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Analisis Biayariil Dan Kesesuaian Dengan Tarif INA-CBG’S Pada Pasien Kanker Kolorektal Di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta Tahun 2018 Annora Rizky Amalia
Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 18 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Setia Budi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31001/jfi.v18i2.823

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is cancer that starts from the colon or rectum. Colorectal cancer occurs when tumors form in the lining of the large intestine. The high real cost of colorectal cancer chemotherapy is a major factor in creating a national health insurance program through the INA-CBG package. The purpose of this study was to determine the suitability of real costs with INA-CBG package rates and factors that affect real costs in colorectal cancer patients hospitalized in Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. This study uses observational cross-sectional methods. Data taken retrospectively. The subjects of this study were colorectal cancer patients who were hospitalized at Dr. Moewardi Surakarta in 2018. Subjects and objects of this study were colorectal cancer chemotherapy patients who hospitalization and medical record data and inpatient claim service files at Dr. Moewardi general hospital of Surakarta for the period of January - December 2017. The analysis used is one-sample t-test to determine the suitability between real costs and INA-CBG rates and bivariate correlation analysis to determine the relationship of real costs with factors that affect real costs. The results showed the complex intestinal procedure (K-1-20-I / II / III) had an average cost that was higher than the other procedures which was Rp. 20,889,414.64. This relates to the increase in costs for medical treatment and also pharmaceutical costs. Based on the magnitude of the difference between the real rates with the INA-CBG package in colorectal cancer patients in Dr. Moewardi Surakarta in 2018 the procedure that has the highest cost difference in chemotherapy procedures at the severity of C-4-13-I with a total difference of Rp - 671,021,073,14 (negative difference). The most influential factor is Length of Stay (LOS) in anal procedures with INA-CBG's K-1-50 code with a value of p <0.05 (0,000) and in digestive tumor procedures with INA-CBG's K-4-10 code with p-value <0.05 (0.001).
Analysis of Ethnopharmaceutical Studies of Traditional Medicine for the Management of Jaundice Due to Hepatic Disorders by the Mandar Tribe of West Sulawesi, Indonesia Sari, Dewi Weni; Kharisma Jayak Pratama; Annora Rizky Amalia
Eureka Herba Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Eureka Herba Indonesia
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/ehi.v5i2.120

Abstract

Jaundice, or icterus, is a medical condition characterized by yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes. This is caused by a buildup of bilirubin in the blood, which is a waste product of the breakdown of red blood cells. Liver disorders, such as hepatitis, are the most common cause of jaundice. The Mandar tribe in West Sulawesi Indonesia has a traditional healing tradition that has been passed down from generation to generation. This traditional medicine is often used to treat various diseases, including jaundice. This study aims to analyze the ethnopharmaceutical traditional treatment for jaundice in the Mandar tribe in West Sulawesi. This research used a descriptive observational method with traditional healthcare respondents. Data was collected through interviews and observations of traditional healers and patients who used traditional medicine. The data was analyzed descriptively to determine the type of plant, part of the plant used, processing methods, and how traditional medicines are used. This research found 14 plant species from 13 families that were used as medicine for jaundice. Two types of plants are typically used by the Mandar tribe, namely lapo-lapo (Melanolepis multiglandulosa) and barorang (Blumea balsamifera). The parts of the plant most commonly used as medicine are leaves (43%), followed by fruit (29%), stems (14%), roots (7%), rhizomes (4%), and herbs (3%). Plant processing by pressing and boiling is the most widely used (50% each). The most common method of use is boiling (70%), followed by pounding (20%) and eating directly (10%). This research found 14 plant species from 13 families that were used by the Mandar tribe as medicine for jaundice. Two types of plants are typically used, namely lapo-lapo and barorang. This research provides important information about the Mandar tribe's ethnopharmacology for jaundice and can be a basis for the development of more effective and safer traditional medicines.
Potential of Ethanol Extract of Red Gedi Leaves (Abelmoschus manihot L. Medik) Against Endogenous Antioxidant Activity in Rat Model of Diabetes Mellitus Amalia, Annora Rizky; Alfina Nurrahman; Dewi Weni Sari; Muhammad Firdaus
Eureka Herba Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 3 (2024): Eureka Herba Indonesia
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/ehi.v5i3.123

