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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO Jurnal Hilirisasi IPTEKS (JHI) Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Warta Pengabdian Andalas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengembangan Dan Penerapan Ipteks Jurnal Andalas: Rekayasa dan Penerapan Teknologi Jurnal Teknik Elektro
Andi Pawawoi
Universitas Andalas
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Dentistry Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Health Professions Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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Banana leaf wax performance as a coating material to reduce fouling and heat for photovoltaic improvement Andi Pawawoi; Refdinal Nazir; Muhammad Imran Hamid; Fajril Akbar
International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 15, No 3: September 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v15.i3.pp1212-1222

Abstract

The growing dependence on limited fossil fuels and their environmental impact drive the adoption of renewable energy, with photovoltaics (PV) being a leading option. However, PV performance often declines due to elevated operating temperatures and surface fouling, especially in tropical climates, leading to reduced efficiency. To address this, coating materials with dual functionalities of cooling and self-cleaning are needed. This study investigates banana leaf wax as a natural coating to enhance PV performance. The wax was extracted using n-hexane, applied via spray-coating, and characterized through light transmittance tests, scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging, water contact angle (WCA), adhesion analysis, and field trials on PV modules. The wax demonstrated an average WCA of 127°, with a microcrystalline structure supporting hydrophobic and self-cleaning properties. Field implementation showed that a 9 μm wax layer reduced PV module temperature by approximately 5 °C and increased output power by 15-20% under high irradiance (G ≈1200 W/m²). The cooling effect proved more significant than transmission losses, confirming the potential of banana leaf wax as an effective tropical PV coating. Nevertheless, further studies are required to optimize thickness, strengthen adhesion through hybrid formulations, and integrate the material into advanced optoelectronic coatings for sustainable efficiency improvements.
Co-Authors . Darwison Abdul Rajab Ahmad Ahmad Aminudin Sulaeman Arif Shidiq Siregar Aulia Rohim Safnil Axel Doriza Baharuddin Baharuddin Defri Wandi Defriyan Hidayat Didin Mujahidin Dilla Wediya Eka Fitrianto Eka Fitrianto Fadhila Amanda Fajril Akbar Fauzan Wafi Firman Ridwan Gumilang, Harry Hamid, Muhammad Imran Hamid Hanalde Andre Haznam Putra Irsyad Alghi Fary Jefri Ramadhan Melda Latif Muhammad Imran Hamid Pinto Anugrah Pranata, Vegi Apria Prima Fithri Reco Perian Refdinal Nazir Refki Budiman Reivan Arya Witama Riko Nofendra Riska Amalia Rusydi, Muhammad Ilhamdi Silvia Permata Sari Sulaeman, Aminudin Syafii . Vegi Apria Pranata Wahyu Prabowo Yudi Arfan Zaini Zaini Zuheldi, Zuheldi Zulfahmi Zulfahmi Zulfahmi, Zulfahmi