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Analisis Biayariil Dan Kesesuaian Dengan Tarif INA-CBG’S Pada Pasien Kanker Kolorektal Di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta Tahun 2018 Annora Rizky Amalia
Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 18 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Setia Budi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31001/jfi.v18i2.823

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is cancer that starts from the colon or rectum. Colorectal cancer occurs when tumors form in the lining of the large intestine. The high real cost of colorectal cancer chemotherapy is a major factor in creating a national health insurance program through the INA-CBG package. The purpose of this study was to determine the suitability of real costs with INA-CBG package rates and factors that affect real costs in colorectal cancer patients hospitalized in Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. This study uses observational cross-sectional methods. Data taken retrospectively. The subjects of this study were colorectal cancer patients who were hospitalized at Dr. Moewardi Surakarta in 2018. Subjects and objects of this study were colorectal cancer chemotherapy patients who hospitalization and medical record data and inpatient claim service files at Dr. Moewardi general hospital of Surakarta for the period of January - December 2017. The analysis used is one-sample t-test to determine the suitability between real costs and INA-CBG rates and bivariate correlation analysis to determine the relationship of real costs with factors that affect real costs. The results showed the complex intestinal procedure (K-1-20-I / II / III) had an average cost that was higher than the other procedures which was Rp. 20,889,414.64. This relates to the increase in costs for medical treatment and also pharmaceutical costs. Based on the magnitude of the difference between the real rates with the INA-CBG package in colorectal cancer patients in Dr. Moewardi Surakarta in 2018 the procedure that has the highest cost difference in chemotherapy procedures at the severity of C-4-13-I with a total difference of Rp - 671,021,073,14 (negative difference). The most influential factor is Length of Stay (LOS) in anal procedures with INA-CBG's K-1-50 code with a value of p <0.05 (0,000) and in digestive tumor procedures with INA-CBG's K-4-10 code with p-value <0.05 (0.001).
GAMBARAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN OBAT TRADISIONAL SEBAGAI SWAMEDIKASI MASYARAKAT DI DESA PLOSO Annora Rizky Amalia; Siski Nautika Dewi
Jurnal Farmasindo Vol 5 No 1 (2021): Juni
Publisher : Program Studi D3 Farmasi Politeknik Indonusa Surakarta

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Abstract

Masyarakat dapat melakukan berbagai upaya untuk mengatasi berbagai keluhan dan gejala penyakit, salah satunya adalah pengobatan sendiri. Di Indonesia sendiri terdapat banyak sekali keanekaragaman hayati seperti obat-obatan tumbuhan, sehingga banyak dikembangkan tumbuhan sebagai obat tradisional. Ada tiga jenis tradisional obat, termasuk obat herbal, obat herbal terstandar dan fitofarmaka. Itu perbedaan jamu, jamu terstandar dan fitofarmaka adalah pada bukti khasiatnyakemanjuran. Jamu terbukti secara empiris berdasarkan pengalaman turun temurun, jamu terstandarobat-obatan dibuktikan dengan uji pra-klinis dan fitofarmaka dibuktikan dengan uji pra-klinis dan ujiklinis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap penggunaanpengobatan tradisional sebagai pengobatan sendiri bagi masyarakat Desa Ploso Kecamatan Sidoharjo,Kecamatan Polanharjo, Kabupaten Klaten. Jenis penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian survei deskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner dan wawancara. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive metode pengambilan sampel atau sampling berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Ukuran sampel adalah ditentukan menggunakan rumus Slovin dengan tingkat ketidakakuratan 5%. Data dikumpulkan dari 100 responden. Hasil observasi menunjukkan data tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap penggunaan obat tradisional sebesar 50,6%, dan persentase sikap masyarakat dalam penggunaan obat tradisional sebesar 61,5%. Kesimpulan dari pengamatan ini adalah tingkat pengetahuan termasuk kategori kurang dan sikap masyarakat terhadap pengobatan tradisional kategori baik.
TINGKAT KEPUASAN PASIEN TERHADAP PELAYANAN KEFARMASIAN DI APOTEK MITRA SEHAT ANDA PURWANTORO Annora Rizky Amalia; Deny Balita Wulandari
Jurnal Farmasindo Vol 6 No 1 (2022): Juni
Publisher : Program Studi D3 Farmasi Politeknik Indonusa Surakarta