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and increased oxidative stress, contributing to disease complications. Red gedi leaves (Abelmoschus manihot L. Medik) are rich in bioactive compounds, including tannins, saponins, alkaloids and flavonoids, with antioxidant potential. This study aims to evaluate the effect of ethanol extract of red gedi leaves on endogenous antioxidant activity in rat model of DM induced by STZ-NA. Male rats were induced with DM with streptozotocin (STZ)-NA. Rats were divided into five groups: normal control (KN), DM control (KDM), glibenclamide positive control (KPG), and group treated with red gedi leaf extract at a dose of 100 mg/kgBW (GEDI 100), 200 mg/kgBW (GEDI 200), and 400 mg/kgBW (GEDI 400). The parameters observed included blood glucose levels, malondialdehyde (MDA) as a marker of oxidative stress, as well as the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in liver tissue. Data analysis used one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test (p<0.05). The results showed that the yield of ethanol extract from red gedi leaves was 6.984%. Administration of red gedi leaf extract at a dose of 400 mg/kgBW (GEDI 400) significantly reduced blood glucose levels (p<0.05) and MDA (p<0.05), and increased the activity of SOD (p<0.05), CAT (p<0.05), and GPx (p<0.05) in DM rats compared to the DM control group (KDM). The effect of GEDI 400 was comparable to the effect of glibenclamide as a positive control. The ethanol extract of red gedi leaves at a dose of 400 mg/kgBW was effective in increasing endogenous antioxidant activity and reducing oxidative stress in STZ-NA-induced DM rats, showing potential as an antioxidant and antidiabetic agent.
Antibacterial Test of Cherry Leaves Ethanol Extract (Muntingia calabura L.) Against Streptococcus mutans Amalia, Annora Rizky; Riyan Setiyanto; Alfina Nurrahman; Ariska Rahmawati Utami; Dewi Weni Sari
Crown: Journal of Dentistry and Health Research Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Crown: Journal of Dentistry and Health Research
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/crown.v2i1.128

Abstract

Introduction: Streptococcus mutans is a bacteria that plays an important role in the occurrence of dental caries. Use of antibiotics to treat infections Streptococcus mutans often causes side effects. Cherry leaves (Muntingia calabura L.) contain active compounds that have the potential to have antibacterial effects. This research aims to determine the inhibitory power of cherry leaf ethanol extract against Streptococcus mutans in vitro. Methods: This research uses an experimental method with a post-test-only control group design. Cherry leaf ethanol extract was made by maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent for 5 days. The antibacterial test was carried out using the paper disc diffusion method with varying concentrations of cherry leaf extract, namely 20%, 40%, and 60% w/v dissolved in 10% DMSO. The positive control used was the amoxicillin antibiotic disc, while the negative control used 10% DMSO. Results: The results of the antibacterial test of the ethanol extract of cherry leaves in this study showed that at a concentration of 20% it had an average inhibitory power of 9.16 mm, the extract with a concentration of 40% had an inhibitory power of 11.33 mm, and at a concentration of 60% it had an inhibitory power of 12. 16mm. The positive control amoxicillin had an inhibitory power of 18.67 mm. Conclusion: Cherry leaf ethanol extract has potential as an alternative therapy to overcome Streptococcus mutans bacterial infections.
Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extract of Srikaya Leaves (Annona squamosa Linn) Against the Growth of Acne Vulgaris-Causing Bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis Amalia, Annora Rizky; Zulaika Febru Zalsabila; Yunita Dian Permata Sari
Scientific Journal of Dermatology and Venereology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Scientific Journal of Dermatology and Venereology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjdv.v2i2.143

