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All Journal Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Buletin Agrohorti Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Agromet Agrovigor: Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Kultivasi JURNAL SIMETRIK Journal of Tropical Crop Science

Suwarto

Departemen Agronomi Dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB University), Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

Author-ID : 2432470

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering

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Respons Agronomi Tiga Varietas Ubi Kayu pada Berbagai Tingkat Kadar Air Tanah . Suwarto; Eko Sulistyono; Giansar Prastowo
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 1 (2018): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Cassava has been cultivated in almost the all region of Indonesia as a raw material of food, feed, and industries. The productivity of cassava was varied among the region due to the variation of varieties used and growth environment, especially rainfall or water availability. Water deficit or drought stress will decrease the growth and yield of cassava. Selecting tolerant variety to drought will be important to get high productivity. An experimental pot in the greenhouse has been conducted to know the growth and yield response to drought. Three varieties of cassava i.e Adira-1, Gajah, and Mangu were planted in the pot at three level of soil moisture content (SMC) 40-60, 60-80, and 80-100% of field capacity (FC). The cassava growth traits were influenced by SMC starting at 6 weeks after planting (WAP) for a number of leaves, at 8 WAP for stem girth, at 10 WAP for plant height, at 14 WAP for lobus width, and 15 WAP for lobus length. Root, stem, and leaves dry weight in the SMC of 40-60% FC were 64.4; 43.98, and 31.19% of the dry weight in 80-00% FC. Roots yield in the soil moisture content of 40-60% FC decreased by 76.2% and in the SMC of 40-60%, FC decreased by 38.4% compared to in the SMC of 80-100% FC. The water use efficiency and roots yield of Gajah variety were highest.

Studi Pengembangan Jagung Berkelanjutan melalui Integrasi dengan Sapi di Tuban, Jawa Timur Suwarto Suwarto; Iwan Prihantoro
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 25 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Biji-bijian dan daging adalah dua komoditas penting di Indonesia. Jawa Timur adalah sentra produksi utama kedua komoditas tersebut sehingga perlu diusahakan keberlanjutannya. Permasalahan dalam produksi jagung adalah peningkatan harga input pupuk anorganik dan keterbatasan ketersediaan bahan tersebut. Permasalahan produksi ternak adalah keterbatasan pakan. Biomas batang, daun, kelobot, dan tongkol sebagai produk samping jagung dapat digunakan menjadi pakan ternak. Sebaliknya, kotoran sapi dapat digunakan sebagai sumber pupuk. Integrasi kedua sistem ini menjadi peluang untuk keberlanjutan produksi. Studi ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui keberlanjutan produksi jagung dan sapi di Tuban, Jawa Timur melalui penentuan skala dan tingkat keterpaduan integrasi. Survei terhadap 23 orang petani anggota Kelompok Tani Makaryo, Desa Waleran, Kecamatan Grabagan dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengusahaan jagung dan sapi. Untuk mengetahui efisiensi pemupukan, di lahan kelompok tani dilakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan empat dosis urea, yaitu 0, 100, 200, dan 300 kg/ha, dengan pupuk dasar 300 kg NPK Phonska dan 10 ton pupuk kandang. Skala integrasi yang dapat dilaksanakan oleh satu rumah tangga petani adalah 1 ha jagung dengan 2 ekor sapi dengan tingkat keterpaduan ekologis 1,1; ternak sapi memasok pupuk kandang untuk 1,1 ha kebun jagung. Penggunaan urea sebanyak 200 kg menghasilkan biji sebanyak 6.890 kg dan penerimaan tertinggi sebesar Rp21.288.000. Urea dihemat 100 kg ha-1 atau 9.651 ton untuk luas tanaman jagung 96.505 ha/tahun di Tuban. Secara ekonomis, integrasi peternakan sapi dengan kebun jagung dapat menghemat input luar sebanyak Rp230.000/ha atau Rp20.651 miliar/tahun. Pertanian jagung yang terintegrasi dengan sapi dapat mewujudkan pertanian berkelanjutan bermasukan luar rendah. Kata kunci: bermasukan luar rendah, biomas, integrasi, pakan, pupuk kandang

OPTIMASI LAHAN REPLANTING KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN SISTEM TUMPANGSARI JAGUNG (Zea mays L) DAN KACANG TANAH (Arachis hypogaea L) Hidayati Fatchur Rochmah; Suwarto Suwarto; Ade Astri Muliasari
JURNAL SIMETRIK Vol 10, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (P3M) Politeknik Negeri Ambon

