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Online learning and learner autonomy: a comparative study of Turkish and Indonesian EFL students’ perspectives Derinalp, Pelin; Karjo, Clara Herlina; Andreani, Wiwik; Ying, Yi; Herawati, Agnes
Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) Vol 19, No 3: August 2025
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/edulearn.v19i3.21741

Abstract

Advancements in technology has affected almost all aspects of life all around the world. The education sector is not an exception. As in many other countries, in Turkey and Indonesia, learning activities have been switched from face-to-face to online mode for several reasons such as the COVID-19 pandemic or the destructive earthquake in Turkey. Online learning has brought some challenges with it. As online learning requires learner autonomy, it is crucial to investigate learners´ perspectives regarding how this shift from traditional face-to-face teaching to online mode has affected the learners. Hence, the current study aims to investigate and compare Turkish and Indonesian English as a foreign language (EFL) students’ learner autonomy level. A quantitative study has been conducted among undergraduate students from Turkey (100) and Indonesia (120). Data was collected through a 30-item questionnaire and distributed online. The analysis was done quantitatively using descriptive statistical computation. The results show that both Indonesian and Turkish EFL students have high learner autonomy levels. However, some differences were identified in terms of their planning of learning ability (PLA), monitoring of learning, and evaluation of learning abilities. In light of this study’s findings, educational institutions are encouraged to promote strategies to assist students to be autonomous learners.
Phonological Construction of Indonesian Blends Karjo, Clara Herlina
Linguistik Indonesia Vol. 42 No. 1 (2024): Linguistik Indonesia
Publisher : Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/li.v42i1.559

Abstract

Blends are formed by joining two clipped words into one. For example, in English, ‘breakfast’ and ‘lunch’ are joined to become ‘brunch’. While studies of blends usually focus on the morphological aspect, this study aims at describing the phonological aspects of blend formation, particularly the syllable formation of Indonesian blends. Moreover, the phonological constraints for blend formation are also investigated. The data were obtained from observing blending words used in daily conversations, as well as in media such as television and online news. To gather the data, the researcher asked each of her 20 students to find five samples of Indonesian blends. As a result, as many as 100 Indonesian blends were found. The data were then categorized based on their syllable structures and the phonological constraints for blend formation were analyzed using optimality theory. The results showed that blending words can be categorized into six types, which are (CVC+CVC), (CV+CVC), (CV+CVC), (V+CVC), (CV+CV), and (VC+CVC). For example, the second type (CV + CVC) ‘mager’ is formed from the first part of the first source word and the first part of the second source word as in ‘malas’ and ‘gerak’. Moreover, there are some possible constraints that make a new blend acceptable or unacceptable in Indonesian, such as the recognizability of blend from its source words and the semantic similarity of the blend with the already existing word. For example, the word ‘mantul’ is acceptable blend of mantap + betul, since ‘mantul’ already exists but it has different meaning. The results of this study imply that forming new words by blending the already existed words is still possible, but their acceptance or usage depend on the users’ familiarity with phonological knowledge.
Corpus Study of the Adverb of Degree ‘Feichang’ in Chinese and English Parallel Corpus Clara Herlina Karjo; Mei Rianto Chandra
Journal of English as A Foreign Language Teaching and Research Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): March Volume
Publisher : Magister Program of English Education, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31098/jefltr.v4i1.2075

Abstract

The use of a parallel corpus for Chinese and English adverbs is still rarely explored, especially when comparing the Chinese adverb feichang with its English equivalents. ‘Feichang’ literally means "very", but English has various other words to convey the same words. The aim of this study is to compare the grammatical structure and semantic meaning of the Chinese adverb ‘feichang’ with its English equivalents using Chinese-English parallel corpus. To obtain the data, we used 50 sentences that contain the word ‘feichang’ in Chinese and English from the PKU parallel corpus. All sentences are related to the computer field. These sentences were then analyzed using AntConc, a concordance tool, to examine the grammatical structure and semantic aspects of the phrases. The findings showed that in Chinese, the adverb ‘feichang’ occurs in adjective and verb phrases. Meanwhile, in the English corpus, these phrases are rendered differently in five types of phrases: adjective, noun, verb, prepositional, and adverbial. Moreover, the word ‘feichang’ itself is rendered in a different lexicon, even though the meaning is the same. The results implied that one language can offer more varieties in expressing similar ideas, and parallel corpus can be a good source for analyzing these differences.
Sociophonetic Analysis of the Characters' Speech in "Troubled Blood" by R. Galbraith Clara Herlina Karjo
Ranah: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa Vol 11, No 2 (2022): Ranah: jurnal Kajian Bahasa
Publisher : Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/rnh.v11i2.5178