Abstract

Introduction: Acne vulgaris, a prevalent skin condition, is primarily triggered by the proliferation of Cutibacterium acnes within pilosebaceous units. However, Staphylococcus epidermidis, a commensal skin bacterium, can exacerbate acne inflammation upon follicular invasion. This study investigates the antibacterial potential of ethanol extract derived from srikaya leaves (Annona squamosa Linn) against S. epidermidis. Methods: Srikaya leaves underwent ethanol extraction via maceration. The extract's antibacterial efficacy was assessed using the agar well diffusion method against S. epidermidis at varying concentrations (25%, 50%, 75%). Zones of inhibition were measured, and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined. Phytochemical screening of the extract was conducted to identify potential bioactive compounds. Results: The ethanol extract of srikaya leaves exhibited significant antibacterial activity against S. epidermidis. Increasing extract concentrations led to larger zones of inhibition, indicating a dose-dependent effect. The MIC of the extract against S. epidermidis was determined to be 50%. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, and alkaloids, which are known for their antimicrobial properties. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of srikaya leaves demonstrates promising antibacterial activity against S. epidermidis, suggesting its potential as a natural therapeutic agent for managing acne vulgaris. Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms of action and evaluate the extract's efficacy in clinical settings.
Formulation and Physicochemical Evaluation of Spray Gel Containing Cordyline fruticosa L. Leaf Extract for Topical Delivery Alfina Nurrahman; Annora Rizky Amalia; Andany Oktamia Ningtyas Hartoyo
Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology Journal
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/nasetjournal.v4i2.57

Abstract

Spray gel is a gel system applied through a spray pump, producing small or large liquid droplets. Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A. Cheval, commonly known as Andong Merah, is a plant with various medicinal properties, including wound healing activity attributed to its flavonoid content. This research aimed to formulate and evaluate the physicochemical properties of a spray gel containing Cordyline fruticosa leaf extract for topical delivery, focusing on the effects of different concentrations of Carbopol 940 as a gelling agent and sorbitol as a humectant. Cordyline fruticosa leaf extract was obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol. Three spray gel formulations were prepared, varying the concentrations of Carbopol 940 (0.4 g, 0.6 g, and 0.8 g) and sorbitol (5 ml, 7.5 ml, and 10 ml). The prepared spray gels were then subjected to physicochemical evaluation, including organoleptic tests (color, odor, and consistency), homogeneity tests, pH measurements, viscosity measurements, spray pattern analysis, and adhesion tests. All spray gel formulations exhibited acceptable physicochemical properties. The formulations were homogeneous, with a pH within the acceptable range for topical applications. The viscosity and adhesion properties varied with the concentrations of Carbopol 940 and sorbitol. The spray pattern analysis revealed a circular spread pattern, with the pressure required for spraying influenced by the viscosity of the formulation. The spray gel formulations containing Cordyline fruticosa leaf extract demonstrated good physicochemical qualities, indicating their potential suitability for topical delivery. Further studies are recommended to optimize the formulation for enhanced stability and therapeutic efficacy.
Kelayakan Ekstrak Daun Pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius) Sebagai Formulasi Sediaan Masker Gel Peel Off Riyan Setiyanto; Annora Rizky Amalia; Ela Fransisca Christa S
Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan SUARA FORIKES Vol 15, No 3 (2024): Juli-September 2024
Publisher : FORIKES