Tanaman kelapa sawit harus direplanting jika sudah memasuki usia 25 tahun. Areal replanting tanaman kelapa sawit yang terbuka akan membuat tanah menjadi kering, padat dan akan mudah tercuci sehingga akan menjadi kurang subur. Oleh karena itu diperlukan upaya konservasi tanah. Pola tanam tumpangsari dapat dijadikan alternative untuk melakukan konservasi tanah pada areal replanting kelapa sawit. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan, Institut Pertanian Bogor mulai bulan Februari 2018 sampai Mei 2018. Rancangan percobaan secara rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak dengan 3 kali ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu monokultur jagung, monokultur kacang tanah, tumpangsari 1 baris jagung + 1 baris kacang tanah dan tumpangsari 1 baris jagung + 2 baris kacang tanah. Hasil pertumbuhan tanaman jagung menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tumpangsari menghasilkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, diameter batang dan jumlah daun yang lebih baik dibandingkan tanaman monokultur jagung. Hasil yang sama juga ditunjukkan pada tanaman kacang tanah dimana perlakuan tumpangsari menunjukkan pertumbuhan tanaman kacang yang lebih baik dibandingkan monokultur kacang tanah. Pada peubah hasil tanaman per ha menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan monokultur jagung menghasilkan hasil per ha yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan system tumpangsari. Perlakuan monokultur jagung dan kacang tanah menghasilkan hasil per ha lebih besar dibandingkan perlakuan tumpangsari. Akan tetapi nisbah kesetaraan lahan (NKL) perlakuan tumpangsari menunjukkan hasil >1. Nisbah kesetaraan lahan perlakuan tumpangsari 1 baris jagung + 1 baris kacang tanah yaitu 1.40 dan tumpangsari 1 baris jagung+ 2 baris kacang tanah yaitu 1.46.

Influence of Land Use and Rainfall on Carbon Stock Dynamics for Oil Palm and Rubber Oktanindita Priambodo; Hariyadi; Suwarto; I Putu Santikayasa
Agromet Vol. 34 No. 2 (2020): DECEMBER 2020
Publisher : PERHIMPI (Indonesian Association of Agricultural Meteorology)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/j.agromet.34.2.121-128

The expansion of agricultural commodities including oil palm plantations potentially causes an increase of greenhouse gas emissions by amplifying carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. In the long term, this amplification will alter climate change. However, oil palm also has the potency to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by absorbing CO2 through photosynthesis. This study aims to determine the carbon stock that can be absorbed by oil palm and rubber plants, and to determine the relationship of rainfall with carbon stock in oil palm plants. The study used satellite image data based on Landsat and combined with rainfall data from near Perbaungan District, North Sumatra. Three Landsat data (acquisition date: (i) 12 February 2000, (ii) 8 March 2009, and (iii) 11 August 2019) were processed to estimate carbon stock. The procedure for estimating carbon stock was as follows: determining the sample and digitizing the sampling points, converting the digital value of the numbers into the spectral spectrum, calculating the albedo values, calculating the long-wave and short-wave radiations, computing biomass, and the absorbed carbon stock. The results showed that the carbon stock in oil palm was greater than that of rubber plants as oil palm has a greater biomass. The greater the plant biomass, the bigger the carbon stock absorbed. Further, the findings revealed that rainfall in dry season has a contribution to carbon stock in oil palm and rubber. The higher the total rainfall during dry season will increase the absorbed carbon stocks.

Kontribusi Biomassa dari Daun Gugur dalam Penyediaan Hara pada Pertanaman Ubi Kayu Suwarto Sukiman; Ahmad Faris Abrori
Agrovigor Vol 11, No 1 (2018): Maret
Publisher : Universitas Trunojoyo Madura

In the central area of production, cassava is cultivated continuously along the year as monoculture. At harvest time a number of biomass will be transported from the land in the form of cassava roots, stem, and leaves; a number of nutrient transported from the land. However, the cassava is still could be cultivated with not significantly decreasing its productivity. Probable that is related to the leaves fall during the planting season as the biomass return. The study to know the contribution of the leaves fall to nutrient supply of cassava field has been conducted by planting cassava varieties of Adira-1, Gajah and Mangu as monoculture and intercropped with yam bean. The leaves were starting fall at 8 weeks after planting (WAP). The contribution of the leaves fall was significantly different among the varieties. The influence of planting system was not significant to the leaves fall. Up to the harvest time at 34 WAP, the nutrient supply of leaves fall of Adira-1 was estimated could replace all nutrient of N, P, K, Ca and Mg transported in the roots of 15.7 ton ha-1. The leaves fall of Gajah varieties was estimated could replace all nutrient of N and Ca transported in the roots of 19.6 ton ha-1. However, the leaves fall of Mangu variety was estimated could not replace all nutrient of N, P, K, Ca and Mg transported in the roots of 30.5 ton ha-1. Additional fertlizers were needed to supply enought nutrient to Gajah and Mangu varieties.

