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THE EFFECT OF HEALTH EDUCATION BY THE ROLE PLAY METHOD ON KNOWLEDGE LEVEL ABOUT PREVENTION OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN SCHOOL AGES Meilinda Ulfah Adha Suhenda; Tetti Solehati; Ai Mardhiyah
Journal of Maternity Care and Reproductive Health Vol 2, No 1 (2019): Journal of Maternity Care and Reproductive Health
Publisher : Ikatan Perawat Maternitas Indonesia Provinsi Jawa Barat

Cases of child sexual violence (KSA) in Bandung Regency continue to increase, and cause physical, psychological, growth, development and traits in the future. KSA prevention education is needed as primary prevention to increase children's knowledge in order to protect themselves. This study aimed to analyze the effect of education through the role play method on the level of knowledge regarding the prevention of school-age KSA in Solokan Garut Elementary School, Bandung Regency. This type of research was Pre-Experimental with One group pre and post-test design. Sample selection used purposive sampling techniques. The study involved 47 respondents from grade 1 and 2 students at Solokan Garut Elementary School in Bandung Regency. The treatment in the form of education to prevent KSA at school age uses the "TANGKIS" jargon with the role play method. The instrument used a modification of the "TANGKIS" material questionnaire and early age education journal that has done face validity and instrument testing with valid and reliable results 0.87. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis of frequency distribution and percentage, and bivariate analysis of the Wilcoxon test. The results showed an increase in children's knowledge when the Pre-test was 34 children in good category (72.3%) and increased when the Post-test as many as 38 children in the good category (80.9%). In bivariate analysis, there was a p-value of 0.016. The conclusion of this study is that there are significant differences in the level of knowledge of school-age children before and after being given education through role play regarding prevention of KSA in Solokan Garut Elementary School, Bandung Regency. The advice of this study is to apply this method regularly and develop other educational methods that are suitable and effective for adolescents.Keywords: Education, Knowledge, Prevention of sexual violence, School-age children.

Pemberdayaan Guru Sekolah dalam Deteksi Dini dan Screening Tuberkulosis pada Anak Sekolah di Desa Cileles Kecamatan Jatinangor Kabupaten Sumedang Sri Hendrawati; Ikeu Nurhidayah; Ai Mardhiyah; Wiwi Mardiah; Fanny Adistie
Media Karya Kesehatan Vol 1, No 1 (2018): Media Karya Kesehatan
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Saat ini angka kejadian tuberkulosis (TB) dewasa di Indonesia meningkat. Hal ini berimplikasi terhadap peningkatan penularan tuberkulosis pada anak, karena anak merupakan kelompok usia yang sangat rawan tertular TB dan hanya akan mendapatkan tuberkulosis dari orang dewasa. Kegiatan Pengabdian pada Masyarakat (PPM) ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan guru sekolah dalam melakukan deteksi dini dan penemuan kasus tuberkulosis pada anak sekolah. Khalayak sasaran pada kegiatan ini adalah guru Sekolah Dasar (SD) dan guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) di Desa Cileles Kecamatan Jatinangor Kabupaten Sumedang. Luaran kegiatan ini adalah modul deteksi dini tuberkulosis pada anak sekolah, yang dapat dipakai oleh guru sekolah untuk melakukan deteksi dini rutin tuberkulosis pada anak sekolah, teridentifikasinya penemuan kasus baru tuberkulosis pada anak sekolah melalui deteksi dini, dan sekolah percontohan untuk deteksi tuberkulosis pada anak. Metode kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan beberapa metode yaitu panel expert untuk pembuatan modul deteksi dini, pelatihan deteksi dini tuberkulosis, simulasi deteksi dini dan screening TB, simulasi penemuan dan pelaporan kasus tuberkulosis, dan pelaksanaan penemuan kasus TB pada anak SD di Desa Cileles Kecamatan Jatinangor Kabupaten Sumedang. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini melibatkan mitra dari SD Negeri Cileles dan MI Al-Falah Desa Cileles Kecamatan Jatinangor Kabupaten Sumedang. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini juga melibatkan mitra dari kader kesehatan Desa Cileles Kecamatan Jatinangor Kabupaten Sumedang. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata skor pengetahuan guru sekolah dan kader kesehatan sebelum dilakukan kegiatan pemberdayaan adalah 63,33 (SD = 20,90); rata-rata skor pengetahuan guru sekolah dan kader kesehatan setelah dilakukan kegiatan adalah 81,00 (SD = 12,96) dengan rata-rata peningkatan skor 17,67 (SD = 20,96); dan kemampuan psikomotor peserta 100% lulus dalam kegiatan praktikum. Hasil kegiatan ini merekomendasikan agar pelaksanaan screening TB pada anak sekolah dilakukan secara berkelanjutan untuk meningkatkan capaian deteksi dini TB pada anak sekolah.Kata kunci: Anak sekolah, deteksi dini, guru, kader kesehatan, pemberdayaan, screening, tuberkulosis