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Abstract

Apotek adalah sarana pelayanan kefarmasian tempat apoteker melakukan praktik kefarmasian. Pelayanan kefarmasian merupakan salah satu bentuk pelayanan kesehatan di apotek dan merupakan satu kesatuan yang tidak terpisahkan yang berperan penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien dan juga meningkatkan kepuasan pasien. Kepuasan pasien merupakan bagian penting dari pelayanan kefarmasian karena dapat digunakan untuk mengukur kualitas pelayanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan kefarmasian di Apotek Mitra Sehat Anda Purwantoro. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode survei deskriptif, yaitu metode penelitian yang mengambil sampel dari suatu populasi dan menggunakan kuesioner sebagai alat pengumpulan data. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 100 responden. Kuesioner terdiri dari 18 pertanyaan yang telah dinyatakan reliabel dan valid, mengukur tingkat kepuasan pasien berdasarkan 5 dimensi yaitu reliabilitas, daya tanggap, jaminan, empati dan bukti nyata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kepuasan pada dimensi keandalan adalah 82% (sangat puas), daya tanggap 83,67% (sangat puas), jaminan 84,5% (sangat puas), empati 83,33% (sangat puas), dan berwujud 82,75% (sangat puas). Dengan rata-rata semua dimensi menunjukkan nilai sebesar 83,25%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan kefarmasian di Apotek Mitra Sehat Anda Purwantoro sangat puas.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN PEGAGAN (Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Muhammad Dani Riano; Annora Rizky Amalia; Yunita Dian Permata Sari
Jurnal Farmasindo Vol 7 No 1 (2023): Juni
Publisher : Program Studi D3 Farmasi Politeknik Indonusa Surakarta

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Abstract

MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) is one of the gram-positive bacteria that can cause pneumonia. The pegagan plant (Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.) is currently being planted by many people. pegagan leaves have antibacterial activity against bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus mutans, and Escherichia coli. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is antibacterial activity in pegagan leaves against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The extraction of pegagan leaf simplisia was carried out by the maceration method. The extract was made with 3 concentrations: 20% b/v, 40% b/v, and 80% b/v. The research method of antibacterial activity testing was carried out by disk diffusion. In this study, the positive control was vancomycin. As for the negative control, a 10% DMSO solution was used. In this study, it was found that the results of pegagan leaf extract had an average inhibition of 20% concentration of 8.75 mm or resistant, 40% concentration of 10.58 mm or resistant, 60% concentration of 11.5 mm or resistant, and a positive control of 18.91 mm or intermediate against MRSA (Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria.
EVALUASI WAKTU TUNGGU PELAYANAN RESEP DI RUMAH SAKIT ORTOPEDI PROF. DR. R. SOEHARSO SURAKARTA Ardhia Intan Cahyani; Annora Rizky Amalia; Vania Santika Putri
Jurnal Farmasindo Vol 7 No 2 (2023): Desember
Publisher : Program Studi D3 Farmasi Politeknik Indonusa Surakarta

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Abstract

Salah satu kriteria pelayanan kefarmasian adalah waktu tunggu. Jangka waktu antara pasien menerima resep hingga menerima obat, serta komunikasi, informasi, dan edukasi, disebut sebagai waktu tunggu pelayanan resep. Menurut Kepmenkes Nomor 129 Tahun 2008, standar waktu tunggu pelayanan rumah sakit untuk resep non racikan adalah 30 menit, sedangkan waktu tunggu resep racikan adalah 60 menit. Metode yang digunakan yaitu non-eksperimental mengumpulkan data primer dan sekunder pada bulan April hingga Mei 2023 melalui dokumentasi, literatur, wawancara, dan observasi. Total sampling digunakan untuk menghitung besarnya sampel. Rata-rata waktu tunggu data primer untuk resep racikan adalah 47,47 menit, sedangkan untuk resep non racikan adalah 36,04 menit. Data sekunder resep racikan rata-rata waktu tunggu 43,86 menit dibandingkan 35,92 menit untuk resep non racikan. Baik data primer maupun sekunder menunjukkan bahwa waktu tunggu layanan resep ramuan di IFRJ RS Ortopedi Prof. R Soeharso Surakarta berada dalam rentang yang dapat diterima. Sebaliknya, data primer dan sekunder untuk resep non racikan tidak memenuhi persyaratan yang tertuang dalam Kepmenkes Nomor 129 Tahun 2008 tentang Standar Pelayanan Minimal Rumah Sakit
Analysis of Ethnopharmaceutical Studies of Traditional Medicine for the Management of Jaundice Due to Hepatic Disorders by the Mandar Tribe of West Sulawesi, Indonesia Sari, Dewi Weni; Kharisma Jayak Pratama; Annora Rizky Amalia
Eureka Herba Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Eureka Herba Indonesia
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/ehi.v5i2.120

