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Risiko Reaktivasi Tuberkulosis Laten pada Terapi COVID-19 Abas, Ghina Mutiara; Sjatha, Fithriyah; Rosana, Yeva
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 6 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2023.v6.363-372

Abstract

The high mortality rate among COVID-19 patients in the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) phase led to the administration of immunosuppressive drugs. Corticosteroids could block inflammation caused by cytokine storm, and prevent pneumonia, edema, fibrosis, and ARDS. Even though it was believed to have beneficial effects, corticosteroids can suppress T CD4+ and CD8+ cell-mediated immunity reaction through decreased IFNγ production thus leading to reactivation of latent Tuberculosis (LTBI). Therefore, the usage of corticosteroids in the ARDS phase of COVID-19 patients should be carefully given; pre-screening of LTBI may be done to avoid Tuberculosis reactivation.
The Effect of Probiotic Supplementation in Cholestasis Liver Disease: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies Azizah, Nur; Oswari, Hanifah; Sjatha, Fithriyah
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 25 No. 03 (2024): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464)
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol25-iss03/533

Abstract

Gut microbiome is essential in maintaining metabolism, gut barrier homeostasis, inflammation, and hematopoiesis. Several factors affect gut microbiome composition, including genetics, lifestyle, external factors, and disease. Cholestasis liver disease promotes gut dysbiosis via abnormal bile production or flow to the intestine and disrupts the gut microbiome. This condition leads to intestinal leakage, which enables bacterial and endotoxin translocation to the liver through the portal vein. Bacterial translocation promotes inflammatory responses, which worsen liver damage in cholestasis. Moreover, probiotic supplementation in other diseases has been shown to preserve gut microbiome composition. While such studies have documented probiotics' beneficial effects, no adequate clinical trials support probiotics' potency as a cholestasis treatment. Hence, this systematic review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of probiotic supplementation as a therapy for cholestasis liver disease in animal models. The search strategies were conducted based on PRISMA methodologies based on various academic literature. The selected studies have shown improvements in bile acid metabolism, microbiota-gut-liver axis, gut epithelium integrity, liver damage and inflammation response, and liver fibrosis progression, which need to be confirmed in human clinical trials.
Development of Vaccine Candidates Against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in 2019-2023 Adiyaksa, Jongga; Sjatha, Fithriyah
Malahayati Nursing Journal Vol 6, No 5 (2024): Volume 6 Nomor 5 2024
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/mnj.v6i5.14396

Abstract

ABSTRACT With extensive use of the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine, the global prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) remains. A number of vaccines proposed to cure and prevent tuberculosis (TB) infection are undergoing various stages of clinical trials. Although vaccine production is progressing, more attention is needed. A number of TB vaccines are currently undergoing clinical trials, most of which rely on a combination of proteins and/or adjuvants or recombinant viral vectors specific for MTB antigens. We tried to cover the range of TB vaccines in this study by analyzing their composition, the immunological responses they elicit, and the stages of clinical trials. To find out the Development Of Prospective Vaccines Against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. This research uses a literature review, between August 2023 and November 2023, the authors of this literature review checked PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and other databases containing research findings or scientific articles. Only studies that met the above search criteria were included in the systematic review. Many recently developed tuberculosis vaccines are reportedly in the final stages of clinical trials, where they have significantly strengthened the immune system and even produced protection against the host. Immunization produced by vaccines that have successfully passed the initial stages of clinical trials is safe and effective, and can even surpass BCG in terms of immunity.  Based on the description above, it can be concluded that many recently developed tuberculosis vaccines are reported to be in the final stages of clinical trials, where they have significantly strengthened the immune system and even produced protection against the host. Immunization produced by vaccines that have successfully passed the initial stages of clinical trials is safe and effective, and can even surpass BCG in terms of immunity. With the development of new TB vaccines that strengthen the body's immunity and create effective delivery mechanisms, hopes for TB treatment and prevention are increasing. The development of vaccine effects can be facilitated, in part, through the use of effective delivery mechanisms, which have also been used in TB vaccines. Keywords: Tuberculosis, Vaccine, Bacteria, Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, BCG
In Silico Analysis of Untranslated Region 5’ and 3’ of Dengue Virus for mRNA Vaccine Development Safrullah, Muhamad Iqbal; Dewi, Beti Ernawati; Sjatha, Fithriyah
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2025.013.03.05

Abstract

Dengue fever is mosquito-borne viral infection that occur widely in tropical and sub-tropical area. With limited vaccine against dengue virus (DENV) available, the development of DENV mRNA vaccine is promising future  for disease control. This study provides an in-depth in silico analysis of the 5’ and 3’ untranslated regions (UTRs) of the DENV genome. These regions play critical roles in viral protein translation and replication, and may serve as valuable targets for optimizing mRNA vaccine design. In this study, we comparing the nucleotide composition, secondary structure stability, and structural features of DENV UTRs across all four serotypes representative with those of Pfizer’s UTRs, aiming to identify key differences that could be utilise in the development of DENV mRNA vaccine design. From computational secondary structure, we can see some essential structure in DENV UTR, like S1 for ribosomal recognition, CS for genome cyclization. Methods involved computational analysis of nucleotide content (GC and AT percentages), secondary structure prediction, and thermodynamic stability assessment using Gibbs free energy (?G) calculations. The results revealed that DENV UTRs are highly conserved and structurally complex with higher GC content in the 5’ UTRs contributing to increased stability and potential impact on translation efficiency. DENV UTRs also exhibited more negative ?G values, indicating greater thermodynamic stability compared to Pfizer UTRs. The study concludes that understanding these structural and compositional differences can guide the rational design of mRNA vaccines, enhancing antigen expression. Future research should focus on functional validation of engineered UTRs to improve vaccine efficacy and safety, leveraging the insights gained from these structural analysis.
Visit Patterns of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Patients at Referral Health Facilities Zain, Paisal; Arifin, Aya Yuriestia; Hansur, Lismayana; Sjatha, Fithriyah
Jurnal Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional
Publisher : BPJS Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53756/jjkn.v5i2.393

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection remains a health problem in Indonesia, with cases increasing annually. HIV care services in Indonesia involve Primary Health Facilities (PHF) and Referral Health Facilities (RHF). This study aims to identify patterns of HIV patient visits to RHF. This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the National Health Insurance (NHI) for 2015–2023. HIV patients were identified based on ICD-10 diagnosis codes (B20–B24), with referral status as the independent variable. Analysis was performed using chi-square tests, and visit patterns were visualized using Sankey diagrams. Of the more than one million patients, 2,532 were identified as having HIV, resulting in more than 38,000 visits. Most patients were referred from community health centers to general hospitals, primarily for outpatient care. Age was significantly associated with referral status, while other demographic factors showed no association. Overall, the referral system is functioning effectively, but strengthening service capacity in PHF remains crucial to reduce the referral burden on hospitals.