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/sf15323

Abstract

Pandanus amaryllifolius leaves have antioxidant activity. The use of antioxidant effects for facial skin is better in topical cosmetic formulations than oral preparations. Peel-off masks are generally used to moisturize the skin. This study aimed to formulate and test the physical quality of the peel-off gel mask preparation of Pandanus amaryllifolius leaves with variations in extract concentration and polyvinyl alcohol. From the formulation and physical property tests, it can be seen how variations in polyvinyl alcohol concentration affect the physical properties of the peel-off gel mask preparation. This study was included in experimental analytical research. The variables measured from the peel-off gel mask preparation of Pandanus amaryllifolius leaves were adhesive power, spreadability, drying time, pH and viscosity. Differences in variables between concentrations were analyzed by the Anova test for numerical variables and the Kruskal Wallis test for ordinal categorical variables. Based on the results of the organoleptic test, all formulations showed a thick consistency, green color and a distinctive pandan leaf odor. According to the results of the comparative test, it was found that the variation of the concentration of extract and polyvinyl alcohol significantly affected the adhesive power, spread power and drying time, but did not significantly affect the pH and viscosity. The results of the irritation test on the three formulations showed that the preparation did not irritate so that the formulation was safe to use. Furthermore, it was concluded that pandan leaf extract can be used as a formulation for a peel-off gel mask preparation and is safe because it does not irritate the skin.Keywords: Pandanus amaryllifolius; peel-off mask; polyvinyl alcohol ABSTRAK Daun Pandanus amaryllifolius mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan. Penggunaan efek antioksidan untuk kulit wajah, lebih baik dalam formulasi kosmetika sediaan topikal daripada sediaan oral. Masker peel off umumnya digunakan untuk melembabkan kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan memformulasikan dan menguji kualitas fisik dari sediaan masker gel peel off daun Pandanus amaryllifolius dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak dan polyvinyl alcohol. Dari formulasi dan uji sifat fisik tersebut dapat diketahui bagaimana variasi konsentrasi polyvinyl alcohol mempengaruhi sifat fisik sediaan maker gel peel off. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian analitik eksperimental. Variabel yang diukur dari sediaan masker gel peel off daun Pandanus amaryllifolius ini adalah daya lekat, daya sebar, waktu mengering, pH dan viskositas. Perbedaan variabel antar konsentrasi dianalisis  dengan uji Anova untuk variabel numerik dan uji Kruskal Wallis untuk variabel kategorik ordinal. Berdasarkan hasil uji organoleptik semua formulasi menunjukkan konsistensi sediaan yang kental, berwarna hijau dan berbau khas daun pandan. Menurut hasil uji perbandingan, diperoleh hasil bahwa variasi konsentrasi ekstrak dan polyvinyl alcohol berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap daya lekat, daya sebar dan waktu mengering, tetapi tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap pH dan viskositas. Hasil uji iritasi terhadap ketiga formulasi diperoleh bahwa sediaan tidak mengiritasi sehingga formulasi tersebut aman untuk digunakan. Selanjutnya disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak daun pandan dapat digunakan sebagai formulasi sediaan masker gel peel off dan aman karena tidak mengiritasi kulit.Kata kunci: Pandanus amaryllifolius; masker peel off; polyvinyl alcohol
Kombinasi Ekstrak Buah Takokak dan Kulit Pisang Kepok Sebagai Penghambat Pertumbuhan Bakteri Propionibacterium acnes Annora Rizky Amalia; Diyan Sakti Purwanto; Natasya Maya Isabella
Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan SUARA FORIKES Vol 15, No 4 (2024): Oktober-Desember 2024
Publisher : FORIKES