Optimum Nitrogen Fertilizer Dosage for Composite and Hybrid Varieties of Maize Jeremia C.L. Tobing; Suwarto; Sopyan Zaman
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 50 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Jagung di Indonesia perlu ditingkatkan produktivitasnya, diantaranya dengan penggunaan varietas unggul dan pemupukan yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis pupuk nitrogen yang optimum untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil jagung komposit dan hibrida. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan petak terbagi dengan varietas sebagai petak utama dan dosis pupuk nitrogen sebagai anak petak. Dua varietas jagung, Bisma (komposit) dan Pioneer 27 (hibrida) ditanam dan dipupuk dengan nitrogen dengan dosis 0, 67.5, 135, 202.5, dan 270 kg ha-1. Peningkatan dosis nitrogen hingga 270 kg ha-1 secara linier meningkatkan biomassa total, bobot tongkol dengan kelobot, bobot tongkol tanpa kelobot, diameter tongkol, bobot biji per tongkol, dan bobot biji per plot. Tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan panjang tongkol menunjukkan respon kuadratik dengan dosis nitrogen optimum masing-masing 167.7, 174.0, dan 221.6 kg ha-1. Dosis 221.6 kg N ha-1 merupakan dosis optimum untuk mencapai produktivitas tinggi pada kedua varietas tersebut. Kata kunci: bobot biomassa, bobot tongkol, diameter tongkol, dosis optimum, produktivitas

Morpho-physiological Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Cocoyam Accessions (Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott) Maghfirah; Edi Santosa; Suwarto
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 50 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Talas kimpul (Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott) anggota Araceae merupakan salah satu sumber karbohidrat di daerah kering untuk ketahanan pangan. Hingga saat ini, kajian keragaman genetik kimpul untuk mendukung produktivitas dan kegiatan pemuliaan masih relatif terbatas. Penelitian bertujuan melakukan karakterisasi morfo-fisiologi dan mempelajari keragaman aksesi talas kimpul. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Desember 2018 sampai Juli 2019 di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo, IPB Bogor menggunakan tujuh aksesi talas kimpul koleksi Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT) yakni S8, S22, S27, S29, S31, S32, dan S37. Aksesi dipelihara di bawah naungan paranet 50% dengan jarak tanam 50 cm x 50 cm. Analisis klaster menggunakan metode unweighted pair group method using arithmetic average (UPGMA). Penelitian menunjukkan adanya keragaman pada 31 dari 51 karakter morfologi dan fisiologi. Dari 31 peubah yang beragam, hanya 14 peubah yang memiliki nilai PIC ≥ 0.5. Warna tangkai daun bagian dalam dan kerapatan stomata merupakan karakter penting dalam karakterisasi kimpul karena memiliki keragaman yang paling tinggi. Pada taraf Aksesi mengelompok menjadi dua grup, Grup I beranggota aksesi S29, dan sisanya mengelompok pada Grup II. Grup II memiliki tiga subgrup yakni A (S8 dan S32), B (S22, S27, dan S31), dan C (S37). Aksesi S27 dan S31 memiliki tingkat kemiripan yang tinggi. Kata kunci: Araceae, belitung, ketahanan pangan, lahan kering, perubahan iklim

Efektivitas Pengapuran dalam Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) sebagai Hijauan Pakan Ternak Iwan Prihantoro; Asep Tata Permana; Suwarto Suwarto; Edit Lesa Aditia; Yualisna Waruwu
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 28 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18343/jipi.28.2.297

Sorghum is a potential crop as feed forage. The objective of the research was to obtain optimum dose of liming to improve the growth and productivity of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) biomass as feed forage. A completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications were applied for the research. The treatments were doses of dolomite lime addition i.e., 1) SD0 (dolomite lime addition at a dose of 0 ton/ha) as a control, 2) SD1 (dolomite lime addition at a dose of 1 ton/ha), 3) SD2 (dolomite lime addition at a dose of 2 ton/ha), and 4) SD3 (dolomite lime addition at a dose of 3 ton/ha). The result shows that supplementation of dolomite lime at doses of 2‒3 tons ha-1 can increase soil pH after a week of incubation. The dolomite lime addition at a dose of 3 tons ha-1 significantly increases (P<0.05) the plant height (2 weeks after planting) and the number of leaves from a week after planting until the end of the research (10 weeks after planting). In addition, this dose of dolomite addition (3 tons/ha) can increase fresh biomass productivity as well as dry biomass compared to control (SD0). In conclusion, supplementation of dolomite lime at a dose of 3 tons ha-1 was effective to increase the pH value of soil, plant height, leaves number, as well as fresh and dry biomass of sorghum plant. In addition, this dose of dolomite lime produces better green color of sorghum plant leaf compared to without liming. Keywords: biomass production, dolomite lime, feed forage, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench

Growth, yield, and land use efficiency of soybean-maize relay cropping under saturated soil culture on tidal swamps Sahuri Sahuri; Munif Ghulamahdi; Suwarto
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 51 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

