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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Buletin Palawija Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Yuliantoro Baliadi
BALITKABI
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management

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THE CONTINUAL FORMING AND CONTRIBUTION OF INFECTIVE JUVENILES PRODUCED VIA ENDOTOKIA MATRICIDA OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES IN THE FAMILY OF STEINERNEMATIDAE AND HETERORHABDITIDAE Baliadi, Yuliantoro; Kondo, E.; Yoshiga, T.
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 10, No 1 (2009): April 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

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Abstract

The non-feeding developmentally arrested infective juveniles (IJs)of entomopathogenic nematodes in the family of Steinernematidaeand Heterorhabditidae seek out a susceptible insect host and initiateinfections. The aim of the research was to examine the continualforming and contribution of IJs produced via endotokia matricida(IJs-EM) of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Steinernema glaseri,and S. carpocapsae. The research was conducted at the Laboratoryof Nematology of the Saga University, Japan (April 2001-April2002) and the Laboratory of Nematology of the IndonesianLegume and Tuber Crops Research Institute (June 2003-October2004). The nematode progenies were investigated using the greaterwax moth, Galleria mellonella, pre-inoculated with 50 IJs at 25°C.Results showed that three reproductive adult generations wereobserved at day 18th. There were 135,000, 128,000 and 133,000 IJsper insect cadaver produced in H. bacteriophora, S. glaseri and S.carpocapsae, respectively. Endotokia matricida contributed ahigher number of IJs than that of a normal mode of IJs production.The ratios are 81%, 28% and 64% for H. bacteriophora, S. glaseri,and S. carpocapsae of the IJs total production, respectively. Amongthe generations, the highest contribution of IJs was come from thethird adult generation bearing endotokia matricida, i.e., 63%, 24%and 51% for the three nematode species. Although the IJs-EMwere more transparent compared to the normal IJs, they weremorphologically similar. The results show that endotokia matricidahas a pivotal role in a species maintenance and survival strategyof entomopathogenic nematodes in extreme environmental conditions.
ULAT BULU TANAMAN MANGGA DI PROBOLINGGO: IDENTIFIKASI, SEBARAN, TINGKAT SERANGAN, PEMICU, DAN CARA PENGENDALIAN Baliadi, Yuliantoro; ., Bedjo; ., Suharsono
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol 31, No 2 (2012): Juni 2012
Publisher : Pusat Perpustakaan dan Penyebaran Teknologi Pertanian

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Abstract

Setelah terjadi ledakan populasi pada Maret-April 2011, ulat bulu dinyatakan sebagai hama potensial tanamanmangga di Probolinggo, Jawa Timur. Ledakan ulat bulu di Probolinggo telah dikaji melalui pengujian di laboratoriumdan observasi di lapangan. Terdapat empat spesies ulat bulu yang menyerang tanaman mangga, yaitu Arctornissubmarginata, Lymantria marginalis, Lymantria atemeles, dan Dasychira inclusa. Serangan ulat bulu terjadi disembilan desa dan kerusakan terparah terdapat di Kecamatan Leces, Tegal Siwalan, dan Sumberasih. Tingkatserangan hama ulat bulu berkisar antara 0−20% dari total populasi mangga dengan kehilangan daun mencapai100%. A. submarginata merupakan spesies yang dominan dan penyebab utama kehilangan daun pada tanamanmangga. Siklus hidup A. submarginata dari telur hingga ngengat berkisar 4−5 minggu. Musim hujan yang panjang,debu vulkanik, penanaman mangga yang menuju satu jenis, yakni manalagi, program hutan produksi, dan penggunaaninput agrokimia ditengarai menjadi penyebab utama menurunnya keanekaragaman hayati pada agroekosistemtanaman mangga sehingga menimbulkan ledakan populasi A. submarginata. Kekacauan populasi pascamigrasi A.submarginata dari pertanaman teh dan kemampuan adaptasinya yang tinggi pada tanaman mangga menyebabkanterjadinya peningkatan populasi ulat bulu pada tanaman mangga. Hal ini diperkuat oleh kenyataan bahwa jenis danpopulasi musuh alami ulat bulu tergolong tinggi, dan 60−75% pupa terinfeksi oleh patogen serangga (baculovirusdan cendawan) dan 10−15% mati oleh parasitoid. Pengendalian hama terpadu (PHT) untuk A. submarginata harusberdasarkan pada pemantauan dan penarikan contoh. Komponen teknologi PHT yang dianjurkan adalahpengendalian secara kultur teknis, pengendalian hayati, dan penggunaan pestisida berlabel hijau.
POTENSI NEMATODA ENTOMOPATOGEN UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN ULAT GRAYAK PADA TANAMAN KEDELAI Baliadi, Yuliantoro
Buletin Palawija No 13 (2007)
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Kacang-kacangan dan Umbi-umbian