Pemberdayaan Kader Posyandu dalam Stimulasi Deteksi dan Intervensi Dini Tumbuh Kembang (SDIDTK) pada Anak Usia 0 – 6 Tahun di Desa Cileles Kecamatan Jatinangor Kabupaten Sumedang Sri Hendrawati; Ai Mardhiyah; Henny Suzana Mediani; Ikeu Nurhidayah; Wiwi Mardiah; Fanny Adistie; Nenden Nur Asriyani Maryam
Media Karya Kesehatan Vol 1, No 1 (2018): Media Karya Kesehatan
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Cakupan deteksi dini tumbuh kembang anak balita tingkat Provinsi Jawa Barat masih jauh di bawah target yang ditetapkan yaitu 90%, termasuk untuk wilayah Kabupaten Sumedang, khususnya Desa Cileles Kecamatan Jatinangor, memiliki cakupan deteksi dini tumbuh kembang anak masih rendah. Stimulasi, deteksi, dan intervensi dini tumbuh kembang (SDIDTK) yang dilakukan di Posyandu tidak lengkap, hanya penimbangan dan pengukuran tinggi badan saja. Kader posyandu belum mampu melakukan deteksi dini dan intervensi dini penyimpangan tumbuh kembang balita secara komprehensif. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan kader posyandu dalam melakukan SDIDTK pada anak usia 0 – 6 tahun. Khalayak sasaran pada kegiatan ini adalah kader posyandu di Desa Cileles. Luaran dari kegiatan PKM ini yaitu tersusunnya modul SDIDTK pada anak usia 0 – 6 tahun yang aplikatif dan handbook praktikum deteksi dini tumbuh kembang anak. Metode kegiatan dilakukan dengan beberapa metode yaitu panel expert untuk pembuatan modul SDIDTK dan pelatihan SDIDTK yang terdiri dari kegiatan penyuluhan, small group discussion, praktikum serta simulasi. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini melibatkan mitra dari 5 buah posyandu di Desa Cileles yang diikuti oleh 25 kader posyandu. Evaluasi dilaksanakan dengan evaluasi kognitif dan psikomotor. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa kader posyandu sangat antusias dalam mengikuti rangkaian kegiatan PKM ini. Sejumlah 25 orang kader lulus mengikuti semua tahapan dalam kegiatan PKM ini dengan indikator terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan tentang SDIDTK dan tumbuh kembang pada anak dari nilai rata-rata pretest 41,6 (SD = 18,9) menjadi nilai rata-rata posttest 65,6 (SD = 17,6), dengan rata-rata peningkatan skor 24,0 (SD = 18,3); dan kemampuan psikomotor peserta 100% lulus dalam kegiatan praktikum. Hasil kegiatan ini merekomendasikan agar pelaksanaan pelatihan SDIDTK pada kader posyandu ini perlu dilanjutkan secara berkesinambungan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kader dalam melakukan stimulasi tumbuh kembang, deteksi dini tumbuh kembang, dan intervensi dini tumbuh kembang.Kata kunci: Anak usia 0-6 tahun, deteksi, intervensi dini, kader posyandu, stimulasi, tumbuh kembang