More than 75 percent of households growing maize and soybean adopts the monoculture method. The relay cropping of soybean-maize is a strategic choice to increase the planted area and productivity of these two commodities' sustainability in tidal swamps. The research aimed to study the land equivalent ratio (LER), determine the best planting spacing and soybean varieties, and the best relay cropping of maize on saturated soil culture in tidal swamps. The experiment was on mineral soils with type B tidal swamps, in Banyuasin, South Sumatra, from July to December 2022. The experiment used a three-factor randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor was soybean varieties: Argomulyo, Gepak Kuning, Detap 1, and Demas 1, the second factor was soybean planting spacing: 78 cm x 15 cm x 12.5 cm and 60 cm x 40 cm x 10 cm, and the third factor was the relay cropping of maize: 30 and 45 days after planting (DAP) of soybeans. Results showed that plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, filled pods, 100 seeds weight, and seed yield were influenced significantly by varieties. Demas 1 variety produced a higher seed yield, with relay cropping and monoculture, i.e., 4.2 tons ha-1 and 4.1 tons ha-1, respectively. Plant height, stem diameters, number of leaves, 100 grains weight, and grain yield in maize were significantly higher at soybean planting spacing of 78 cm x 15 cm x 12.5 cm and relay cropping at 30 DAP. The LER values > 1, indicated that relay cropping increased land productivity as compared to monoculture cultivation. The LER at relay cropping of 30 DAP was significantly highest for Argomulyo and Detap 1 varieties, i.e., 1.8 and 1.8, respectively. Keywords: Land equivalent ratio, planting spacing, relay cropping, saturated soil culture, tidal swamps

Penanganan Panen dan Pascapanen Teh Hitam CTC (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) di Kebun Rancabali, Bandung, Jawa Barat Damara Wisnu Aridewa Maska; Hariyadi; Suwarto
Buletin Agrohorti Vol. 10 No. 3 (2022): Buletin Agrohorti
Publisher : Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/agrob.v10i3.46492

Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Rancabali, Bandung pada bulan Januari hingga Mei 2021. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi panen dan pascapanen teh hitam CTC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isian dan penumpukan waring berpengaruh nyata terhadap penambahan kerusakan pucuk teh. Kapasitas pemetik mesin, gunting, dan delay life mencapai 149.4 kg HOK-1, 61 kg HOK-1, dan 71.72 kg HOK-1 serta tidak dipengaruhi oleh usia, lama pengalaman kerja, dan jenis kelamin. Tenaga petik gunting, mesin, dan delay life sebanyak 136, 128, dan 30 orang. Rata-rata analisis pucuk memenuhi syarat olah pada pemetikan mesin dan pemetikan gunting yaitu 51.2 % dan 47.9 %. Cara pemetikan berpengaruh nyata terhadap persentase memenuhi syarat pucuk. Selisih timbangan kebun dan pabrik yaitu 0.63 %. Rata-rata nilai rendemen teh yaitu 23.46%. Kata kunci: kerusakan pucuk, kualitas pucuk, sarana panen, pengangkutan pucuk, pengolahan

Co-Authors Ade Irma Sulistiani Adi, Defiyanto Djami Afifuddin Agustinus Tri Aryanto Ahmad Faris Abrori Arief Fidiansyah Asep Tata Permana Astri Muliasari, Ade Damara Wisnu Aridewa Maska Dhika Prita Hapsari Didy Sopandie Dwi Guntoro Edi Santosa Edit Lesa Aditia Eko Sulistyono Elizabet Sagala Faqih Udin Firmansyah Aznur Fitri Gumayanti Giansar Prastowo Hariyadi Hariyadi Hasril Hasan Siregar Herdhata Agusta Herliana Husnul Khotimah Hesti Paramita Sari Ignatius Harry Tri Pambudi Irzal Effendi Iskandar Lubis Istiqlaliyah Muflikhati Iwan Prihantoro Jeremia C.L. Tobing K. Murtilaksono Laila Wati Krisna Lubis Lia Desyrakhmawati M.A. Chozin Maghfirah Maya Melati Mira Ariyanti Muhamad Syukur Muhammad Hilmi Munif Ghulamahdi Nope Gromikora Priambodo, Oktanindita Purwono Radhiya Nur Anwar Ratna Suminar Rina Kurniasari Rochmah, Hidayati Fatchur S. Yahya Sahuri Sahuri Santikayasa, I Putu Sintia Octaviani Siti Hardiani Sopyan Zaman Sudirman Yahya Sudirman Yahya Sudirman Yahya Sugiyanta Tati Budiarti Tri Astuti Tyas Arumsari Wanda Alifa Hanny Wiwik Hartatik Yualisna Waruwu Yusri Iryas Sandi

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