Abstract

Jaundice, or icterus, is a medical condition characterized by yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes. This is caused by a buildup of bilirubin in the blood, which is a waste product of the breakdown of red blood cells. Liver disorders, such as hepatitis, are the most common cause of jaundice. The Mandar tribe in West Sulawesi Indonesia has a traditional healing tradition that has been passed down from generation to generation. This traditional medicine is often used to treat various diseases, including jaundice. This study aims to analyze the ethnopharmaceutical traditional treatment for jaundice in the Mandar tribe in West Sulawesi. This research used a descriptive observational method with traditional healthcare respondents. Data was collected through interviews and observations of traditional healers and patients who used traditional medicine. The data was analyzed descriptively to determine the type of plant, part of the plant used, processing methods, and how traditional medicines are used. This research found 14 plant species from 13 families that were used as medicine for jaundice. Two types of plants are typically used by the Mandar tribe, namely lapo-lapo (Melanolepis multiglandulosa) and barorang (Blumea balsamifera). The parts of the plant most commonly used as medicine are leaves (43%), followed by fruit (29%), stems (14%), roots (7%), rhizomes (4%), and herbs (3%). Plant processing by pressing and boiling is the most widely used (50% each). The most common method of use is boiling (70%), followed by pounding (20%) and eating directly (10%). This research found 14 plant species from 13 families that were used by the Mandar tribe as medicine for jaundice. Two types of plants are typically used, namely lapo-lapo and barorang. This research provides important information about the Mandar tribe's ethnopharmacology for jaundice and can be a basis for the development of more effective and safer traditional medicines.
Potential of Ethanol Extract of Red Gedi Leaves (Abelmoschus manihot L. Medik) Against Endogenous Antioxidant Activity in Rat Model of Diabetes Mellitus Amalia, Annora Rizky; Alfina Nurrahman; Dewi Weni Sari; Muhammad Firdaus
Eureka Herba Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 3 (2024): Eureka Herba Indonesia
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/ehi.v5i3.123

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and increased oxidative stress, contributing to disease complications. Red gedi leaves (Abelmoschus manihot L. Medik) are rich in bioactive compounds, including tannins, saponins, alkaloids and flavonoids, with antioxidant potential. This study aims to evaluate the effect of ethanol extract of red gedi leaves on endogenous antioxidant activity in rat model of DM induced by STZ-NA. Male rats were induced with DM with streptozotocin (STZ)-NA. Rats were divided into five groups: normal control (KN), DM control (KDM), glibenclamide positive control (KPG), and group treated with red gedi leaf extract at a dose of 100 mg/kgBW (GEDI 100), 200 mg/kgBW (GEDI 200), and 400 mg/kgBW (GEDI 400). The parameters observed included blood glucose levels, malondialdehyde (MDA) as a marker of oxidative stress, as well as the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in liver tissue. Data analysis used one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test (p<0.05). The results showed that the yield of ethanol extract from red gedi leaves was 6.984%. Administration of red gedi leaf extract at a dose of 400 mg/kgBW (GEDI 400) significantly reduced blood glucose levels (p<0.05) and MDA (p<0.05), and increased the activity of SOD (p<0.05), CAT (p<0.05), and GPx (p<0.05) in DM rats compared to the DM control group (KDM). The effect of GEDI 400 was comparable to the effect of glibenclamide as a positive control. The ethanol extract of red gedi leaves at a dose of 400 mg/kgBW was effective in increasing endogenous antioxidant activity and reducing oxidative stress in STZ-NA-induced DM rats, showing potential as an antioxidant and antidiabetic agent.
Antibacterial Test of Cherry Leaves Ethanol Extract (Muntingia calabura L.) Against Streptococcus mutans Amalia, Annora Rizky; Riyan Setiyanto; Alfina Nurrahman; Ariska Rahmawati Utami; Dewi Weni Sari
Crown: Journal of Dentistry and Health Research Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Crown: Journal of Dentistry and Health Research
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/crown.v2i1.128