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Abstract

Hama merupakan salah satu kendala mempertahankan dan meningkatkan produksi kedelai, khususnya di daerah beriklim tropis. Ulat grayak (Spodoptera litura F.) adalah hama penting pada tanaman kedelai. Strategi pengendalian ulat grayak menggunakan prinsip-prinsip pengendalian hama terpadu (PHT) yang ramah lingkungan. PHT menekankan penggunaan agens hayati dengan tujuan menyeimbangkan antara populasi hama dengan musuh alaminya. Oleh karena itu, musuh alami adalah komponen penting dalam PHT. Nematoda entomopatogen (NEP) dari genus Steinernema dan Heterorhabditis dengan bakteri simbionnya memiliki potensi besar sebagai agens hayati untuk mengendalikan ulat grayak. Dari semua stadia kehidupan NEP, hanya juvenil infektif stadia-3 (IJs) yang mampu bertahan hidup di luar tubuh inang dan membawa bakteri simbion (Xenorhabdus sp. untuk Steinernema dan Photorhabdus sp. untuk Heterorhabditis). Saat berada di bagian hemokul inang, bakteri dilepaskan, bakteri dengan cepat memperbanyak diri, dan 2–3 hari kemudian serangga inang mati. Mortalitas inang bergantung pada spesies NEP. Mortalitas sebesar 94,6, 90,4, 86,6, dan 58,6%, disebabkan oleh S. carpocapsae, S. glaseri, H. bacteriophora, dan H. indica 72 jam setelah inokulasi. Untuk keperluan uji laboratorium dan lapang skala kecil, NEP dibiakkan pada ulat Galleria mellonella. Pada satu ekor ulat G. mellonella dihasilkan H. bacteriophora, S. carpocapsae, dan S. glaseri masing-masing sebanyak 135.000, 128.000, dan 133.000 IJs.
Ulat Pemakan Polong Helicoverpa Armigera Hubner: Biologi, Perubahan Status Dan Pengendaliannya Pada Tanaman Kedelai Baliadi, Yuliantoro; Tengkano, Wedanimbi
Buletin Palawija No 16 (2008)
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Kacang-kacangan dan Umbi-umbian

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Abstract

Ulat pemakan polong, Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), tersebar luas di daerah tropis dan dinyatakan sebagai hama penting pada tanaman kedelai di Indonesia. Saat ini, ulat pemakan polong menjadi masalah utama pada tanaman kedelai. Perilaku makan yang polifag mengakibatkan sulit untuk mengembangkan cara pengendalian yang efektif. Ulat pemakan polong diklasifikasikan sebagai pemakan daun, dan polong dan pada tanaman kedelai kerusakan utama yang diakibatkan adalah pada polong. Imago dewasa berukuran sedang berwarna coklat kekuningan dengan penciri adanya noktah hitam di bagian sayap. Sayap bagian dalam lebih cerah dengan lebar bentangan sekitar 40 mm. Ngengat betina dapat menghasilkan telur lebih dari 1200 butir yang diletakkan secara tunggal di bagian daun, batang, dan polong. Setelah 3–8 hari, telur menetas menjadi larva dengan warna menyesuaikan dengan warna daun yang dimakan. Larva mengalami beberapa kali pergantian warna selama perkembangannya menjadi dewasa – hijau, kuning, coklat dengan beberapa ragam kombinasi. Ulat pemakan polong umumnya memiliki tiga garis memanjang – putih pucat, gelap atau terang pada bagian sisi tubuhnya. Gejala kerusakan H. armigera pada polong kedelai mudah dikenali: lubang bekas serangan berbentuk bulat dan berada pada bagian berkembangnya biji. Saat larva memakan biji hanya bagian kepalanya yang berada dalam lubang dan jarang sekali ditemukan keseluruhan tubuh larva berada dalam polong. Ini berarti hama ini tergolong mudah makan sehingga satu larva dapat mengakibatkan banyak kerusakan pada beberapa polong kedelai. Perubahan status ulat pemakan polong menjadi hama penting pada tanaman kedelai mungkin disebabkan oleh: (1) program ekstensifikasi kedelai di era 1986, (2) program pemuliaan kedelai melepas varietas kedelai berdaya hasil tinggi dengan hanya 1–2 gen penyusun, (3) penggunaan insektisida sistemik secara intensif mematikan serangga bukan target termasuk musuh alami yang menimbulkan masalah resurgensi, (4) H. armigera juga menjadi resisten terhadap beberapa insektisida anjuran akibat pemakaian insektisida terus menerus pada tanaman inang kapas, tembakau, dan jagung. Untuk mengurangi dampak tersebut pendekatan penggunaan taktik taktik pengendalian harus kompatibel satu dengan yang lainnya dengan kerusakan kecil pada keseimbangan ekosistem alami dan ekonomis, misalnya penerapan modifikasi habitat atau kultur teknis seperti penanaman tanaman perangkap, musuh alami, dan varietas tahan apabila sudah tersedia.
Resistance of Advanced Soybean Lines to Pod Borrer (Etiella zinckenella) Kuswantoro, Heru; Bayu, Marida S. Y. I.; Baliadi, Yuliantoro; Tengkano, Wedanimbi
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 2 (2017): August 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i2.7895