Pemberdayaan Guru Sekolah dalam Deteksi Dini Tuberkulosis pada Anak Sekolah Ikeu Nurhidayah; Henny Suzana Mediani; Ai Mardhiyah
Media Karya Kesehatan Vol 1, No 2 (2018): Media Karya Kesehatan
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Saat ini angka kejadian tuberkulosis (TB) dewasa di Indonesia meningkat. Hal ini berimplikasi terhadap peningkatan penularan tuberkulosis pada anak, karena anak merupakan kelompok usia yang sangat rawan tertular TB dan hanya akan mendapatkan tuberkulosis dari orang dewasa. Saat ini Kabupaten Cirebon menjadi kabupaten ke-empat dengan jumlah penderita TB dewasa terbanyak di Jawa Barat, yang akan berimplikasi pada peningkatan jumlah anak yang menderita tuberkulosis. Angka penemuan kasus TB anak di Kabupaten Cirebon masih rendah, terutama pada anak sekolah, sehingga diperlukan peningkatan kapasitas guru sekolah dalam melakukan deteksi dini TB pada anak sekolah. Kegiatan ini berupa pemberdayaan guru sekolah dasar dalam melakukan deteksi dini dan penemuan kasus tuberkulosis pada anak sekolah. Khalayak sasaran pada kegiatan ini adalah guru sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Sedong Kabupaten Cirebon, yakni sejumlah 25 orang guru sekolah. Luaran kegiatan ini adalah peningkatan kemampuan kognitif dan psikomotor guru dalam melakukan deteksi dini TB pada anak. Metode kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan ceramah, simulasi, small group discussion dan praktikum. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata skor pengetahuan guru sebelum dilakukan kegiatan pemberdayaan adalah 46 (SD: 0,46), dan rata-rata skor pengetahuan guru setelah dilakukan kegiatan adalah 97,6 (SD: 0,21), dengan rata-rata peningkatan skor 50, 92 (SD: 0,45), dan kemampuan psikomotor peserta 100% dalam kategori baik. Hasil screening menunjukkan jumlah siswa yang dicurigai mengalami TB dan perlu pemeriksaan lebih lanjut adalah sebesar 52 siswa (8.5%) dari 612 siswa yang dilakukan screening. Hasil kegiatan ini merekomendasikan puskesmas untuk melakukan pemberdayaan masyarakat secara berkelanjutan untuk meningkatkan capaian deteksi dini TB pada anak. Kata kunci: Anak sekolah, guru, pemberdayaan, tuberculosis.

Needs of parents in critically ill infants care in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) Sri Hendrawati; Sari Fatimah; Siti Yuyun Rahayu Fitri; Ai Mardhiyah; Ikeu Nurhidayah
Jurnal Keperawatan Vol. 9 No. 1 (2018): JANUARI
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Infants hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit adversely affect for infants and parents. Efforts that can be developed to minimize the negative impact is by applying family centered care. The first step is to identify needs of parents. In previous study examined the differences in needs of particular groups of parents. This study aimed to identify the needs of parents in critically ill infants care in the neonatal intensive care unit. The research method was descriptive quantitative design. The samples were 45 respondents and data collection was done by using questionnaires NICU Family Need Inventory. Data analysis was done by score mean. This research has been carried out in the NICU Government Hospital of Bandung Raya. The quantitative result indicated that parents with critically ill infants in the NICU need assurance most (M = 3,90), followed by information (M = 3,82), proximity (M = 3,76), support (M = 3,49), and comfort (M = 3,37). Needs of parents are focused on the wellbeing of their infants. In doing nursing care, in addition to improving care to the infants, the nurses also should pay attention to needs of parents related to the assurance that their infants get the best care, open communication, and close contact with their infants. By identifying the needs of parents in the NICU, it can allow nurses to integrate the needs of parents into family centered care so that parents can meet these needs, get satisfaction, and can improve the quality of life infants.

Incident of Mucositis and The Factors that Influence it on Children with Cancer Who Received Chemotherapy Sri Hendrawati; Ikeu Nurhidayah; Henny Suzana Mediani; Ai Mardhiyah
Jurnal Keperawatan Vol. 10 No. 2 (2019): Juli
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Chemotherapy shows high effectiveness, but also has side effects, including mucositis. Mucositis can cause pain, difficulty sleeping, eating disorders, mood, and activity, which has implications for the quality of life of children. The purpose of this study was to identify the incidence of mucositis and the factors that influence the incidence of mucositis in cancerous children receiving chemotherapy treatment. This research method is descriptive correlational analysis with cross sectional design. Consecutive sampling technique was used to establish respondents as research samples so as to get 60 respondents. Data were analyzed univariately and bivariately. Bivariate analysis was performed with Chi square test and 2 mean difference test to see differences in the mean values of mucositis before and after chemotherapy. The results showed that almost all cancer children who received chemotherapy had 53 people (88.3%) and a small portion, 7 people (11.7%) had no mucositis. There was a significant difference in the mean value (p = 0,000) between before and after chemotherapy with an increase in the average mucositis value of 3.12. The research shows that there is a significant relationship (p <0.05) between previous mucositis experience (p = 0,000), type of cancer (p = 0.025), type of chemotherapy (p = 0.010), and duration of therapy (p = 0.027) and the incidence of mucositis. Meanwhile nutritional status was not related to the incidence of mucositis (p = 0.077). Nurses, as health workers who most often contact with patients, should be able to improve nursing care in cancer children who get chemotherapy in minimizing the occurrence of mucositis by conducting routine mucositis and oral care assessments.