Abstract

British English has several regional varieties for almost every English county, e.g. Yorkshire, Lancashire, Cornwall, and so on. Each dialect can be distinguished by distinct vocabularies and pronunciation; for example the Cockney dialect use the glottal stop [?] instead of alveolar stop [t] in words like butter and bitter, so they are pronounced as [bΛ?ər] and [bɪ?ər]. These distinctive dialects’ pronunciation can be identified easily in spoken interaction, but it would be more problematic if it was represented in written text, such as in a novel. This paper attempts to analyse the distinguishing features of six intra-national varieties of British English found in the detective novel ‘Troubled Blood’ by Robert Galbraith, which is a pseudonym of J.K. Rowlings. The data for this study were taken from the speech samples of six characters from six regional dialects: Irish, Cornish, Scottish, Cockney, Eastender, and Essex. The speech samples data were extracted from the chapters in which the detective (Strike) or her partner (Robin) conversed with the chosen characters whose language backgrounds were stated clearly in the novel. The data were analysed by transcribing the speech samples phonetically, then from the transcriptions, phonetic features of each regional variation were identified using the theories of sociophonetic and regional variations. The interpretation of the sounds was based on the standard British English pronunciation. Results showed that a woman with East End dialect had some characteristics such as omission of initial h-sound, as in ‘appens, ‘ad, ‘eadaches, while a Scottish dialect was identified by the use of ‘havenae’ for ‘have not’. These results indicate that regional dialects or variations can be represented accurately in written text. Yet, it also suggests that the writer should have ample knowledge of each dialect to be able to represent distinctive variations in their writing.  AbstrakBahasa Inggris British memiliki beberapa variasi regional untuk hampir setiap wilayah Inggris, misalnya Yorkshire, Lancashire, Cornwall, dan sebagainya. Setiap dialek dapat dibedakan dengan kosakata dan pengucapan yang berbeda; misalnya dialek Cockney menggunakan glottal stop [?] alih-alih alveolar stop [t] dalam kata-kata seperti ‘butter’ dan ‘bitter’ sehingga diucapkan sebagai [bΛ?ər] dan [bɪ?ər]. Pengucapan dialek yang khas ini dapat diidentifikasi dengan mudah dalam interaksi lisan, tetapi akan lebih bermasalah jika direpresentasikan dalam teks tertulis, seperti dalam novel. Makalah ini mencoba menganalisis ciri-ciri pembeda dari enam dialek intra nasional Bahasa Inggris British yang ditemukan dalam novel detektif 'Troubled Blood' karya Robert Galbraith, yang merupakan nama samaran dari J.K. Rowling. Data untuk penelitian ini diambil dari sampel tuturan enam karakter dari enam dialek daerah: Irlandia, Cornish, Skotlandia, Cockney, Eastender, dan Essex. Data sampel ujaran diambil dari bab-bab di mana detektif (Strike) atau pasangannya (Robin) berbicara dengan karakter terpilih yang latar belakang bahasanya disebutkan dengan jelas dalam novel. Data dianalisis dengan mentranskripsikan sampel ujaran secara fonetis, kemudian dari transkripsi tersebut diidentifikasi ciri-ciri fonetik masing-masing variasi regional dengan menggunakan teori sosiofonetik dan variasi regional. Penafsiran suara didasarkan pada pengucapan bahasa Inggris standar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seorang wanita dengan dialek East End memiliki beberapa karakteristik seperti penghilangan bunyi h awal, seperti pada 'appens, 'ad, 'eadaches, sedangkan dialek Skotlandia diidentifikasi dengan penggunaan 'havenae' untuk 'have not' . Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa dialek atau variasi daerah dapat direpresentasikan secara akurat dalam teks tertulis. Namun, hal itu juga mensyaratkan bahwa penulis harus memiliki pengetahuan yang cukup tentang setiap dialek untuk dapat mewakili variasi yang berbeda dalam tulisan mereka