Abstract

The increasing and stabilizing of soybean product in Indonesia face many limitations. One of the limiting factors is pod borrer (Etiella zinckenella Treitschke) infestation that is able to cause yield loss up to 80%. Objective of the research was to find out some advanced soybean lines that resistant to pod borrer. Design was randomized complete block with three replications. Soybean lines were grown gradualy to ensure the simultanously flowering. The plants were caged at 35 days after planting (DAT) and infested with the imago of E. zinckenella at 56 DAT. Results showed that different soybean lines affected imago population, eggs population, larvae population, infected pods and infected seeds. Some genotypes were consistantly resistant to E. zinckenella. The resistance of those genotypes were non preference resistance based on eggs population, larvae population, infected pod and infected seeds. This study discovered nine soybean lines that is resistant to E. zinckenella, so that it can be beneficial for improving soybean resistance to this pest through releasing as a new resistant pod borer variety after tested further in potential yield and genetic x environment interaction trials. In addition, there were three varieties and two germplasm accessions that can be used as gene sources for improving the resistance of the varieties. The three varieties are able to be cultivated directly in field to decrease the E. zinckenella occurrence.
PENERAPAN INTERPRETIVE STRUCTURAL MODELING (ISM) DALAM PENENTUAN ELEMEN PELAKU PENGELOLAAN TANAMAN TERPADU (PTT) PADI SAWAH MENUJU PERTANIAN BERKELANJUTAN DI KABUPATEN MERAUKE Palobo, Fransiskus; Baliadi, Yuliantoro
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan Vol 19, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lampung.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25181/jppt.v19i1.1396

Abstract

Program modeling in the application and determination of key actors in integrated cropland rice management and resource management for policy making is critical and strategic towards sustainable agriculture development. the objective of this research is to get key element actors in determining integrated crop management (PTT) of paddy rice for sustainable agriculture. As an indicator element interpretive structural modeling (ISM) in this research using 5 (five) Indicator element that is 1) Role of government, 2) Purpose, 3) Main obstacle, 4) Requirement of a program, 5) Institution involved. Results of interpretive structural modeling (ISM) analysis indicate that integrated rice plant cultivation to sustainable agriculture is the role of government in making strategic plan program hence need to follow by making technical instruction. Achieve the objective of applying integrated cropland rice management using high yielding varieties with high productivity and favored by farmers. The need for integrated cropland rice management needs to have proper fertilizer subsidies, seed subsidies, improved irrigation infrastructure and additional capital. The main constraint of integrated crop management is the uncertain climate change so pest disease is still high and at the time of planting season gadu water difficulty. While the institutions involved should be well synergized between the agricultural service and the institute for agricultural technology assessment. Policy direction in the strategic plan program needs a short, medium and long-term strategic plan by related institutions so that the youth will be evaluated according to the action stage.
Fertilizer management practices for cassava in acid dryland of Sukabumi Regency, West Java Sutrisno; Noerwijati, Kartika; Taufiq, Abdullah; Baliadi, Yuliantoro; Utomo, Joko Susilo; Yusnawan, Eriyanto; Amanah, Amri; Harnowo, Didik; Sundari, Titik; Koentjoro, Bambang Sri
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2024.121.6841

Abstract

The productivity of cassava in acid dryland is generally still low. Fertilization, land amelioration, and superior varieties are the main solutions for increasing cassava productivity. This research aimed to determine the response of high-yielding varieties and fertilization technology packages to the growth and yield of cassava in acid dryland of Sukaharja Village, Warung Kiara District, Sukabumi Regency, West Java. The contents of organic carbon, nitrogen, and magnesium of the soil is below the minimum threshold, so the application of N fertilizer, organic matter, and ameliorant is expected to increase plant growth. The research consisted of two treatment factors: two cassava varieties and three fertilization technologies. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized split-plot experimental design with three replications with variety as the main plot and fertilization technology package as the subplots. The treatment effect was observed on the character of plant height, wet biomass weight, stem diameter, number of tubers, tuber length, tuber diameter, tuber weight (large and small) per plant, and tuber yield per plot to be converted per ha. Tuber quality was observed by observing water content, percent dry matter, and starch yield. The results showed that the fertilization technology package increased plant height, fresh biomass weight, stem diameter, large tuber weight per plant, and yield per hectare in both varieties. Differences in varieties and fertilization technology packages have no effect on starch levels.
Integrated pest management strategies for controlling Etiella zinckenella in peanut cultivation: field evaluation of sustainable approaches Prayogo, Yusmani; Ginting, Sempurna; Bayu, Marida Santi Yudha Ika; Indiati, Sri Wahyuni; Baliadi, Yuliantoro; Harnowo, Didik
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.125106-118