Gambaran Respon Anak Usia Prasekolah dalam Menjalani Proses Transfusi Meila Sabridatia Putri; Ai Mardhiyah; Efri Widianti
Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran Vol. 3 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran
Publisher : Faculty of Nursing Universitas Padjadjaran

Tindakan transfusi darah yang dilakukan pada anak usia prasekolah yang mengalami talasemia membuat anak merasa terancam. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh anak dengan berbagai respon (kognitif, afektif, fisiologis, perilaku dan sosial) anak prasekolah dalam menjalani proses transfusi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui gambaran respon kognitif, afektif, fisiologis, perilaku dan sosial pada anak usia prasekolah dalam menjalani proses transfusi di Poli Talasemia RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan sample sebanyak 50 orang selama periode 3–13 Juni 2014 diambil dengan teknik insidental sampling. Hasil penelitianini dianalisis dengan menggunakan rumus distribusi frekuensiPenelitian yang sudah dilakukan, didapatkan hasil respon yang paling banyak ditunjukkan oleh anak prasekolah ketika proses transfusi berlangsung adalah hampir seluruhnya menunjukkan respon sosial (84%) dengan jenis respon terbanyak ialah meminta dukungan emosional pada orang yang bermakna, hampir seluruhnya menunjukkan respon afektif (74%) dengan jenis respon terbanyak adalah mengeluarkan ekspresi verbal, sebagian besar menunjukkan respon perilaku (66%) dengan jenis respon terbanyak adalah memukul-mukulkan lengan dan kaki dan juga respon kognitif (72%) dengan jenis respon terbanyak gelisah, dan hampir setengahnya dari responden menunjukkan respon fisiologis (34%) dengan jenis respon terbanyak bernapas cepat. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah bahwa presentase respon terbesar yang dikeluarkan oleh anak usia prasekolah berupa respon sosial dengan jenis meminta dukungan emosional pada orang bermakna. Saran bagi instansi pendidikan dan rumah sakit untuk bisa berkontribusi mengembangkan asuhan keperawatan pada orang yang paling dekat pada anak sebelum tindakan invasif.Kata kunci: Respon anak usia prasekolah, talasemia, tindakan invasif. Description of Responses of Pre-school Children who are Undergoing Blood TransfusionAbstractPre-school children with thalassemia who undergo the routine blood transfusion may show negative responses. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of responses of preschool-aged children who were undergoing blood transfusions in Thalassemia Clinic of RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. This study used descriptive quantitative (descriptive research) with a sample of 50 children during the period of 3rd -13th June 2014. The samples were recruited using the incidental sampling technique. The results showed that almost all respondents demonstrated social responses (84%) with the most type of this response is asking for emotional support from meaningful people, almost all respondents showed affective responses (74%) with the most type of this response is in form of verbal expression, the majority of respondents indicated behavioral responses (66%) with the most type of this response is banging their arms and legs, and also cognitive responses (72%) with most types of this response is anxiety. Nearly half of the respondents showed a physiological response (34%) with rapid breathing types as the highest response. The conclusion of this study is that the largest percentage of the response demonstrated by pre-school children is the social response, in form of asking for emotional support from meaningful people. It was recommended that educational institutions and hospitals contribute to development of the nursing care in the field of children through training, particularly on the approach to the children before invasive treatment.Key words: Invasive treatment, preschool responses, thalassemia.

Comparative Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy 5 Sessions and 12 Sessions Toward to Post Traumatic Stress Disorder on Post Flood Disaster Adolescent Uray Fretty Hayati; Sari Fatimah; Ai Mardhiyah
Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran Vol. 6 No. 1 (2018): Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran
Publisher : Faculty of Nursing Universitas Padjadjaran

