pemahaman dan pedoman kepada generasi muda agar tidak terpedaya dan mampu menempatkan diri ditengah dinamika global yang penuh ketidakpastian dan kekacauan. Sebagai bangsa majemuk, Indonesia secara geopolitik memiliki tiga modal dasal dalam aspek geografis, demografis, dan historis sarat akan nilai dan makna untuk mencapai tujuan negara dan menghadapi tantangan zaman. Akan tetapi, kemajuan teknologi mendistorsi pola pikir dan perilaku masyarakat sehingga menanamkan wawasan kebangsaan memerlukan keterlibatan dan tanggung jawab seluruh komponen bangsa dengan pendekatan yang relevan dan kontekstual dengan karakter generasi muda Indonesia. Melalui PKM ini, pelajar memperoleh pemahaman, gambaran, dan nilai-nilai kebangsaan yang perlu ditanamkan untuk menghadapi globalisasi dan digitalisasi. Penguatan wawasan kebangsaan harus dilakukan secara berkelanjutan dengan memadupadankan pendekatan sosialisasi dan edukasi dengan aplikasi dalam aktivitas masyarakat.

THE URGENCY OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CODE OF ETHICS Sitabuana, Tundjung Herning; Sanjaya, Dixon; Amri, Ibra Fulenzi; Nethan, Nethan
Indonesia Law Review Vol. 14, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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The era of artificial intelligence has become a characteristic of industrial era 5.0 which has been used in various aspects. Potential economic value of AI has driven various forms of AI innovation development. Exploration of AI tends to override negative impacts of such developments. The emergence of ethical issues with presence of AI encourages the need for a law-based approach to establishing ethical standards to protect entire Indonesian nation. Therefore, this research was conducted to examine urgency for an AI code of ethics. This paper will normatively describe data qualitatively to answer urgency and development of AI code of ethics in doctrinal and regulative contexts, including comparisons of countries that apply ethical code. Phenomenon of emergence of AI has given rise to systemic ethical problems that are both incidental and existential related to humans. Due to disruptive threat of AI, it encourages countries to formulate ethical standards regulatory models. European Union and China have AI ethical guidelines within their legal frameworks although their characteristics differ. Meanwhile, Indonesian legal system doesn’t yet have tools that specifically regulate AI ethics. Weaknesses in regulating AI related to scope of AI, legal harmonization, and weak government commitment and competence. To regulate AI Ethics substantially and formally can be formulated in many variants based on categorization of ethical principles nature, implementation of ethical principles, forming institutions, nature and type of regulations, normative power, and scope of AI impact. New legal instruments are needed based on this categorization.

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