Abstract

Etiella zinckenella is a significant pest of peanuts in Indonesia, causing pod yield losses of up to 100% in infested fields. This study aims to identify an appropriate strategy for the sustainable management of E. zinckenella by validating the effectiveness of various integrated pest management approaches through field trials. The experiment was conducted in two locations, Natar (Lampung) and Muneng (East Java), using 11 treatment combinations with three replications. The peanut variety planted was Gajah (GH 51). The treatments included a range of pest control technologies, such as seed treatment with thiamethoxam, application of carbofuran, neem seed powder (NSP), release of Trichogrammatoidea bactrae-bactrae, application of Spodoptera litura Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (SlNPV), trap crops (Crotalaria, soybean, maize, mung bean), organic fertilizer, and lambda-cyhalothrin. The findings revealed that the population density of pod borers and the extent of pod and seed damage were higher in Natar than in Muneng. In Natar, pod damage ranged from 43.7% to 76.3%, with the highest levels recorded in untreated plots and those treated with lambda-cyhalothrin. Similarly, the highest pest population densities in Natar were observed in untreated plots and those treated with lambda-cyhalothrin. In contrast, Muneng exhibited significantly lower pod damage, ranging from 0.2% to 2.6%, with the highest recorded damage at 2.64%. The most effective pest management strategy in both locations was a combination of thiamethoxam seed treatment, carbofuran, NSP, T. bactrae-bactrae, SlNPV, and Crotalaria trap crops, which reduced pod damage to 43.7% in Natar and 0.2% in Muneng. These results suggest that an integrated pest management approach effectively mitigates E. zinckenella infestations in endemic areas. This method not only minimizes pest damage but also helps maintain populations of natural enemies, including Formicidae, Coccinella sp., Paederus sp., and Oxyopes sp., thereby supporting ecological balance. Furthermore, trap crops such as maize, soybean, and mung bean, when planted around peanut fields, demonstrated considerable efficacy in reducing pest attacks compared relative to chemical insecticides, highlighting their potential for a sustainable pest management strategy.
Pathogenicity, Development and Reproduction of The Entomopathogenic Nematode Steinernema sp., in Mealworm Tenebrio molitor Baliadi, Yuliantoro; Sastrahidayat, Ika Rochdjatun; Djauhari, Syamsuddin; Rahardjo, Bambang Tri
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 33, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v33i3.74

Abstract

The pathogenicity, development and reproduction of Steinernema sp., isolate Skpr-20/Str, were studied using Tenebrio molitor. Results revealed that pathogenicity, development and reproduction were significantly influenced by nematode doses. Although the number of invading IJs increased with increasing dose, percentage penetration declined. The IJs reached adulthood within 3 days. Females laid eggs from day 4-7. All eggs remaining inside uterus develop inside the maternal body. The first female bearing endotokia matricida was observed on day 5. In a sand-based assay, nematode was more pathogenic at lower dose instead of higher ones, where optimum dose was 80 nematodes per larva and average number of progeny per female was 5438. Under crowded conditions, development proceeds to IJ stage instead of the J3. The average length and width decreased with increasing of nematode doses. The IJ produced in cadavers infested with 640 nematodes per larva was significantly smaller (492 ± 6.4 µm) than offspring from other doses. The number of days which nematodes first emerged from the cadavers decreased with increasing dose. IJ first emerged at the average of 10-13 days at high IJ densities. It is concluded that the wide experimental characteristic of EPNs is also true for Steinernema sp., isolate Skpr-20/Str.Keywords: development, emergence period, endotokia matricida, entomopathogenic nematode, isolation, pathogennicity, Steinernema sp., isolate Skpr- 20/Str
Co-Authors abdullah Taufiq Amanah, Amri Bambang Tri Rahardjo Bayu, Marida S. Y. I. Bedjo . Didik Harnowo E. Kondo Eriyanto Yusnawan Heru Kuswantoro Ika Rochdjatun Sastrahidayat Joko Susilo Utomo Koentjoro, Bambang Sri Marida Santi Yudha Ika Bayu, Marida Santi Yudha Ika Noerwijati, Kartika Palobo, Fransiskus SEMPURNA GINTING Sri Wahyuni Indiati Suharsono . SUTRISNO Syamsuddin Djauhari T. Yoshiga TITIK SUNDARI Wedanimbi Tengkano YUSMANI PRAYOGO