AbstractFlood disaster conduced 2375 refugees and traumatic in adolescent with symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder as many as 15 people in Garut regency. The impact of PTSD on adolescents reduced brain volume, behavioral changed and short-term memory lost. The psychotherapy that proved to be effective overcome PTSD was Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) 12 sessions but the empirical evidence in Indonesia, the 12 session of CBT intervention was too long, tedious, and caused doubts to the therapist so that 5 session CBT intervention was considered more flexible and efficient. The purpose of this study was compare the effectiveness of PTSD scores pre and post intervention of CBT 5 sessions and 12 sessions toward of PTSD on post flood disaster in adolescent. This research used Quasi Experiment Design with Pre test and Post test approach Two Group Design. The first group was given CBT 5 sessions and the second group was given CBT 12 sessions with the total number of adolescent respondents were 38 people (aged 12–18). The sample was chosen by used Consecutive Sampling at two evacuation sites in Cilawu and Tarogong Kidul subdistrict, Garut regency, West Java, Indonesia. The results of this study pre and post intervention in both groups decreased of PTSD score which difference of median value of 6.00 on CBT 5 session and average difference of 7.58 on CBT 12 session with significancy (p-value < 0.01) and the result analysis test on the effectiveness of both interventions (p-value > 0.05) with significancy number 0.648. The conclusion was no significant difference between the effectiveness of the CBT group of 5 sessions and the CBT group of 12 sessions. There needs comparison of more than 5 sessions and less than 12 sessions for next research.

The Mental Burden of Parents of Children with Thalassemia Gita Septyana; Ai Mardhiyah; Efri Widianti
Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran Vol. 7 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran
Publisher : Faculty of Nursing Universitas Padjadjaran

Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder in which there is a chronic abnormality of red blood cells. When a child suffers from a severe illness, the family usually acts as caregivers, which put them at risk of experiencing a burden of care. This study aims to identify the level of charge perceived by parents caregivers of children with thalassemia. A quantitative approach was used in this research to obtain data by using a continuous sampling. The samples in this research consisted of 71 parents of children with thalassemia, who are either their biological father or mother who attended thalassemia center on August 30, 2017 - September 13, 2017. The instrument was used in this research was modified from a Caregiver Burden Scale instrument (developed by Elmstahl). The data obtained were analyzed using a descriptive statistical technique in which parents burden is categorized into three levels: mild, moderate, and severe levels of burden, and they are measured in percentage. The result showed that 36 respondents (50.7%) perceived a mild level of burden, 31 respondents (43.7%) perceived moderate level of burden, and four respondents (5.6%) saw the severe level of burden. This study concludes that most respondents perceived a mild and moderate level of burden, but in terms of responsibility, economy, expectation, and anxiety, they showed a severe degree of burden. Nurses are suggested to maintain or alleviate the burden by providing education, counseling, emotional support and adaptive coping mechanisms for parents of children with thalassemia.

HUBUNGAN ANTARA KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH DENGAN SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE SYNDROME PADA PASIEN POST KRANIOTOMI Eka Yulia Fitri; Tri Wahyu Murni; Ai Mardhiyah
Jurnal Keperawatan Sriwijaya Vol 7, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Sriwijaya

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Tujuan: Setiap tindakan operasi akan mencetuskan terjadinya respon stres. Pada pasien yang menjalani kraniotomi respon stres yang terjadi adalah hipermetabolisme dan katabolisme, perubahan pada sistem endokrin dan metabolik sehingga mendorong terjadinya peningkatan kadar glukosa darah. Hiperglikemia dapat merusak fungsi imunitas tubuh, mengurangi proliferasi limfosit dan menurunkan aktivitas bakterial intraseluler, sehingga merusak respon inflamasi normal dan terjadi inflamasi secara sistemik (SIRS). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kadar glukosa darah dengan derajat SIRS pada pasien post kraniotomi yang dirawat di intensive care unit pada rumah sakit X di Palembang.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan analitik korelasi dengan desain observasional dan pendekatan kohort prospektif. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan consecutive sampling dengan jumlah 20 orang pasien trauma kepala yang menjalani kraniotomi dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Penelitian dilakukan pada September sampai November 2013 dengan menilai kadar glukosa darah dan derajat SIRS pada 24 jam dan 72 jam post kraniotomi.Hasil: 90% responden mengalami peningkatan kadar glukosa baik pada 24 jam dan 72 jam post kraniotomi, 60% responden mengalami SIRS ringan pada 24 jam post kraniotomi dan 55% responden tidak mengalami SIRS pada 72 jam post kraniotomi. Uji korelasi Rank Spearman menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara peningkatan kadar glukosa darah dengan beratnya derajat SIRS (Rs= -0,112, p= 0,640 dan Rs=0,257, p= 0,274). Tidak terdapat hubungan antara peningkatan kadar glukosa darah dengan beratnya derajat SIRS pada pasien post kraniotomi yang dirawat intensive care unit pada rumah sakit X Palembang.Simpulan: Perawat mempunyai peran dalam mengidentifikasi SIRS dan faktor lain yang mempengaruhi SIRS selain kadar glukosa darah.Kata kunci: Kadar glukosa darah, kraniotomi, SIRS, trauma kepala.

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