Abstract

Introduction: Streptococcus mutans is a bacteria that plays an important role in the occurrence of dental caries. Use of antibiotics to treat infections Streptococcus mutans often causes side effects. Cherry leaves (Muntingia calabura L.) contain active compounds that have the potential to have antibacterial effects. This research aims to determine the inhibitory power of cherry leaf ethanol extract against Streptococcus mutans in vitro. Methods: This research uses an experimental method with a post-test-only control group design. Cherry leaf ethanol extract was made by maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent for 5 days. The antibacterial test was carried out using the paper disc diffusion method with varying concentrations of cherry leaf extract, namely 20%, 40%, and 60% w/v dissolved in 10% DMSO. The positive control used was the amoxicillin antibiotic disc, while the negative control used 10% DMSO. Results: The results of the antibacterial test of the ethanol extract of cherry leaves in this study showed that at a concentration of 20% it had an average inhibitory power of 9.16 mm, the extract with a concentration of 40% had an inhibitory power of 11.33 mm, and at a concentration of 60% it had an inhibitory power of 12. 16mm. The positive control amoxicillin had an inhibitory power of 18.67 mm. Conclusion: Cherry leaf ethanol extract has potential as an alternative therapy to overcome Streptococcus mutans bacterial infections.
Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extract of Srikaya Leaves (Annona squamosa Linn) Against the Growth of Acne Vulgaris-Causing Bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis Amalia, Annora Rizky; Zulaika Febru Zalsabila; Yunita Dian Permata Sari
Scientific Journal of Dermatology and Venereology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Scientific Journal of Dermatology and Venereology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjdv.v2i2.143

Abstract

Introduction: Acne vulgaris, a prevalent skin condition, is primarily triggered by the proliferation of Cutibacterium acnes within pilosebaceous units. However, Staphylococcus epidermidis, a commensal skin bacterium, can exacerbate acne inflammation upon follicular invasion. This study investigates the antibacterial potential of ethanol extract derived from srikaya leaves (Annona squamosa Linn) against S. epidermidis. Methods: Srikaya leaves underwent ethanol extraction via maceration. The extract's antibacterial efficacy was assessed using the agar well diffusion method against S. epidermidis at varying concentrations (25%, 50%, 75%). Zones of inhibition were measured, and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined. Phytochemical screening of the extract was conducted to identify potential bioactive compounds. Results: The ethanol extract of srikaya leaves exhibited significant antibacterial activity against S. epidermidis. Increasing extract concentrations led to larger zones of inhibition, indicating a dose-dependent effect. The MIC of the extract against S. epidermidis was determined to be 50%. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, and alkaloids, which are known for their antimicrobial properties. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of srikaya leaves demonstrates promising antibacterial activity against S. epidermidis, suggesting its potential as a natural therapeutic agent for managing acne vulgaris. Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms of action and evaluate the extract's efficacy in clinical settings.
Formulation and Physicochemical Evaluation of Spray Gel Containing Cordyline fruticosa L. Leaf Extract for Topical Delivery Alfina Nurrahman; Annora Rizky Amalia; Andany Oktamia Ningtyas Hartoyo
Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology Journal
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/nasetjournal.v4i2.57

Abstract

Spray gel is a gel system applied through a spray pump, producing small or large liquid droplets. Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A. Cheval, commonly known as Andong Merah, is a plant with various medicinal properties, including wound healing activity attributed to its flavonoid content. This research aimed to formulate and evaluate the physicochemical properties of a spray gel containing Cordyline fruticosa leaf extract for topical delivery, focusing on the effects of different concentrations of Carbopol 940 as a gelling agent and sorbitol as a humectant. Cordyline fruticosa leaf extract was obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol. Three spray gel formulations were prepared, varying the concentrations of Carbopol 940 (0.4 g, 0.6 g, and 0.8 g) and sorbitol (5 ml, 7.5 ml, and 10 ml). The prepared spray gels were then subjected to physicochemical evaluation, including organoleptic tests (color, odor, and consistency), homogeneity tests, pH measurements, viscosity measurements, spray pattern analysis, and adhesion tests. All spray gel formulations exhibited acceptable physicochemical properties. The formulations were homogeneous, with a pH within the acceptable range for topical applications. The viscosity and adhesion properties varied with the concentrations of Carbopol 940 and sorbitol. The spray pattern analysis revealed a circular spread pattern, with the pressure required for spraying influenced by the viscosity of the formulation. The spray gel formulations containing Cordyline fruticosa leaf extract demonstrated good physicochemical qualities, indicating their potential suitability for topical delivery. Further studies are recommended to optimize the formulation for enhanced stability and therapeutic efficacy.