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/sf15441

Abstract

Takokak (Solanum torvum swartz) is a plant that has antibacterial activity. Antibacterial activity is also found in yellow banana peel waste (Musa balibisiana). The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of a combination of takokak fruit extract and yellow banana peel waste against Propionibacterium acnes. This study was conducted using the disk diffusion method and is an experimental study. Ethanol extract of yellow banana peel waste and takokak fruit was made by the maceration method with 70% ethanol solvent. Antibacterial tests were carried out using disc paper with variations in extract concentration, namely 15%, 20%, and 25% dissolved in distilled water. The positive control used was clindamycin, while the negative control was distilled water. The parameters measured were the inhibition zone, which is the clear area around the disc where there is no bacterial growth, measured in millimeters. The results of the antibacterial test of the combination of takokak fruit and kepok banana peel waste in a ratio of 2:1 had the highest inhibitory power at concentrations of 15%, 20% and 25%, respectively, which were 16.03 mm, 17.10 mm and 18.63 mm. The positive control produced an inhibitory power of 35.45 mm while the negative control had no inhibitory power. Furthermore, it was concluded that the combination of takokak fruit extract and kepok banana peel is effective in inhibiting the growth of Propionibacterium acnes bacteria.Keywords: Solanum torvum swartz; Musa balbisiana; 70% ethanol extract; maceration; Propionibacterium acnes ABSTRAK Takokak (Solanum torvum swartz) merupakan tanaman yang memiliki aktivitas anti bakteri. Aktivitas antibakteri juga ditemukan pada limbah kulit pisang kepok kuning (Musa balibisiana). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri kombinasi ekstrak buah takokak dan limbah kulit pisang kepok kuning terhadap Propionibacterium acnes. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode disk diffusion dan merupakan studi eksperimental. Ekstrak etanol limbah kulit pisang kapok kuning dan buah takokak dibuat dengan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 70%. Uji antibakteri dilakukan dengan menggunakan kertas cakram dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak yaitu 15%, 20%, dan 25% yang dilarutkan dalam aquades. Kontrol positif yang digunakan adalah klindamisin, sedangkan untuk kontrol negatif adalah aquades. Parameter yang diukur adalah zona hambat, yaitu area bening di sekitar cakram adalah tempat tidak ada pertumbuhan bakteri, diukur dalam satuan milimeter. Hasil uji antibakteri kombinasi buah takokak dan limbah kulit pisang kepok pada perbandingan 2:1 memiliki daya hambat yang paling tinggi adalah pada konsentrasi 15%, 20% dan 25% berturut-turut adalah 16,03 mm, 17,10 mm dan 18,63 mm. Kontrol positif menghasilkan daya hambat sebesar 35,45 mm sedangkan kontrol negatif tidak memiliki daya hambat. Selanjutnya disimpulkan bahwa kombinasi ekstrak buah takokak dan kulit pisang kepok efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Propionibacterium acnes.Kata kunci: Solanum torvum swartz; Musa balbisiana; ekstrak etanol 70%; maserasi; Propionibacterium acnes
AN ANALYSIS OF DRUG INVENTORY CONTROL EFFICIENCY USING ALWAYS BETTER CONTROL, VITAL ESSENTIAL NON-ESSENTIAL, AND ECONOMIC ORDER QUANTITY METHODS: A CASE STUDY AT ASSALAAM MEDICARE Arief, Khunaisa; Nafisah, Umi; Amalia, Annora Rizky
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 1 (2025): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v14i1.578

Abstract

In-depth control of pharmaceutical inventory is critical, especially in healthcare facility units to ensure the availability of drugs to minimize the risk of stagnation (excess inventory of drugs) and inventory vacancies (shortage or empty level of inventory). The purpose of this study is to determine how inventory level control is carried out at Assalaam Medicare pharmacy using the ABC (Always, Better, Control), VEN (Vital, Essential, Non Essential), and EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) methods for the period January to March 2024. Based on ABC analysis of a total of 572 items of drugs, 151 items of drugs are classified into group A which accounts for 27.970 or 65%, with an investment value of 75% of the total, group B with 215 drug items with a consumption of 10,236 or 24% and an investment of 20%, and group C with 206 items which has a consumption of 4,521 or 11% and an investment of 6%. From the VEN analysis, 26 drug items belong to the vital (V) drug class of group A as an essential service segment. According to EOQ, the highest optimum order quantity is 2.061 items and the lowest optimum value is 17 items for a single order.
IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA FITOKIMIA EKSTRAK DAUN MIANA (COLEUS ATROPURPUREUS L. BENTH) Nurrahman, Alfina; Amalia, Annora Rizky
Prosiding Seminar Informasi Kesehatan Nasional 2025: SIKesNas 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Duta Bangsa Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47701/vdhxvf11

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan fitokimia dari ekstrak etanol daun miana dengan pengujian organoleptis, kadar air, bebas alkohol, serta uji fitokimia kualitatif. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak memiliki karakteristik organoleptis berwarna ungu tua, berbau khas aromatik, dan berbentuk kental. Kadar air ekstrak menunjukkan nilai 7,48 %, uji bebas alkohol menunjukkan hasil negatif, serta hasil uji fitokimia kualitatif menunjukkan adanya senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, dan steroid. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun miana mengandung senyawa bioaktif yang potensial untuk dikembangkan dalam pengobatan herbal.